黄蜀葵花中黄酮类成分的含量测定及HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的采用高效液相色谱法建立黄蜀葵花的HPLC指纹图谱,同时测定其中金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、杨梅素和槲皮素的含量。方法以Diamonsil C18柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-4mL·L-1磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱,检测波长为360nm;采用指纹图谱相似度软件进行相似度评价。结果确定了黄蜀葵花的17个共有峰,建立了10批药材的共有图谱,并比较了样品中金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、杨梅素和槲皮素的含量。结论该方法灵敏度高,重复性好,结果准确。指纹图谱信息结合有效成分含量测定,可较为全面地评价黄蜀葵花的质量。     

HPLC法测定不同产地黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量

目的分析并比较了安徽四个不同产地黄蜀葵花药材中金丝桃苷的含量。方法高效液相色谱法,色谱柱Alltima C18（5μm,4．0mm×250mm）,流动相：乙腈-水-磷酸（175：825：1）,流速1．0ml·min^-1,检测波长：360nm,进样量：20μl,柱温为40℃。结果黄山黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量1．18％,RSD为2．54％;合肥黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量1．07％,RSD为1．62％;六安黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量1．03％,RSD为1．94％;毫州黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量0．92％,RSD为1.88％。结论HPLC法测得黄山黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量最高,毫州黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量最低,该方法简便准确,重现性好,为各地黄蜀葵花药材的进一步开发利用提供质量控制依据。     

HPLC法测定黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷的含量

目的 建立黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷含量测定方法,为建立黄蜀葵花药材质量标准提供依据.方法 采用HPLC梯度洗脱法测定黄蜀葵花药材中金丝桃苷的含量,用Supelco ODS-C18分析柱;乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液为流动相;流速:1.0mL · min-1;检测波长:360nm.结果 金丝桃苷的线性范围为1.20～38.20μg · mL-1,r=0.9999,该方法回收率为98.71%(RSD＝1.69%).结论 该方法具有一定的独特性,可用于黄蜀葵花药材的质量控制.     

含黄蜀葵花外用制剂的研究进展

黄蜀葵花为锦葵科植物黄蜀葵的干燥花冠,药用历史悠久.化学研究表明,黄蜀葵花的主要活性成分为黄酮类化合物,其中以金丝桃苷,槲皮素,异槲皮苷三者含量最高.近年来的药理及临床研究表明,黄蜀葵花具有广泛的药理活性,其外用可治疗溃疡以及烧烫伤.本文结合相关的药理作用机制,对黄蜀葵花外用的临床研究进展进行综述,探讨黄蜀葵花作为外用制剂的药用价值,为该中药作为外用制剂的进一步开发和利用提供参考.     

HPLC法测定降脂宁调脂抗氧化有效部位中金丝桃苷和异槲皮苷含量

目的:建立降脂宁有效部位中金丝桃苷和异槲皮苷的HPLC含量测定方法。方法:采用SunFire C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温35℃,流动相为乙腈-0.01%甲酸水溶液(15∶85,v/v),流速为0.8 mL.min-1,检测波长354 nm。结果:金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷平均回收率分别为100.0%和99.8%,RSD分别为2.6%和2.5%。结论:3批样品测定结果表明,该方法简便、准确,可用于降脂宁有效部位中金丝桃苷和异槲皮苷的含量测定。     

紫花杜鹃药材质量标准研究

目的 研究制定紫花杜鹃药材的质量标准.方法 采用薄层色谱法对紫花杜鹃药材中的槲皮苷、金丝桃苷进行了鉴别;采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对槲皮苷、金丝桃苷进行了含量测定,Diamonsil C18(200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm,NO.8022889)色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%磷酸(18∶82)为流动相,流速为1.0 ...     

HPLC法测定不同产地黄蜀葵花中黄酮类成分含量

目的:研究建立同时测定黄蜀葵花中多个黄酮成分含量的方法,并比较江苏不同产地黄蜀葵花中黄酮成分的含量差异.方法:采用HPLC法,以金丝桃苷、杨梅素和槲皮素3种黄酮为对照品,以乙腈-0.4%磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,在360nm波长下检测,柱温:30℃,流速:1.0mL·min-1.结果:对3种黄酮的方法学考察结果表明符合含量测定要求,三者在一定浓度范围内有良好的线性关系.结论:方法操作简便,结果可靠,重复性好,专属性强,可用于黄蜀葵花药材的质量控制.江苏境内黄蜀葵花中3种黄酮成分含量稍有差异.     

黄蜀葵花HPLC指纹图谱及金丝桃苷、槲皮素含量测定研究

目的采用高效液相色谱法建立黄蜀葵花HPLC指纹图谱并进行聚类分析,同时测定其中金丝桃苷和槲皮素的含量。方法以YMC-Pack ODS-A(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-1mL.L-1甲酸水溶剂系统,梯度洗脱,检测波长为360nm;采用指纹图谱相似度软件进行相似度评价,使用SPSS软件进行聚类分析。结果确定了黄蜀葵花15个共有峰,建立了12批药材的共有图谱,并比较了样品中金丝桃苷和槲皮素的含量。结论该方法灵敏度高,重复性好,结果准确。指纹图谱信息结合有效成分含量测定,可较为全面地评价黄蜀葵花的质量。     

正交试验法优选黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷的提取工艺

目的:优选黄蜀葵花中金丝桃苷的提取工艺.方法:以金丝桃苷的含量为考察指标,采用正交试验法对影响提取效率的主要因素进行优化.结果:最佳提取条件为10 70%乙醇提取2h 1次.结论:优化的提取工艺简便、合理,为黄蜀葵花提取物的制备提供了一定的理论参考依据.     

HPLC法同时测定黄葵胶囊中5种成分的含量

目的:测定不同批次黄葵胶囊中金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、棉皮苷、槲皮素-3′-葡萄糖苷和槲皮素的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为Zorbax SB-C18柱,流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸(梯度洗脱),检测波长为360nm,柱温为30℃,流速为1.0mL·min-1,进样量为10μL。结果:3个批次黄葵胶囊中金丝桃苷的平均含量为1.64%,RSD=1.09%;异槲皮苷的平均含量为1.06%,RSD=1.13%;棉皮苷的平均含量为3.87%,RSD=1.15%;槲皮素-3′-葡萄糖苷的平均含量为1.50%,RSD=1.22%;槲皮素的平均含量为0.08%,RSD=1.45%。结论:黄葵胶囊3个批次中5种黄酮类成分的含量相似,其中棉皮苷、金丝桃苷、槲皮素-3′-葡萄糖苷、异槲皮苷含量较高。该方法简便、准确、重复性好,可为黄葵胶囊提供质量控制依据。     

基于网络药理学和分子对接的黄蜀葵花干预糖尿病肾病的作用机制研究

目的 运用网络药理学和分子对接的方法研究黄蜀葵花干预糖尿病肾病的多成分、多靶点、多通路作用机制,旨在为其基础研究及临床应用提供依据.方法 通过ETCM、HERB数据库结合文献报道,筛选黄蜀葵花活性成分,并通过PharmMapper数据库预测其潜在靶点,建立靶点数据库.通过Genecards、OMIM、Drugbank、...     

中药黄蜀葵花化学成分的分离与鉴定(Ⅰ)

目的研究中药黄蜀葵(Abelmoschus manihot(L.)Medic.)花的化学成分,为进一步开发利用该植物资源提供依据。方法采用反复硅胶柱色谱、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱以及高效液相色谱等手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与波谱数据鉴定了化合物的结构。结果分离得到7个以杨梅素为母核的黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为杨梅素(myricetin,1)、杨梅素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2)、cannabiscitrin(3)、杨梅素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(myricetin-O-β-D-galactopyranoside,4)、杨梅素-3-O-芸香糖苷(myricetin-3-O-rutinose,5)、杨梅素-3-O-刺槐糖苷(myricetin-3-O-robinoside,6)、myricetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(7)。结论化合物4～7为秋葵属植物中首次分离得到。     

响应面法优化雪松松针中金丝桃苷的回流提取工艺

目的 优化雪松松针中金丝桃苷的回流提取工艺。方法 采用HPLC测定雪松松针中金丝桃苷的含量;基于单因素试验结果,以金丝桃苷含量为指标,根据Box-Behnken设计对影响回流提取的3个因素（料液比、乙醇浓度、提取时间）进行考察;通过响应面分析优化雪松松针中金丝桃苷的最佳回流提取工艺。结果 优化得到的最佳回流提取工艺参数为乙醇浓度60%、料液比1︰16（g·mL^-1）、回流提取1次,时间为100 min;在此工艺条件下提取得到的金丝桃苷平均含量为0.119 6 mg·g^-1,与预测值0.119 4 mg·g^-1的相对偏差较小。结论 优选得到的雪松松针中金丝桃苷回流提取工艺合理、可行。     

中药黄蜀葵花化学成分的分离与鉴定(Ⅱ)

目的研究中药黄蜀葵(Abelmoschus manihot(L.)Medic.)花的化学成分,为进一步开发利用该植物资源提供依据。方法采用正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱以及高效液相色谱等手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从黄蜀葵花体积分数为95%的乙醇提取物的大孔吸附树脂洗脱物中分离鉴定了9个以槲皮素为母核的黄酮类化合物,分别为槲皮素(quercetin,1)、金丝桃苷(hyperoside,2)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-6″-乙酰葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-6″-acetylglucopyr-anoside,4)、槲皮素-3-O-刺槐糖苷(quercetin-3-O-robinoside,5)、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷(quercetin-3-O-rutinoside,6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside,7)、槲皮素-3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,8)以及槲皮素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,9)。结论化合物4、5、7和9为首次从秋葵属植物中分离得到。     

Treatment of chronic kidney disease using a traditional Chinese medicine,Flos Abelmoschus manihot (Linnaeus) Medicus (Malvaceae)

The flowers of Abelmoschus manihot (Linnaeus) Medicus (Malvaceae; Flos A. manihot) have been used in China for many centuries as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of chronic kidney disease. The Huangkui capsule is a single‐plant drug extracted from the dry corolla of Flos A. manihot that has been approved by China's State Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis. The purpose of this paper is to review briefly some of the past experiences in rapid filtration and to present more fully a few facts brought out in recent studies. The primary chemical constituents of Flos A. manihot are flavonoids. In vivo, the flavonoids can be transformed into glucuronide–sulphate conjugates, which are the major metabolites of Flos A. manihot and could contribute to the renoprotective effects in vivo. Flos A. manihot can ameliorate proteinuria, podocyte apoptosis, glomerulosclerosis and mesangial proliferation. The renoprotective effects of Flos A. manihot are related to inhibition of caspase‐3 and caspase‐8 overexpression, reduction of the infiltration of ED1⁺ and ED3⁺ macrophages, downregulation of oxidative stress, inhibition of the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase and serine/threonine kinase pathways and suppression of transforming growth factor‐β1 and tumour necrosis factor‐α expression. Recently, a multicentre randomized controlled trial demonstrated that Flos A. manihot was more effective than the angiotensin‐receptor blocker losartan in reducing proteinuria in patients with primary glomerular disease. Because Flos A. manihot is generally preferred by Chinese patients and clinicians, high‐quality trials to test the efficacy and safety of Flos A. manihot are urgently needed.     

半枝莲和白花蛇舌草药对中总黄酮的提取及纯化工艺研究

目的 筛选出半枝莲和白花蛇舌草药对中总黄酮提取及纯化的最佳工艺条件。方法 以总黄酮提取率和浸膏量为评价指标,选择两者配比、乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取时间4个因素作为考察对象,L₉（3⁴）正交试验优选总黄酮提取工艺。然后结合静态和动态实验方法,以吸附率、解吸率为指标,确定聚酰胺树脂纯化的工艺条件及参数。结果 确定药对中总黄酮提取的工艺条件：半枝莲与白花蛇舌草药对的配比为4：1,25倍量体积分数为70%的乙醇,提取3次,每次2 h。聚酰胺树脂纯化药对中总黄酮的工艺条件：上样液中总黄酮浓度为63.14 mg/ml,pH为4.0,以1.5 ml/min的流速上样,先用流速为3 ml/min的3.1床容积（BV）的水洗脱,再用流速为3 ml/min的9.3 BV体积分数为65%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,测得总黄酮纯度为40.39%,转移率为81.57%。结论 优化的提取工艺条件稳定、可行,黄酮提取率较高。聚酰胺树脂纯化的工艺条件简便,效果良好。     

Conjugated metabolites represent the major circulating forms of Abelmoschus manihot in vivo and show an altered pharmacokinetic profile in renal pathology

Context: The nephron-protective efficacy of Abelmoschus manihot (Linn.) Medicus (Malvaceae) has been proved by randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objective: Flavonoids are main active components of A. manihot, which can be transformed into glucuronide/sulfate conjugates in vivo. Exploring the pharmacokinetic profile of these conjugates is necessary to further elucidate the mechanism of action.

Material and method: Flavonoid fraction of A. manihot (FFA) was extracted from A. manihot flower with ethanol. FFA (400?mg/kg) was orally given to normal rats and chronic kidney disease (CKD) model rats. Blood samples were collected at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 240, 360, and 720?min after administration. The plasma concentrations of quercetin and isorhamnetin glucuronide/sulfate conjugates were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS.

Results: In normal rats, AUC of quercetin–glucuronide conjugates, isorhamnetin–glucuronide conjugates, quercetin–sulfate conjugates, and isorhamnetin–sulfate conjugates was 459.45?±?192.70, 1153.01?±?697.04, 417.81?±?220.31, and 2475.19?±?1085.22?μmol?h/L, respectively. While AUC of quercetin and isorhamnetin was 5.47?±?2.54 and 30.73?±?25.95?μmol?h/L. AUC of the glucuronide–sulfate conjugates of quercetin and isorhamnetin is 125-times higher than that of aglycone (quercetin and isorhamnetin), showing that glucuronide/sulfate conjugates represent the major circulating forms of A. manihot flavonoid in vivo. AUC of isorhamnetin–glucuronide conjugates and quercetin-sulfate conjugates was 719.65?±?619.22 and 275.49?±?1 60.95?μmol?h/L, indicating that less conjugated metabolites were formed in CKD rats compared with normal rats. The ratio of AUC_{glucuronide/sulfate}/AUC_aglycone decreased from 125 to 104, which implied the impaired phase II metabolism ability in CKD rat.

Discussion and conclusion: Glucuronide–sulfate conjugates provide an important clue for further elucidating the activity of conjugated metabolites and their relationship with the nephroprotective efficacy of A. manihot. It is necessary to take caution when extrapolating pharmacokinetics parameters from healthy animals in designing pharmacological studies.     

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids of the strawberry tree - Arbutus unedo L. (Ericaceae)

The leaves and fruits of strawberry tree - Arbutus unedo L., collected from two separate geographic locations in Croatia were investigated to determine their flavonoid composition and content. Quercitrin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside and rutin were identified in all leaf samples by means of thin-layer chromatography; the fruits contained only isoquercitrin. Chlorogenic acid was present in some leaf samples. The content of flavonoids depended on the plant organ investigated, date of collection and the locality. Spectrophotometric determination of the flavonoids indicated that the leaves are richer in flavonoids (0.52-2.00%) than fruits (0.10-0.29%).     

鱼腥草不同溶剂提取物的抗病毒活性研究

目的 研究鱼腥草不同溶剂提取物体外抗手足口病毒（enterovirus type 71,EV71）、单纯疱疹病毒1型（herpes simplex virus type 1,HSV-1）、呼吸道合胞病毒（respiratory syncytial virus,RSV）、柯萨奇病毒B3型（coxsackie virus type B3,CV-B3）、柯萨奇病毒B5型（coxsackie virus type B5,CV-B5）的活性。方法 采用细胞体外培养技术,建立不同病毒感染模型,用鱼腥草不同溶剂提取物进行治疗,通过细胞融合病变观察法以及MTT比色法检测得到治疗指数（therapeutic index,TI）,以此判定其体外抗病毒活性。结果 体外抗病毒试验结果证明,鱼腥草不同溶剂提取物对HSV-1、EV71抗病毒作用较强,对RSV、CV-B3、CV-B5的效果甚微或无明显作用。鱼腥草醇提物中黄酮类成分含量较高,抗病毒活性相对较高;30%,50%,75%乙醇提取物以及水提醇沉处理沉淀物对HSV-1的TI值分别是81.68,67.23,41.91,32.61,均高于阳性对照阿昔洛韦TI值23.43,显示鱼腥草水醇提取物抗HSV-1的活性较强;75%,50%,30%乙醇提取物对EV71的TI值分别是19.58,20.13,18.84,效果较为显著。结论 研究证实鱼腥草提取物对HSV-1、EV71的抗病毒活性较高,可一定程度为临床应用鱼腥草治疗这2种病毒感染引发的疾病提供参考依据。     

Analysis and assay of flavonoid content in the vegetative and reproductive organs of the showy tick trefoil

We report here a many-year study of the qualitative and quantitative content of flavonoids in the reproductive organs of the showy tick trefoil (Desmodium canadense (L.) DC., Fabaceae) - stems, leaves, buds, inflorescences,pods, and seeds - collected at different phases of growth at the Department of Medicinal Plants, Kaunas Botanical Garden, Vytautas Magnus University. HPLC studies identified 15 aglycone and glycoside flavonoids: apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glycoside, luteolin, rutin, vicenin-2, vitexin, isovitexin, vitexin rhamnoside, orientin, homoorientin, quercetrin, quercetin, hyperoside, astralagin, and kaempferol. The largest quantities of flavonoids in the vegetative organs from year 2 to year 4 of plant growth were present in the leaves (2.64% and 2.61% at budding and flowering in the second year respectively), while during year 5 maximum quantities were present during budding, flowering, and the beginning of fruiting, during year 6 in budding, and during year 7 during regrowth and budding. In stems, the greatest flavonoid quantities accumulated during the second year of growth during budding and flowering (up to 0.61%). In the reproductive organs, the maximum quantities of flavonoids accumulated in the inflorescences during years 3 – 6 of growth, reaching 2.37% in the flowering phase in year 6. Thus, not only the herb part, but also the leaves of the showy tick trefoil can be used as raw material for herbal remedies. The optimum time for collecting leaves is during flowering, the onset of fruiting, and budding of regrowth after mowing, and the plantation lifetime is seven years.