自体半腱肌腱重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗踝关节外侧不稳

目的探讨自体半腱肌腱重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗踝关节外侧不稳的临床效果及安全性。方法对16例踝关节外侧不稳患者行自体半腱肌腱重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带手术,观察踝关节功能情况。结果患者均获得随访,时间1~3年。术后6、12个月摄踝关节内翻应力位X线片未见距骨倾斜,均未发生复发踝关节外侧不稳。术后AOFAS评分为83.52分±7.26分,明显高于术前的50.45分±4.58分。踝关节功能评定:优8例,良7例,可1例。结论自体半腱肌腱重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗踝关节外侧不稳疗效确切,安全性高,是一种较为理想的术式。     

慢性踝外侧不稳镜下清理联合外侧副韧带重建

[目的]评价踝关节镜关节清理联合自体腓骨短肌肌腱解剖重建外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的临床疗效.[方法] 2016年10月-2018年10月,对18例慢性踝关节外侧不稳患者,先行关节镜踝关节清理,然后用同侧部分腓骨短肌肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带.采用AOFAS和VAS评分和影像检查评估临床效果.[结果]18例...     

取腓骨短肌前部治疗距腓韧带及跟腓韧带陈旧性损伤的疗效分析

目的观察采用腓骨短肌前部治疗距腓韧带及跟腓韧带陈旧性损伤的临床疗效,寻找行之有效的踝关节外侧副韧带的重建方法。方法取腓骨短肌前部解剖重建距腓韧带及跟腓韧带,手术前后按踝关节系统评分(详见表1)。结果 27例患者术后平均随访12个月(5~24个月),在随访期间脚踝恢复情况良好,并且无明显复发情况。美国足踝外科(AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分由术前(51.3+3.5)分提高至术后(84.5±6.2)分,随访期间未发现踝关节不稳复发及其他并发症。结论腓骨短肌前部治疗距腓韧带及跟腓韧带陈旧性损伤,能有效恢复踝关节外侧不稳定,达到满意的疗效。     

踝关节镜探查并距腓前韧带重建治疗习惯性踝关节扭伤

目的评价踝关节镜探查清理合并腓骨短肌腱重建距腓前韧带治疗习惯性踝关节扭伤的临床疗效。方法自2007年9月至2008年10月,对13例习惯性踝关节扭伤患者行踝关节镜探查清理合并腓骨短肌腱重建距腓前韧带治疗。患者年龄16～54岁,平均31.5岁,术前病程3～36个月,平均11.3个月。所有患者术前有距腓前韧带不同程度损伤,关节滑膜增生,踝关节前侧关节囊撕裂。手术先行踝关节镜探查清理,外踝下小切口取部分腓骨短肌腱,腓骨上锚入式重建距腓前韧带。结果 13例患者术后平均随访12.5个月（6～21个月）,美国足踝外科（AOFAS）踝-后足功能评分术前56.3±3.5分（44～70分）,术后85.6±5.1分（78～96分）,且随访期间未发现踝关节不稳复发或其他并发症。结论踝关节镜探查清理合并腓骨短肌腱锚入式重建踝关节距腓前韧带,是治疗距腓前韧带损伤导致的习惯性踝关节扭伤一种安全、有效的方法。     

第三腓骨肌动力解剖重建外侧副韧带

[目的]介绍第三腓骨肌腱解剖重建外侧副韧带治疗踝关节慢性外侧不稳定的技术与临床疗效。[方法]回顾分析2015年12月～2018年01月采用第三腓骨肌动力解剖重建外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳63例。在第三腓骨肌肌腱远端止点处切断,向近端游离至远侧伸肌支持带近端,向下牵拉肌腱,于距骨颈距腓前韧带附着点放置锚钉,缝合固定第三腓骨肌腱。于外踝距腓前韧带及跟腓韧带附着点分别建立骨道并相通,将移植腱游离端穿过骨隧道,拉紧肌腱,Swivelock锚钉固定肌腱,重建距腓前韧带,再在跟骨止点建立骨道,将移植腱游离端导入,Swivelock锚钉固定,重建跟腓前韧带。[结果]随访时间为8～28个月。术后6个月,患者的AOFAS评分,应力下影像距骨倾斜角、距骨前移距离均较术前显著改善,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时,临床结果评定为优11例,良49例,可3例,优良率为95.24%。[结论]应用第三腓骨肌解剖重建外侧副韧带,创伤小,操作简单,临床疗效满意。     

自体半腱肌腱重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳

目的对应用自体半腱肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的疗效进行评价。方法采用自体半腱肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳12例,术后将踝关节固定于中立略外翻位6周．第7周开始去石膏行踝关节功能锻炼。末次随访时采用AOFAS评分对疼痛、功能、外形进行评价。结果疼痛评分：术前0～30分,平均（20．83±7．93）分;术后30～40分,平均（32．50±4．52）分;术后较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义（t=-7．000．P〈0．001）。功能评分：术前14～39分,平均（28．08＋9．19）分;术后40—50分,平均（48．17±3．41）分;术后较术前明显提高．差异有统计学意义（t=-9．413,P〈0．001）。外形无明显变化,手术前后评分均为10分。总分：术前26—79分,平均（58．08±16．76）分;术后80～100分,平均（90．67±6．48）分;术后较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义（t=-9．475,P〈0．001）。结论采用自体半腱肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带是治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的可靠方法。     

全关节镜下自体腘绳肌腱重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带

目的 探讨全关节镜下自体腘绳肌腱移植解剖重建距腓前韧带(anterior talofibular ligament,ATFL)和跟腓韧带(calcaneofibular ligament,CFL)治疗机械性慢性踝关节外侧不稳定(chronic lateral ankle instability,CLAI)的疗效.方法 ...     

距腓前韧带重建联合踝关节镜术治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳

[目的]介绍用第三腓骨肌腱转位解剖重建距腓前韧带联合踝关节镜下微骨折术治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳合并距骨骨软骨损伤的手术技术。[方法] 2015年12月～2017年5月25例(25踝)慢性踝关节外侧不稳合并距骨软骨损伤患者行手术治疗,所有患者均采取第三腓骨肌腱转位解剖重建距腓前韧带,踝关节镜下微骨折术治疗距骨骨软骨损伤。记录术后切口愈合情况及并发症发生情况,采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)评价踝关节疼痛程度,采用美国足踝外科协会后足与踝关节评分(AOFAS HA score)评价踝关节功能,并行影像评估。[结果]所有患者术后切口I期愈合,无神经损伤等并发症发生,术后均获得随访,随访时间12～30个月,平均(17.53±5.24)个月。末次随访时踝关节MRI显示重建距腓前韧带良好,修复的距骨软骨均较术前影像改善,VAS由术前的(4.15±0.93)分降低至术后的(0.99±0.80)分,AOFAS HA评分由术前的(55.60±4.21)分提高至末次随访时的(90.32±7.62)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]应用第三腓骨肌腱转位解剖重建距腓前韧带联合踝关节镜下微骨折术治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳合并距骨骨软骨损伤创伤小、并发症少、效果确切。     

踝关节外侧结构重建治疗踝关节外侧不稳

目的：探讨踝关节外侧结构重建在治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳中的作用。方法：回顾分析2005年7月至2008年1月收治的13例慢性踝关节不稳患者,男10例,女3例;年龄24～45岁,平均33岁。13例均采用自体半束腓骨短肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带（Sammarco法）,手术前后按踝关节评分系统进行评分,评分项目包括稳定性、疼痛、活动能力、X线表现。结果：13例均获随访,时间6～32个月,平均16.4个月,患者踝关节评分在稳定性、疼痛、活动能力等方面均有所改善,踝关节评分由术前的平均（43.54±7.04）分提高至术后的（73.38±4.17）分,手术前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。全部患者对手术表示满意。结论：采用半束自体腓骨短肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带及跟腓韧带的方法治疗踝关节外侧不稳,操作便利,对于以关节不稳为主要表现的患者,疗效确切。     

手术治疗踝关节外侧副韧带陈旧损伤26例

1995～ 1999年我们采用部分腓骨短肌腱重建韧带术治疗踝关节外侧副韧带陈旧损伤患者 2 6例 ,效果较好　材料与方法1.1　病例资料　本组 2 6例 ,男 2 2例 ,女 4例 ,年龄 19～ 45岁。前距腓韧带损伤 4例 ,跟腓韧带损伤 15例 ,后距腓韧带损伤 1例 ,前距腓韧带并跟腓韧带损伤 6例。并发创伤性关节炎 14例。病史最长 12年 ,最短 2年。检查 :向前应力踝关节侧位Ｘ线片示距骨内前半脱位 ,踝关节间隙增宽 >3ｍｍ ;踝关节前抽屉试验阳性 ;在健侧作对比下内翻应力踝关节正位Ｘ线片示距骨倾斜 10°～ 15°。1.2　治疗方法1.2 .1　前距腓韧带、跟腓韧带…     

Anatomical reconstruction of the lateral ligaments using Gracillis tendon in chronic ankle instability; a new technique

Background

Many surgical technique have been described to assess the outcome of anatomical reconstruction of the lateral ligaments using Gracillis tendon. This technique aims to restore the stability of the ankle by reconstruction of the talofibular ligament (ATFL) and the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) using the Gracillis tendon.

Methods

From January 2004 to February 2008; inclusive, 16 patients; 11 male and 5 female, underwent an anatomic reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligament for chronic ankle instability. Their ages ranged from 18 to 29 giving a mean age of 25 years. Patients were then subjected to radiologic and clinical assessments for a period of at least 33.5 months. For pain scoring the Americans Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores were used; whilst subjective symptom was evaluated using the Olerud and Molander ankle scoring system.

Results

All patients returned for the final evaluation and subjective excellent or good results were recorded on self-assessment, pain scores, AOFAS and Karissons scores. Additionally Olerud and Molander ankle scoring was also done. During the final follow-up, the mean post-operative AOFAS score was 96 (range 80–100), the Visual analog score was 6 (range 0–4), Karissons score was 94.7 (range 80–100) and last but not least Olerud and Molander score was 87.5 (range 70–100). It was noted that the ankle range of motion was not affected by lateral ankle reconstruction. The talar tilt was reduced from a mean of 12–4° (p < 0.0001) and the anterior drawer was reduced from a mean of 11–4 mm (p < 0.001) by the ankle ligament reconstruction.

Conclusion

Anatomical reconstruction of the lateral ligaments of chronic ankle instability using Gracillis tendon graft resulted in successful results, excellent ankle stability, significant reduction in pain and negligible loss of ankle and hind foot motion.     

Comprehensive reconstruction of the lateral ankle for chronic instability using a free gracilis graft

PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the results of a novel surgical technique for the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability using both a direct repair of the anterior talofibular ligament and a free gracilis tendon transfer to reconstruct anatomically the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments. METHODS: Between December 1998 and February 2002, 28 patients (29 ankles) underwent an anatomic reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligaments for chronic ankle instability. Patients returned for a clinical and radiologic follow-up evaluation at an average of 23 months following surgery (range, 12-52 months). Outcomes were assessed by comparison of preoperative and postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores and visual analog pain scores as well as a postoperative Karlsson score. A subjective self-assessment rating was also obtained. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative radiographic assessment including talar tilt and anterior drawer stress radiographs. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients (29 ankles) (100%) returned for final evaluation. Good or excellent outcome was noted on patient subjective self-assessment, pain scores, AOFAS, and Karlsson scores at final follow-up in all patients. Ankle range of motion was not affected by lateral ankle reconstruction. The talar tilt was reduced from a mean of 13 degrees to 3 degrees (p <.0001) and the anterior drawer was reduced from a mean of 10 mm to 5 mm (p <.0001) by the lateral ankle ligamentous reconstruction. CONCLUSION: In the present study, lateral ankle reconstruction with a direct anterior talofibular ligament repair and free gracilis tendon graft augmentation resulted in a high percentage of successful results, excellent ankle stability with a minimal loss of ankle or hindfoot motion, and marked reduction of pain at an average follow-up of almost 2 years.     

经皮踝外侧韧带复合体重建治疗慢性踝外侧不稳

[目的]探讨经皮功能重建踝关节外侧韧带复合体治疗慢性踝关节不稳的临床疗效。[方法]2014年1月~2018年2月,符合纳入标准的47例慢性踝关节不稳患者随机分为两组,其中,切开组23例采用常规切开术式重建距腓前韧带(ATFL)和跟腓韧带(CFL),经皮组24例采用超声定位,经皮建立骨隧道重建ATFL和CFL。比较两组间手术时间、围术期并发症、踝背伸-跖屈活动度(ROM)、AOFAS评分、VAS评分,应力位影像测量距骨前移度和倾斜度。[结果]术中切开组2例出现腓浅神经损伤。经皮组手术时间、切口总长度显著小于切开组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。切开组术后4例切口边缘处坏死,而经皮组1例切口渗液。两组患者随访26~30个月,平均(27.39±2.51)个月。术后6个月时,经皮组ROM显著大于切开组(P<0.05)。随时间推移两组患者AOFAS评分均显著增加,而VAS评分显著减少(P<0.001),但是两组相同时间点AOFAS评分和VAS评分的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。应力位X线测量方面,术后两组患者距骨前移距度和距骨倾斜角均较术前显著减少(P<0.001)。但是两组相同时间点在距骨前移距度和距骨倾斜角的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]经皮踝关节外侧韧带复合体重建治疗慢性踝关节不稳的效果与常规开放手术相当,但具有手术时间短、创伤小、并发症少的优点。     

Comparative results of conservative treatments for isolated anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) injury and injury to both the ATFL and calcaneofibular ligament of the ankle as assessed by subtalar arthrography

Background There have been no reports describing the results of conservative treatment of acute lateral ligament injury of the ankle in detail in terms of the severity of the injury, and the results of conservative treatment for injury with severe instability are still controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the results of nonoperative treatment of acute lateral ligament injury according to its severity. Methods Fifty-five consecutive acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in 54 patients who were treated nonoperatively were followed up as a prospective study. Twenty-seven were male patients and 27 were female patients; the average age was 23.9 years (12–55 years). The patients were divided into two groups according to the extent of the ligament injury: patients with an isolated injury of the anterior talofibular ligament and those with combined injuries of the anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament. In addition to the routine examinations for inversion ankle sprain, subtalar arthrography was mainly used to assess the condition of the calcaneofibular ligament. The arthrography was performed an average of 3.5 days after the injury (0–5 days). Results Fifty-five ankles of patients who were treated nonoperatively according to the same protocol were included in this study, and were followed up for an average of 5.0 years (37–86 months). At the time of the final follow-up, 22 of 25 (88%) ankles with an isolated injury to the anterior talofibular ligament were asymptomatic; in contrast, only 9 of 30 (30%) ankles with combined injuries of the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligament were asymptomatic. The average American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score of the isolated injuries was 97.8 points, in contrast to 92.4 points for the combined injuries. Conclusions The results of nonoperative treatment with 1 week immobilization followed by a functional brace were excellent in patients with an isolated injury of the anterior talofibular ligament, but were unsatisfactory in those with combined injuries of the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments.     

踝关节前向不稳定的韧带修复重建(附24例报告)

目的探讨踝关节外侧韧带解剖重建治疗踝关节不稳定的临床效果。方法回顾性分析我院2010年2月~2013年2月收治的24例踝关节不稳定患者的临床资料,采用韧带直接修复紧缩解剖重建距腓前及跟腓韧带。踝关节功能采用美国足踝外科协会踝-后足功能评分系统(AOFAS)进行评价。结果本组手术时间为78~102 min,平均(91.2±11.4)min;术中出血量为23.3~89.5 ml,平均(44.2±13.7)ml;术后踝关节活动恢复时间为12~33 d,平均(22.3±3.4)d。本组24例患者术后均获随访,时间5个月~2年,平均(1.2±0.3)年,均无复发。术后患者踝关节疼痛、肿胀及稳定性、活动症状均得到显著改善,踝关节背屈、下蹲活动均无受限,固定压痛点消失,无关节不稳定。术后AOFAS踝-后足评分平均(88.3±4.35)分,较术前(43.27±5.15)分有明显的提升,差异具有统计学意义(t=12.521,P0.05)。术后踝关节功能优良率为95.8%,较术前41.7%明显提高,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=7.193,P0.05)。结论采用韧带直接修复紧缩解剖重建距腓前及跟腓韧带治疗踝关节外侧不稳定,有利于恢复踝关节的整体功能,其操作简便,不破坏其他组织结构,伤口小,治疗效果确切,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

自体半腱肌肌腱结合界面螺钉修复慢性踝关节外侧副韧带损伤

 目的 观察自体半腱肌肌腱结合可吸收界面螺钉修复慢性踝关节外侧副韧带损伤的疗效。方法 应用同侧自体半腱肌肌腱结合可吸收界面螺钉修复慢性踝关节外侧副韧带损伤 12例,男 7例,女 5例; 年龄 23~39岁,平均(29.4±4.8)岁; 病程 3~6个月。于外踝处钻孔,穿过编织的自体半腱肌肌腱,肌腱两端以可吸收界面螺钉分别固定在距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带的距骨及跟骨止点处。术后 6个月摄 X线片测量距骨位置,以美国矫形足踝协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, AOFAS)踝-后足评分系统及足踝疗效评分(Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, FAOS)进行疗效评价。结果 全部患者随访 6~24个月,平均 12.3个月。切口均一期愈合。距骨倾斜角由术前 15.43°±1.35°减小为术后 6个月 3.28°±1.17°,前抽屉试验距骨前移距离由术前(7.82±0.61) mm减小为术后 6个月(3.71±0.41) mm, AOFAS踝-后足评分由术前(66.92±5.63)分增加至术后 6个月(93.25±2.67)分,FAOS疼痛、其他症状、日常活动、运动、生活质量五项评分分别由术前(64.67±5.00)、( 59.50±5.35)、( 65.42±5.02)、( 52.42± 4.68)、( 65.58±4.32)分增加至术后 6个月(88.00±3.46)、( 83.75±4.37)、( 91.42±3.80)、( 87.92±3.26)、(93.17±2.59)分,差异均有统计学意义。结论 采用自体半腱肌肌腱结合可吸收界面螺钉可以重建慢性踝关节外侧副韧带的稳定性,术后踝关节功能恢复良好,其强度能满足运动需求。     

Finite element analysis of the influence of anterior talofibular ligament injury on Hook test results

AimTo determine whether the anterior talofibular ligament injury will influence the Hook test result.MethodA three-dimensional model of the ankle was established based on CT scan of a healthy volunteer and ligament attachment through references; Four groups (A–D) of operating conditions were set up. In group A, the anterior and posterior ligaments of the inferior tibiofibular joint were cut off and the anterior talofibular ligament was kept intact; in group B, all the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments and the anterior talofibular ligament were cut off; in group C, the medial and lateral ligaments of the ankle joint and the inferior tibiofibular ligament were kept intact; in group D, only the talofibular ligament was cut off and other ligaments were kept intact. The proximal end of the model was restrained in all four groups, an outward pulling force of 100 N perpendicular to the fibula was applied, and displacement and rotation of the distal end of the fibula in the four groups was observed.ResultsWhen the inferior tibiofibular joint injury was associated with an anterior talofibular ligament injury, the Hook test indicated about 3.19 mm of displacement of the distal end of the fibula, and obvious external rotation occurred due to increased activity of the anterior border of the fibula. In the other groups, a single inferior tibiofibular joint injury or a single anterior talofibular ligament injury did not increase displacement or rotation of the distal end of the fibula.     

Double-bundle reconstruction of the anterior talofibular ligament by partial peroneal brevis tendon

BackgroundAnatomic anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) reconstruction with autologous single-bundle tendon has been widely used in the treatment of ATFL injury. However, there are few clinical reports of using the peroneus brevis tendon (PBT) for double-bundle ATFL reconstruction. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of double-bundle ATFL reconstruction with PBT.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with ATFL injury presenting from August 2019 to December 2021. Fifty-three patients were selected after screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The following data were compared before and after surgery: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, Karlsson Ankle Functional Score (KAFS), the pain interference (PI) and physical function (PF) scores of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), the diameter and width of PBT in ultrasound and muscle strength.ResultsAll functional scores (VAS, PI/PF, AO-FAS, KAFS) and muscle strength were significantly improved at the last follow-up (P < 0.05). The diameter and width of the PBT on ultrasound postoperation were smaller than those preoperatively.ConclusionDouble-bundle ATFL reconstruction with the partial PBT technique is a feasible, anatomic reconstruction technique for chronic lateral instability of the ankle, which meets the anatomical characteristics of the double bundle of the ligament, and the absence of partial PBT does not affect the peroneal muscle strength.Level of evidenceLevel IV, retrospective case series.     

自体半腱肌重建外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的疗效分析

目的 :探讨采用自体半腱肌重建外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的临床疗效。方法 :回顾性分析2014年9月至2016年11月采用自体半腱肌肌腱重建踝关节外侧副韧带治疗28例踝关节外侧不稳患者的临床资料,其中男20例,女8例;平均年龄28.6岁(18~47岁)。记录围术期并发症,并采用美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)踝关节评分标准评价术后功能改善情况,采用视觉模拟标尺法(Visual analogue scale,VAS)评估患者术后疼痛情况。结果 :28例患者均获得随访,时间6~28个月,平均18.2个月。围术期未出现医源性骨折及切口感染等严重手术并发症。末次随访时未出现踝关节不稳或踝关节活动受限,未出现膝部肌腱供区肌肉功能障碍。AOFAS评分由术前的53.1±6.8提高至术后的90.4±5.9,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。VAS评分由术前的6.3±1.7提高至术后的0.8±0.5,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用自体半腱肌解剖重建踝关节外侧副韧带手术方式简便,术后恢复好,无严重并发症,临床疗效好,是治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的可靠方法之一。