宾氏病CT表现与临床症状的对照(附200例分析)

通过对200例宾氏（Binswanger）病的CT表现与临床症状的对照分析，提示Binswanger痴呆的发生与侧脑室旁白质脱髓鞘的程度有密切联系，提出CT诊断Binswanger病应主要以侧脑室旁白质脱髓鞘为依据，并密切结合临床症状及病史。     

血管性进行性皮层下脑病的护理

血管性进行性皮层下脑病，又称Binswanger病（BD），其临床特点为伴有高血压的中老年人表现为进行性痴呆，病理可见大片脑自质脱髓鞘及明显的动脉硬化，但弓状纤维保留。据估计，我国至少有痴果老人500万以上，而每年平均还有30万BD病人加入这个行列，而在欧美等发达国家65岁以上人口中，中重度痴呆的患病率在5％以上。其中，社会学家霍洛为茨（Horiwitz）将家庭养老功能概括为：生活资料；感情上的支持；协助正式机构进行问接照料；经济供养。这就要求护理人员加强对BD病人的护理，提高患者的生存质量，延缓疾病的进程，具有更重要意义。     

Binswanger病53例临床分析

目的：提高Binswanger病（BD）诊断和鉴别诊断水平。方法：对53例BD患者，根据临床、CT、MRI和认知功能检查进行诊断。结果：53例中有高血压51例，全部患者均有不同程度认知功能障碍，CT及MRI特征性白质异常伴腔隙梗死。结论：BD与高血压密切相关，痴呆是诊断必备条件，CT及MRI具有典型改变。     

Binswanger’s病的临床分析

Binswanger‘s病（BD)又称皮层下动脉硬化性脑病,本病临床特点是中老年人进行性痴呆。随着CT的应用,BD的检出率明显增多,现就我院渗断的30例Binswanger‘s病,予以报道。     

Binswanger氏病53例临床分析

<正>Binswanger氏病(Binswanger Disease.BD)又称皮质下动脉硬化性脑病,或称Binswager脑病。1987年以前诊断主要依靠尸检病理所见。由Caplan氏等研究了5例经病理证实的患者,强调痴呆、脑血管病危险因素及局灶性症状和体征在临床诊断上的重要性。随着CT和MRI影像学技术的应用和发展,BD的发病率有逐年增高的趋势。BD病变部位主要累及大脑白质,CT表现为两侧脑室周围白质与半卵圆中心性低密度。临床上以高血压动脉硬化、卒中、慢性进行性痴呆为主要临床特征。我院神经科自1986～1995年12月收治53例,现报道如下。     

Binswanger氏病的CT、MRI与临床研究

<正>Binswanger氏病(Binswanger disease,BD)又称皮质下动脉硬化性脑病,或称慢性皮质下脑病及Binswanger脑病。随着CT与MRI影像技术的发展,BD的发病率有逐年增高的趋势。BD是主要累及脑白质,临床上以高血压、卒中、慢性进行性痴呆为三大表现的一种综合征。我院自1986～1996年共收治60例,本文结合60例CT、MRI图像上BD典型形态学改变的病例资料,进行讨论和分析。     

多梗塞性痴呆30例临床分析

多梗塞性痴呆是血管性痴呆最常见的类型，常伴有多数的大、小梗塞或腔梗，本文收集30例，现报道如下。1资料与右法1．1临床资料30例患者均为1996年4月～1997年3月在湖南医科大学湘雅医院住院或门诊就诊的患者，其中男性23例，女性7例，年龄60～80岁，平均年龄（69±7．42岁），所有患者均经神经心理学检测，符合美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册（第3版，修订本，DSM一见一回的痴呆诊断标准，痴呆症状持续6个月以上。1．2头颅CT检查30例患者均进行了CT检查。观测指标：有无脑萎缩；局灶性病变的大小、部位及数量；脑白质疏松程度（0、轻、中及…     

Binswanger病的PET表现

Binswanger病（BD），又叫皮质下动脉硬化性脑病，是血管性痴呆的一种类型，临床表现为缓慢进行性痴呆，具有血管危险因素（高血压和通常有小卒中病史），CT或MRI具有特征性的白质异常信号。以前只能靠尸检确诊，随着各种检查手段使用，对BD的认识也越来越深入。本文对我院临床确诊为BD的5例患者的氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层（18F-FDGPET）表现分析如下。     

急性胰腺炎的CT表现及其临床价值

目的 探讨急性胰腺炎的CT表现及其临床价值。方法收集分析我院三年来经临床证实的64例急性胰腺炎病例的CT资料，观察其CT表现特征、病变范围。采用SiemensSomaton全身螺旋CT。全部病例均行腹部CT平扫，层厚8mm，层距8mm。其中45例做了增强薄层扫描。结果（1）胰腺弥漫性或局限性肿大64例；（2）胰内单个或多个小斑片状无强化低密度灶8例；（3）胰内局限性高密度灶2例；（4）胰周脂肪间隙模糊混浊，肾筋膜和胃后壁增厚60例；（5）假性囊肿形成5例；（6）胆囊炎、胆结石35例；（7）胸腔积液3例。结论CT检查是诊断急性胰腺炎及其并发症最有效的影像学方法。增强CT扫描能较准确地判断急性胰腺的坏死、出血及其程度，对急性坏死性胰腺炎的诊断及患者预后判断具有重要价值，有助于临床的诊断和治疗。     

Binswanger病临床特点与CT、MR分析

目的 :探讨Binswanger病 (BD)的病因、临床特点及CT、MR改变。方法 :对 5 7例BD患者的表现及CT、MR改变进行分析。结果 :BD伴有高血压病史 4 8例 (84 .2 % ) ,临床表现为渐进性痴呆、智能减退、假性延髓麻痹等 ,有神经系统局灶体征。常以脑卒中发作就诊。该病的头颅CT和MR均有局灶性或弥漫性改变 ,MR发现的病灶较CT明显增多。结论 :BD与高血压有密切关系 ,MR对BD的诊断率较高 ,早期控制高血压是治疗的关键。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.