胃小弯空肠侧侧吻合在腹腔镜胃旁路术中的应用

目的探讨胃小弯空肠侧侧吻合方法在腹腔镜下胃旁路手术治疗2型糖尿病中应用的安全性和可行性。方法回顾性分析2012年4月至2014年10月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院普外科腹腔镜下胃旁路术治疗的86例2型糖尿病患者的临床资料,胃空肠吻合均采用胃小弯空肠侧侧吻合方法。结果所有患者均顺利完成全腹腔镜下胃旁路术,无中转开腹。手术时间1.5~5.8 h,平均(2.7±0.9)h;出血量10~200 ml,平均(63.6±35.3)ml;术后住院时间4~29 d,平均(6.3±2.8)d。围术期未出现胃空肠吻合口出血、瘘及狭窄。1例小肠Y吻合口出血行二次手术。术后随访3~30个月,有7例发生不全肠梗阻症状,1例因胃空肠吻合口狭窄行二次手术,2例出现体重指数低于18.5 kg/m2,2例患者出现缺铁性贫血。术后3、6、12、24个月体重指数较术前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后3、6、12、24个月在停服降血糖药情况下,糖化血红蛋白7.0%的患者分别占73.3%、81.2%、71.0%、78.9%。结论胃小弯空肠侧侧吻合方法应用于全腹腔镜下胃旁路术治疗2型糖尿病安全、操作简单、易于掌握。     

腹腔镜全胃切除术后食管空肠侧侧吻合术12例

目的总结腹腔镜全胃切除术后食管空肠重建的方法。方法总结分析自2006年2．10月间对12例胃癌患者采用腹腔镜直线切割器成功施行食管空肠侧侧吻合术的临床资料。结果全组患者吻合过程均顺利，手术时间（247．0±13．1）min，其中吻合耗时（43．5±10．4）min，术中出血量（107．5±44．9）ml，吻合121距肿瘤近端距离（3．4±1．2）cm，残端均无癌残留。无手术死亡及吻合口瘘发生，术后短期随访无吻合口狭窄。结论腹腔镜食管空肠侧侧吻合法是腹腔镜全胃切除后一种简单、安全、经济的消化道重建吻合方式。     

胃前壁或后壁空肠吻合在腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃旁路术治疗肥胖合并2型糖尿病中的对比研究

目的:分析胃前壁或后壁空肠吻合在腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃旁路术(laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass,LRYGB)治疗肥胖合并2型糖尿病患者中的临床差异。方法:将2011年1月至2013年8月收治的80例18~65岁的LRYGB患者随机分为胃前壁组(40例)与胃后壁组(40例),其中女56例,男24例。均由同一术者施术。观察两组患者术中失血量、手术时间、术后排气时间、进食时间、住院时间及并发症发生情况。结果:术后随访3~52周,平均(28.0±7.4)周。无一例发生围手术期死亡。两组患者术中失血量、手术时间、术后排气时间、进食时间及住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术中均未发生吻合口漏,术后并发症发生率(肠梗阻、吻合口瘘、倾倒综合征、出血、肺栓塞)两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:LRYGB术中行胃空肠吻合时选择胃前、后壁对患者的影响差异无统计学意义,两种吻合方式均可用于腹腔镜Roux-en-Y胃旁路术。     

直线切割闭合器在全腹腔镜下胃肠Roux-en-Y 吻合中应用

目的：探讨直线切割闭合器在全腹腔镜下胃肠 Roux-en-Y 吻合中应用的可行性与安全性。方法回顾性分析2011年11月至2014年2月间在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院普通外科全腹腔镜下21例胃远端切除患者的临床和随访资料,其中消化道重建全部采用了使用直线切割闭合器胃肠 Roux-en-Y 吻合。结果所有病例均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹。20例逆蠕动胃肠 Roux-en-Y吻合时间25-40（32.1±5.5）min,1例顺蠕动胃肠 Roux-en-Y 吻合时间为35 min。1例逆蠕动胃肠 Roux-en-Y 吻合患者术后第4天进食,术后6 d 出现胃排空障碍,经保守治疗术后12 d 缓解。其余患者围手术期未出现吻合口出血、瘘、狭窄（梗阻）等并发症。术后随访2周~27个月,1例术后5.5个月因小肠侧侧吻合口狭窄再次开腹手术,其余未见吻合口相关的并发症。结论直线切割闭合器在全腹腔镜胃肠Roux-en-Y 吻合中应用,避免了镜下缝合操作,具有操作简单、易于掌握、安全等特点。     

胃上部癌两种不同手术方式比较分析

目的：探讨进展期近端胃癌不同手术方式对患者生活质量和预后的影响。 方法：回顾性分析4年间收治的110例胃上部癌患者临床资料,其中53例行近端胃根治性切除,保留远端胃,行食管-空肠端侧吻合、残胃-空肠侧侧吻合、空肠-空肠端侧吻合的双通道消化道重建（双通道吻合组）;57例行常规全胃切除,食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合（Roux-en-Y吻合组）。 结果：双通道吻合组与Roux-en-Y吻合组1,3,5年生存率分别为99.4%和98.7%,67.3%和65.7%,15.7%和17.2%,组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;双通道吻合组患者在预防倾倒综合征及反流性食管炎方面明显优于Roux-en-Y吻合组（均P<0.05）,两组间在术后梗阻、出血、感染等并发症方面无统计学差异（均P>0.05）;患者术后1年的体质量、血浆总蛋白、血浆白蛋白、血红蛋白等方面的变化双通道吻合组均明显优于Roux-en-Y吻合组（均P<0.05）。 结论：保留远端胃,行残胃与空肠双通道吻合治疗胃上部癌符合手术规范,不影响根治原则,提高了患者术后的生活质量,是胃上部癌根治术较理想的消化道重建方式。     

腹腔镜胃癌根治残胃或食道与空肠双襻加侧侧吻合术经验

探讨腹腔镜胃癌根治术残胃或食道空肠双襻加侧侧吻合术的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2018年9月施行腹腔镜根治性全胃切除行食道与空肠双襻吻合空肠与空肠侧侧吻合重建方式45例;远端胃大部切除行残胃与空肠双襻空肠与空肠侧侧吻合重建方式71例,共116例病人的临床资料分析。 结果116例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜胃癌根治术,无中转手术。术后发生胃排空障碍3例(2.6%),经有效胃肠减压,放置营养管支持等保守治疗5～21 d胃排空障碍解除。45例食道与空肠双襻空肠与空肠侧侧吻合重建方式无排空障碍发生。本组发生肺部感染6例(5.2%)、经治疗感染得到控制;发生脑血栓1例(0.8%),经积极有效对症治疗病情稳定;发生房颤4例(3.4%),经对症治疗缓解,无围手术期死亡。术后116例病人随访时间截止2018年9月(6 ～109个月),术后肿瘤复发4例(3.4%)。 结论腹腔镜胃癌根治术残胃或食道空肠双襻加侧侧吻合术,可有效降低术后并发症发生率,加速病人快速康复,其术后消化吸收功能和病人生活质量较好。     

加速康复外科路径下腹腔镜全胃切除术后完全腹腔镜食管-空肠π吻合的临床疗效

背景与目的：完全腹腔镜下全胃切除食管-空肠π吻合是一种新的腹腔镜下全胃切除术后全消化道重建方式,该方法与传统腹腔镜辅助食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术在传统临床路径下的比较已有较多研究,但在加速康复外科（ERAS）路径下两者临床效果比较的研究较少,本研究比较ERAS路径中腹腔镜全胃切除术后全腹腔镜食管-空肠π吻合术与腹腔镜辅助下Roux-en-Y吻合的临床效果。方法：回顾性分析江苏大学附属医院2017年6月—2019年12月65例行胃癌手术的患者临床资料,所有患者进入ERAS路径,均行腹腔镜全胃切除术,其中30例消化道重建采用完全腹腔镜食管-空肠π吻合术（π吻合组）,35例消化道重建采用传统腹腔镜辅助下食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术（Roux-en-Y吻合组）,比较两组患者的术中、术后及随访的相关指标。结果：两组患者术前资料具有可比性。π吻合组在切口长度、术后首次下床时间、肛门首次排气时间、进食时间、术后疼痛及住院时间方面均优于Roux-en-Y吻合组（均P<0.05）;手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫总数、住院总费用以及术后并发症,两组比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>...     

腹腔镜全胃切除术后不同食管空肠吻合方法临床应用探讨

目的 介绍完全腹腔镜全胃切除术后7种食管空肠吻合方法。方法 回顾性分析2011年12月至2015年6月广东省中医院胃肠外科收治的胃癌病人93例临床资料,接受全胃切除后行完全腹腔镜食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合,其中圆形吻合器法包括反穿刺、侧方置入、直接置入、荷包缝合及经口钉砧座置入装置（OrVilTM）,直线切割闭合器法包括食管空肠顺蠕动侧侧吻合（Overlap）和食管空肠功能性端端吻合（FETE）。分析术中及术后结果。结果 手术时间（293.7±85.3）min,食管空肠吻合时间（23.0±5.8）min,直接置入法在食管空肠吻合时间上略显优势,平均时间（18.2±3.7）min。术中并发症4例,术后并发症3例,均处理成功,无手术相关死亡。结论 7种完全腹腔镜下全胃切除术后食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合均安全可行。     

腹腔镜全胃切除术后食管空肠半端端吻合21例

目的探讨腹腔镜全胃切除术后消化道重建的新方法及其效果。方法对21例胃癌行腹腔镜全胃切除术后患者,采用食管空肠半端端吻合的方法进行Roux-en-Y消化道重建。结果全组患者均成功完成腹腔镜全胃切除、食管空肠半端端吻合术。手术时间（25±37）min,其中吻合时间为（51±19）min。术中平均出血量为（89±48）ml。术后住院天数（8±3）d。术后近期恢复良好。无并发症出现。结论腹腔镜全胃切除术后食管空肠半端端吻合方法安全可行,操作简单,吻合时间短．并可有效避免吻合口狭窄等并发症的发生。     

腹腔镜胃后、结肠后路胃空肠Roux—en—Y吻合术治疗单纯性肥胖症22例

目的探讨腹腔镜胃旁路手术方式中,胃后路胃空肠吻合手术方式的可行性和临床价值。方法2010年12月～2012年3月,对体重指数（BMI）≥35．0的单纯性肥胖症病例行结肠后腹腔镜胃空肠Roux—en—Y吻合术,随意分组,胃后路径22例,胃前路径38例。对比2组手术时间、出血量、术后住院时间、术后近期并发症发生率,术后6个月体重、BMI、多余体重减除率（EWL％）的差异。结果胃后路组手术时间较胃前路组长[（157．2±9．2）minVS．（144．9±12．1）min,t=-4．127,P=0．000];2组术中出血量,术后住院时间,术后6个月体重、BMI、EWL％差异均无显著性。胃前路组8例（21％）术后出现呕吐等上消化道不全梗阻症状,均在1周内缓解;胃后路组未出现类似并发症（P=0．022）。结论胃后路腹腔镜胃旁路手术是一种可行的术式,相比胃前路术式更符合生理,术后胃肠道近期并发症较少,胃肠道功能恢复较快。     

Omental Wrap: A Simple Technique for Reinforcement of the Gastrojejunostomy during Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Background Anastomotic leak is one of the most dreaded complications following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP). A simple technique for reinforcement of the gastrojejunal anastomosis using an omental wrap during laparoscopic RYGBP is described.We recommend this technique particularly in those patients at high risk for gastrojejunal leak. Methods A 20 ml vertically-oriented gastric pouch, based on the lesser curvature of the stomach, is created using linear cutter staplers (endo-GIA).The gastrojejunal anastomosis is reinforced with an omental wrap (omental flap). The jejunojejunostomy is created 100–150 cm from the gastrojejunostomy, depending on the BMI. Results 124 laparoscopic RYGBPs were performed by the same surgeon. The omental wrap was successfully performed in all patients but two. There were no mortalities, leakages, or stenoses noted during follow-up. Conclusion During RYGBP, reinforcement of the gastrojejunostomy with an omental wrap is a simple, feasible, and protective adjunctive maneuver that can minimize the risk of gastrojejunal leak.     

Gastric pouch sero-myotomy for persistent dysphagia after roux-en-Y gastric bypass: Video report

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) is one of the most common bariatric operations done worldwide [1]. About 6.6% of the LSG is being converted to laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), most commonly due to inadequate weight loss (65%) and severe reflux (26%) [2]. The most common late complications after LRYGB are dumping, small bowel obstruction, internal hernia, weight regain, marginal ulcer, strictures of the gastro-jejunostomy [3] and rarely proximal stricture at the gastric pouch as our presented case. Treatment options for such a case may start with endoscopic dilatation and if not succeeded it may warrant surgical intervention as shortening of the pouch and redo of the gastrojejunostomy proximal to the stricture or even total gastrectomy and esophago-jejunal anastomosis. Sero-myotomy of the gastric pouch can be done as the same technique which can be used in sero-myotomy of sleeved stomach with stricture [4] and spare resection of the pouch.This report aims to present a new option of surgical management for proximal stricture of the gastric pouch after LRYGB which to our knowledge was never published in the literature.     

Modified hemi-double-stapling technique combined with the temporal abdominal wall-lift method for performing Billroth I anastomosis after laparoscopically assisted distal gastrectomy

The authors have used a modified hemi-double-stapling (HDS) technique for reconstruction after laparoscopically assisted distal gastrectomy. The stomach is resected from the greater curvature side using a linear stapler inserted into the stomach from that side at a position vertical to the line of the greater curvature. Resection of the stomach is performed by extending the resection line to the lesser curvature using laparoscopic coagulating shears. The resected specimen is examined. After placement of a purse-string suture at the duodenal stump, an anvil is inserted into the stump, and an additional suture with 2-0 silk is placed over the purse-string suture. A curved intraluminal stapler (CDH25) is inserted into the stomach through the opening made on the lesser curvature side, and the center rod of the stapler is passed through the gastric wall on the corner of the resection line at the greater curvature. Ligation with 2-0 silk is added to the center rod by suturing the gastric tissue 5–8 mm from the center rod to encircle it. The authors call this the “one-knot setup HDS,” and with this method, a large-caliber anastomosis is secured. In many cases, it is difficult to observe the anastomotic site through the small incisional opening. However, under laparoscopy with the temporal abdominal wall-lift method using the Multi Flap Gate, the anastomotic site can be easily and safely observed. One-knot setup HDS combined with the temporal abdominal wall-lift method is considered a safe and simple method for performing Billroth I anastomosis in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy.     

网膜囊路径腹腔镜胃后壁间质瘤切除8例报告

目的探讨腹腔镜网膜囊路径切除法治疗胃后壁胃间质瘤（gastric stromal tumor,GST）的可行性。方法2006年9月～2011年9月腹腔镜下网膜囊路径切除胃后壁GST 8例。4例位于胃体后壁胃大弯,2例位于胃体后壁胃小弯,1例位于胃窦后壁,1例位于胃后壁靠近贲门。位于胃体后壁靠近胃大小弯的间质瘤,离断胃相关韧带,显露胃后壁,行局部楔形切除;位于胃窦或贲门的间质瘤,行远端或近端胃大部切除术,然后行消化道重建。结果 6例成功行腹腔镜下网膜囊路径局部楔形切除术,1例行腹腔镜下近端胃大部分切除＋胃-食管吻合,1例行腹腔镜下远端胃大部分切除＋毕Ⅰ式吻合。手术时间30～90 min,平均60 min;术中出血量20～80 ml,平均50 ml。术后2～6 d,平均4 d进食流质。住院时间3～7 d,平均5 d。8例随访3～62个月,平均32.5月,无复发和吻合口狭窄。结论腹腔镜下网膜囊路径治疗胃后壁GST可行。     

Utility of Divided Omentum for Preventing Complications Associated with Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass

Background Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass has emerged as a standard surgical treatment for morbid obesity. However, prevention of postoperative complications associated with bariatric surgery is an important consideration. Methods To reduce postoperative complications and achieve adequate body weight loss, we introduce a simple procedure using a divided omentum during laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The actual aim of this procedure is to prevent leakage from the gastric pouch or anastomosis and the gastro-gastric fistula because of reentry of the alimentary tract. Between February 2002 and April 2007, we performed laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity in 94 patients. In the most recent 83 cases, our simple procedure using a divided omentum was employed. Results These patients comprised 20 males and 63 females, with a mean age of 38 years, and a mean body mass index of 44.1 kg/m². At surgery, the omentum is routinely divided using laparoscopic coagulating shears before performing gastrojejunostomy to reduce the tension on the anastomosis caused by the route of reconstruction. After performing hand-sewn gastrojejunostomy, the left side of the divided omentum is moved cranially and interposed between the gastric pouch and the excluded stomach. The omentum is then sutured from the posterior aspect of the gastric pouch to the anterior side of the anastomosis. Conclusion Our procedure using a divided omentum during bariatric surgery is feasible and safe for obtaining better outcomes without artificial materials. Although the long-term outcome of this technique is still unclear, we believe that it will contribute to decreasing the particular complications related to laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity.     

Gastro-Gastric Fistulas and Marginal Ulcers in Gastric Bypass Procedures for Weight Reduction

Background: Gastro-gastric fistulas and marginal ulcers are frequent and serious complications of gastric compartmentalization procedures for obesity. Methods: The authors analyzed 810 patients after 911 operations for gastro-gastric fistulas and marginal ulcers over an 8-year period. All patients underwent a form of gastric bypass, in which a pouch is constructed along the lesser curvature of the stomach. The outlet of the pouch was restricted with a prosthetic band. In the first 189 patients (Group I), the pouch and stomach were stapled in continuity or partially divided. In the next 222 patients (Group II), segments were stapled and separated by transection. In the remaining 492 cases (Group III), in addition to transection of the stomach, a limb of jejunum was interposed between the pouch and excluded stomach. Stapled anastomoses were done in Group I and II patients and a portion of Group III patients. The remaining patients underwent hand-sewn anastomosis. Results: Gastro-gastric fistulas occurred in 49% of the patients in Group I, 2.6% of those in Group II, and 0% of those in Group III. In stapled anastomosis, the incidence of marginal ulceration in Groups I, II, and III were 8.5%, 5.4%, and 5.1%, respectively. In a subset of Group III patients, in whom a two-layer, hand-sewn anastomosis was done, the incidence was 1.6% when the outer layer was not absorbable and 0% when both layers were absorbable. Conclusions: Gastro-gastric fistulas and marginal ulcerations are likely the result of breakdown of the mucosa resulting from migrating staples and other foreign material. Lack of integrity of the gastric lining facilitates the action of the gastric digestive process. Transection of gastric segments with interposition of jejunum prevents gastro-gastric fistula formation. An intact serosa appears to block the digestion of bowel wall by gastric enzymes. Our early data suggest that the use of absorbable sutures at the gastrojejunostomy significantly decreases the incidence of marginal ulceration.     

全胃切除后双腔空肠代胃术23例报告

目的探讨双腔空肠代胃术的临床使用效果。方法回顾性分析2000年至2009年23例双腔空肠代胃术的临床资料,胃小弯癌肿上侧近贲门,下侧累及幽门窦部15例,胃小弯癌肿累及贲门而下侧近幽门6例,弥漫性皮革胃2例。其中高、中分化腺癌各8例,低分化腺癌3例,未分化癌1例,黏液腺癌2例,印戒细胞癌1例。双腔空肠间置代胃吻合术8例,双腔空肠代胃Roux—Y吻合术15例。结果全组病例于术后2周均恢复顺利,术后1个月均可进食普食,6个月后达到正常饭量（单餐100g）,体重恢复并维持术前水平16例,较术前减轻0．5～1．0kg7例。血红蛋白均维持在10g/L、血清白蛋白在35g/L左右。均经1年以上的随访,无肿瘤复发,双腔空肠问置代胃吻合术与双腔空肠代胃Roux—Y吻合术治疗效果无明显区别。结论双腔空肠代胃术是一种操作简便、效果良好的手术方式。     

全胃切除后食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合中带血管弓单管空肠的应用

目的探讨带血管弓单管空肠在食管胃结合部腺癌和胃中上部癌行全胃切除后食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合中处理吻合口张力的可行性。方法回顾性分析2012年12月至2013年4月期间,笔者所在医院应用带血管弓单管空肠处理食管胃结合部腺癌和胃中上部癌行全胃切除后食管-空肠Roux-en-Y吻合中吻合口张力过高问题的13例患者的临床资料,总结手术体会。结果吻合前空肠上提最大延长长度为（7.75±1.75）cm（4～10 cm）,吻合后空肠上提实际延长长度为（5.95±1.82）cm（3～9 cm）,延长长度实际使用率为（77.91±16.60）%（50.0%～100.0%）。术后发生急性尿储留1例,发生左肝下间隙脓肿、腹腔感染1例,无手术死亡或严重术后并发症如吻合口漏、吻合口狭窄、腹腔出血等病例。结论带血管弓单管空肠技术能够有效安全地延长空肠系膜长度,从而降低吻合口张力。该技术在临床实践中简便易行,在遇到吻合口有潜在张力风险时可考虑采用。     

全结肠旷置加回直逆蠕动侧侧吻合术治疗高龄慢传输型便秘

目的评估全结肠旷置、回直逆蠕动侧侧吻合术治疗高龄特发性结肠慢传输便秘的安全性和可行性。方法回顾性分析2009年5月至2011年9月间在武汉大学中南医院接受全结肠旷置、回直逆蠕动侧侧吻合术的13例高龄结肠慢传输型便秘患者的临床资料。结果13例患者中男5例,女8例,年龄63～82（平均74）岁,病程7～38（中位10）年。手术时间（55±4）min,术中出血量（30±2）ml,术后住院时间10～16（平均11．4）d,术后首次排粪时间为术后2N8（平均4）d。无手术意外及术后严重并发症发生。术后随访6～29（中位12）月。术后12个月患者每日排粪3-4次,无便秘复发或腹泻。术后14个月发生盲袢综合征1例。术后6个月,Wexner便秘评分较术前显著降低（5．4±2．1比22．8±3．3,P〈0．05）,胃肠道生活质量指数较术前显著提高（120．8±13．0比93．6±20．5,P〈O．05）。结论全结肠旷置、回直逆蠕动侧侧吻合术为高龄结肠慢传输便秘患者的一种安全、有效、简便的手术方式,可显著的缓解患者的临床症状。