九例腹腔镜解剖性肝Ⅷ段切除的可行性与策略分析

目的:探讨完全腹腔镜解剖性肝Ⅷ段切除的策略、安全性及近期疗效。方法:回顾分析湖南省人民医院2015年1月至2019年12月行腹腔镜解剖性肝Ⅷ段切除9例患者资料,其中男性6例,女性3例,年龄范围29～67岁,平均年龄53.6岁。观察手术时间、术中失血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症等指标。出院后随访生存和复发情况。结果:9例...     

腹腔镜肝切除治疗58例肝内胆管细胞癌的临床探讨

目的探讨腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)的安全性及可行性。方法采用回顾性研究方法。收集2016年1月—2018年12月湖南师范大学附属第一医院行腹腔镜肝切除治疗的58例ICC患者的临床资料。其中男性34例,女性24例;年龄34~71岁,中位年龄54岁。观察指标:(1)手术治疗情况:手术方式、手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血率、术中肝门阻断时间、中转率、术后并发症、术后住院时间、术后胃肠道恢复时间、围手术期有无死亡病例及非计划手术病例。(2)术后病理情况。(3)随访。采用门诊和电话方式进行随访,了解患者术后生存情况。随访时间截至2019年6月。正态分布的计量资料以均数±标准差(Mean±SD)表示,计数资料用频数和百分比(%)表示。结果本研究共纳入58例患者,其中48例患者在腹腔镜下完成ICC根治性外科切除手术,10例患者行腹腔镜中转开腹。(1)手术治疗情况:手术方式有腹腔镜下左半肝(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ段)切除,腹腔镜下右半肝(Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ段)切除,腹腔镜下右肝后叶(Ⅵ、Ⅶ段)切除,腹腔镜下扩大右后叶切除,腹腔镜下肝中叶(Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅷ段)切除,腹腔镜下Ⅴ、Ⅵ段切除,腹腔镜下左半肝(Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ段)联合肝尾叶(Ⅰ、Ⅸ段)切除,腹腔镜扩大左半肝切除,腹腔镜下Ⅵ段切除,腹腔镜下Ⅶ、Ⅷ段切除,腹腔镜左肝外叶(Ⅱ、Ⅲ段)切除,腹腔镜右肝肿块切除;手术时间(320.38±107.68)min;术中出血量(262.34±76.06)mL;术中输血率为0(0/58);术中肝门阻断时间(48±15)min;其中10例腹腔镜中转开腹手术,中转率17.2%(10/58);术后胆瘘发生率为6.9%(4/58),保守治疗、通畅引流(T管负压吸引)后痊愈出院;无其他严重并发症发生。术后住院时间(9.34±3.39)d;术后胃肠道恢复时间(1.84±0.57)d;围手术期内无死亡病例及非计划手术病例。(2)病理情况:术中32例行淋巴结清扫,术后26例病理结果提示胆管细胞癌未行淋巴结清扫;病理学检查结果显示,所有肿瘤切缘的病理报告均为阴性,4例淋巴结清扫并提示淋巴结转移阳性。(3)随访结果:58例ICC患者中,49例获得术后随访,随访时间为6~36个月,术后肿瘤生存时间为4~36个月,28例获得无瘤生存,17例患者出现肝内转移并多发淋巴结转移,4例患者发现肝内转移后行微波消融治疗,9例患者失访。结论腹腔镜肝切除经验丰富的中心,应用腹腔镜治疗肝内胆管细胞癌是安全及可行的。     

Total laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy performed in a child with benign liver mass

Despite the increasing number of recent reports on laparoscopic liver resection in adults, there are only rare reports on such a procedure being performed in children. The authors report here on a total laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy that was performed in a 5-year-old girl who had a cystic tumor of the liver. The operative time was 150 minutes, the estimated blood loss was about 100 mL, and no intraoperative transfusion was required. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 11 without any significant complications. The postoperative pathology of the specimen confirmed it to be a mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver with a disease-free resection margin. This case demonstrates that laparoscopic liver resection can be a safe and feasible operative procedure for the pediatric patient with liver disease.     

选择性肝血流阻断技术在腹腔镜左肝外叶切除术中的应用

目的 探讨选择性肝血流阻断技术在腹腔镜左肝外叶切除术中应用的可行性和有效性。方法 回顾分析18例术中采用选择性肝血流阻断技术实施腹腔镜左肝外叶切除术患者的临床资料。结果 全组均在腹腔镜下完成手术,无中转开腹,无围手术期死亡。平均手术时间（140±58）min,平均术中出血量（160±148）mL,均未术中输血。术后1例患者发生左膈下积液,术后并发症发生率为5.56%（1/18）,平均术后住院时间（6.4±2.5）d。结论 腹腔镜左肝外叶切除术中采用选择性肝血流阻断技术可有效减少术中出血和术后并发症,安全可行。     

Bloodless liver resection using radiofrequency energy

BACKGROUND: Liver surgery carries the risk of intraoperative bleeding. In order to avoid bleeding, transection of the liver can be performed after coagulating the parenchyma by using monoplolar or bipolar radiofrequency energy. METHODS: 236 consecutive patients underwent liver resection with the radiofrequency-assisted technique using either a monopolar or a bipolar device. Data were collected prospectively to assess the outcome including, intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion requirement, morbidity and mortality rates. RESULTS: There were 41 major hepatectomies and 195 minor resections. Overall mean intraoperative blood loss was 157 +/- 240 ml, while mean blood loss during liver transection was 90 +/- 105 ml. 10 patients (4%) received blood transfusion. 50 patients (21%) developed postoperative complications including 5 bile leaks (2%). The mortality rate was 2.1%. No patient was reoperated for postoperative haemorrhage or bile leak. The mean postoperative stay was 11 +/- 10 days. CONCLUSION: The radiofrequency-assisted liver resection technique offers hepatobiliary surgeons an additional method for performing liver resections with minimal blood loss, low transfusion requirement, and low morbidity and mortality rates.     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy for solid tumor in the posterior portion of the right lobe: initial experience

OBJECTIVE: To prove the feasibility of hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection for tumors located in the posterior portion of the right hepatic lobe. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Use of laparoscopic liver resection remains limited due to problems with technique, especially when the tumor is located near the diaphragm, or in the posterior portion of the right lobe. METHODS: Between October 2001 and June 2002, a total of 7 patients with solid hepatic tumors involving the posterior portion of the right lobe of liver underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy with the HandPort system at our hospital. Surgical techniques used included CO2 pneumoperitoneum and the creation of a wound on the right upper quadrant of the abdomen for HandPort placement. The location of tumor and its transection margin were decided by laparoscopic ultrasound. The liver resection was performed using the Ultrashear without portal triad control, with the specimens obtained then placed in a bag and removed directly via the HandPort access. RESULTS: The 5 male and 2 female patients ranged in age from 41 to 76 years (mean 62.3 +/- 14.4). Surgical procedures included partial hepatectomy for 6 patients and segmentectomy for one, all successfully completed using a variant of the minimally invasive laparoscopic procedure without conversion to open surgery. The mean duration of the operation was 140.7 +/- 42.2 minutes (90-180). The blood loss during surgery was 257.1 +/- 159 mL (250-500), without any requirement for intraoperative or postoperative transfusion. Pathology revealed hemagioma (n = 2), colon cancer metastasis (n = 2), and hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 3). There were no deaths postoperatively, with 1 patient suffering bile leakage. Mean hospital stay was 5.3 +/- 1.3 days postsurgery. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that laparoscopic liver resection using the HandPort system is feasible for selected patients with lesions in the posterior portion of the right hepatic lobe requiring limited resection. Individuals with small tumors may benefit; because a large abdominal incision is not required, the wound-related complication rate might be reduced.     

Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency-assisted segmental arterioportal vascular occlusion in laparoscopic segmental liver resection

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown laparoscopic liver resection to be feasible and safe. Segmental hepatectomy is appealing because it allows a reduction of intraoperative blood loss and blood replacement by dividing tissues along the anatomic planes. However, an effective technique that allows the closure of segmental vessels during systematic segmentectomies before resection still is lacking in laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: A simple technique guided by intraoperative ultrasound to facilitate laparoscopic liver segmentectomies is described. Coagulative desiccation of the vessels feeding the segment to be resected was induced by introduction of a "cooled-tip" radiofrequency electrode percutaneously under intraoperative ultrasound guidance at the level of the vessels. The intrahepatic parenchymal change induced by the radiofrequency was monitored using intraoperative ultrasound. After the application of energy to destroy the vessels feeding that segment, an area of marked discoloration on the surface of the liver became obvious. Liver parenchymal transection followed without any form of hepatic inflow occlusion. RESULTS: For this study, 10 patients underwent a segmental resection using the described technique. The resection time ranged from 40 to 60 min including the time required to destroy the feeding vessels with radiofrequency. The intraoperative blood loss was less than 50 ml and did not necessitate intra- or postoperative blood transfusion. The surgical margins of the specimen were free of disease. There was no morbidity or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary experience shows that the reported technique is safe and effective, with the potential to make even difficult laparoscopic liver segmentectomies for segments such as VII and VIII, easier to manage.     

Laparoscopic liver resection: results for 70 patients

Background Laparoscopy is slowly becoming an established technique for liver resection. This procedure still is limited to centers with experience in both hepatic and laparoscopic surgery. Preliminary reports include mainly minor resections for benign liver conditions and show some advantage in terms of postoperative recovery. The authors report their experience with laparoscopic liver resection, the evolution of the technique, and the results. Methods From 1999 to 2006, 70 laparoscopic liver resections were performed using a procedure similar to resection by laparotomy. Results There were 38 malignant tumors (54%) and 32 benign lesions (46%). The malignant tumors were mainly hepatocellular carcinomas (19 of 24 patients had cirrhosis). The tumor mean size was 3.8 ± 1.9 cm (range, 2.2–8 cm). There were 19 major hepatectomies, 34 uni- or bisegmentomies, and 17 atypical resections. The operative time was 227 ± 109 min. Conversion to laparotomy was required for seven patients (10%), mainly for continuous bleeding during transection. Nine patients (13%) required blood transfusion. One patient had both brisk bleeding and gas embolism from a tear in the section line of the right hepatic vein requiring laparoscopic suture. Blood loss and transfusion requirements were significantly lower in recent than in early cases and in resections with prior vascular control than in those without such control. Postoperative complications were experienced by 11 patients (16%), including one bleed from the hepatic stump requiring hemostasis and two subphrenic collections requiring percutaneous drainage. One cirrhotic patient died of liver failure after resection of a partially ruptured tumor. No ascites was observed in other cirrhotic patients. The mean hospital stay was 5.9 days. Conclusion The study results confirm that laparoscopic liver resection, including major hepatectomies, can be safely performed by laparoscopy. Presented at the 2006 Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Meeting, Dallas, Texas, 26–29 April 2006     

肝脏肿瘤的微创治疗——从腹腔镜到机器人

目的探讨完全腹腔镜、手助式腹腔镜及机器人三种微创手术方式在肝脏切除术中的可行性、安全性及适用范围。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院普外科自2004年9月至20l2年1月期间完成的微创肝脏切除术(minimally invasive liver resection,MILR)128例患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为完全腹腔镜肝脏切除术(pure laparoscopic resection,PLR)组、手助式腹腔镜肝脏切除术(hand-assisted laparoscopicresection,HALR)组及机器人辅助肝脏切除术(robotic liver resection,RLR)组,分别观察3组患者术中与术后恢复情况并进行对比分析。结果 PLR组82例,中转开腹3例,手术时间为(145.4±54.4)min(40～290 min)、术中出血量为(249.3±255.7)ml(30～1 500 ml),术后并发腹腔感染3例,胆瘘5例,经保守治疗后痊愈,无围手术期死亡,术后住院时间为(7.1±3.8)d(2～34 d)。HALR组35例,中转开腹3例,手术时间为(182.7±59.2)min(60～300 min)、术中出血量为(754.3±785.2)ml(50～3 000 ml),术后并发腹腔感染1例,胆瘘2例,切口感染2例,经保守治疗后痊愈,无二次手术,术后住院时间为(15.4±3.7)d(12～30 d)。RLR组11例,中转开腹2例,手术时间为(129.5±33.5)min(120～200 min)、术中出血量为(424.5±657.5)ml(50～5 000 ml),术后并发腹腔感染1例,胆瘘1例,经保守治疗后痊愈,术后住院时间为(6.4±1.6)d(5～9 d)。3组中,RLR组手术时间最短(P=0.001),术后住院时间最短(P=0.000),PLR组术中出血量最少(P=0.000),其差异均有统计学意义。结论肝脏肿瘤微创切除术安全、可行,临床工作中,需要根据不同的病例选择不同的手术方式。机器人辅助肝脏切除术为肝脏肿瘤的微创治疗带来了新的突破。     

Impact of radiofrequency assisted hepatectomy for reduction of transfusion requirements

BACKGROUND: Liver parenchyma transection technique using heat coagulative necrosis induced by radiofrequency (RF) energy is evaluated in this series. METHODS: Between January 2000 and October 2004, 156 consecutive patients underwent liver resection with the RF-assisted technique. Data were collected prospectively to assess the outcome, including intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion requirement, and morbidity and mortality rates. RESULTS: There were 30 major hepatectomies and 126 minor resections. While total operative time was 241 +/- 89 minutes, the actual resection time was 75 +/- 51 minutes. Intraoperative blood loss was 139 +/- 222 mL. Nine patients (5%) received blood transfusion, predominantly those receiving major hepatectomy (P = .006). Thirty-six patients (23%) developed postoperative complications, and the mortality rate was 3.2%. Mean hospital stay was 12 +/- 12 days. CONCLUSION: The RF-assisted technique is associated with minimal blood loss, a low blood transfusion requirement, and reduced mortality and morbidity rates and can be used for both minor and major liver resections.     

完全腹腔镜治疗结肠癌伴同时性肝转移的临床疗效

目的：探讨腹腔镜下行结肠癌根治术与肝转移灶切除术的安全性及疗效。 方法：选择2009年3月―2011年4月收治的50例结肠癌同时性肝转移患者,其中25例患者行腹腔镜下结肠癌根治术及肝转移灶切除术（腹腔镜组）,另25例在传统开腹手术（开腹组）。比较两组患者的术中情况、术后恢复情况以及术后1、2、3年生存率。 结果：腹腔镜组的术中出血量、术后镇痛时间、排气时间、住院时间及并发症均明显少于开腹组（P<0.05）,但两组的手术时间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者术后1、2、3年生存率差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。 结论：完全腹腔镜治疗结肠癌伴同时性肝转移安全可行,与开腹手术疗效相同,同时具有创伤小、术后恢复快、并发症少等优点。     

多措施联合的腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝癌合并肝硬化并门静脉高压症的临床应用研究

目的探讨多措施联合的腹腔镜肝切除术(LLR)治疗肝癌合并肝硬化并门静脉高压症的临床效果。 方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2017年7月经LLR治疗43例肝癌合并肝硬化并门静脉高压症患者资料,其中联合组(n＝23)给予多措施联合的LLR,常规组(n＝20)给予常规LLR。患者随访情况统计到2019年7月。选用SPSS 22.00统计软件进行数据分析。围术期指标用( ±s)表示,采用独立t检验;并发症发生情况采用χ²或Fisher检验。P<0.05差异有统计学意义。 结果联合组手术时间、术中出血量、输血量、胃肠减压时间和住院时间显著低于常规组(P<0.05),43例患者中,术后1周内共发生9例并发症,无肝功能衰竭情况发生,联合组术后并发症发生率20.9%(3/23)低于常规组30%(6/20),但两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合组截止至观察终点复发转移率为46.5%(11/23)小于常规组61.2%(12/20),两组患者截止至观察终点无病生存率比较差异无统计学意义(χ²＝0.637,P＝0.425)。 结论多措施联合的LLR治疗肝癌合并肝硬化并门静脉高压症安全可行,术中出血少、手术时间短、并发症少、术后复发率较低。     

腹腔镜右肝肿瘤切除术的初步探讨(附15例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜右肝肿瘤切除术的可行性、安全性。方法:回顾分析2012年9月至2014年2月为15例右肝肿瘤患者行腹腔镜肝切除术的临床资料。其中肝血管瘤9例,原发性肝癌6例。结果:12例成功完成完全腹腔镜下手术,3例行手辅助腹腔镜手术,无一例中转开腹。其中10例行肝右后叶切除术,5例行右前叶肿瘤切除术。术中13例需阻断肝门,阻断时间平均(17.3±3.5)min。手术时间平均(150±55)min,术中出血量平均(168±39)ml,术后平均住院(11.2±2.7)d。结论:腹腔镜右肝肿瘤切除术受技术问题、手术风险性、肿瘤治疗原则的限制,对术者腹腔镜技术要求较高,操作过程复杂,但在严格把握手术适应证、熟练掌握腹腔镜技术的前提下,肝右叶的肿瘤行腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除术是安全、可行的。     

超声刀在不同类型肝切除术中的应用选择

目的比较开放手术中超声刀法和钳夹法离断肝实质以及开放手术对比腹腔镜手术中应用超声刀离断肝实质对于控制出血的效果。方法收集2019年1月至2019年6月在复旦大学附属华山医院普外科同一手术小组因肝脏肿瘤接受肝脏切除手术的263例病人的临床病理资料。观察开放手术中超声刀法和钳夹法离断肝实质的两组病人,以及开放手术和腹腔镜手术中应用超声刀离断肝实质的两组病人,比较其手术时间、术中出血量、肝门阻断时间、术后肝功能恢复和并发症的发生情况。结果组间比较,病人基本的临床病理资料差异均无统计学意义;其手术时间、肝门阻断时间、术后肝功能恢复以及术后并发症发生率方面差异也无统计学意义。开放超声刀组术中出血量明显多于腹腔镜超声刀组[(285±76)ml比(207±53)ml,P=0.02]。虽然总体比较开放超声刀组和开放钳夹法组两组之间的术中出血量没有明显差别[(285±76)ml比(251±58)ml,P=0.27],但是分层分析显示在肝硬化较重的S2~S4级病人中,开放超声刀组的术中出血量明显多于开放钳夹法组[(323±82)ml比(263±63)ml,P=0.03];在脂肪肝病人中,开放超声刀组的术中出血量也明显多于开放钳夹法组[(309±81)ml比(259±71)ml,P=0.04]。结论超声刀在腹腔镜下使用较开放手术更能体现其优势,开放手术中肝硬化和脂肪肝较重的病人不推荐使用超声刀。     

腹腔镜肝切除术治疗复发性肝癌的围手术期和近期疗效观察

目的 本研究基于倾向评分匹配（PSM）对比腹腔镜肝切除术（LLR）和开腹肝切除术（OLR）治疗复发性肝细胞癌（rHCC）的围手术期和近期疗效,探讨其治疗安全性、有效性和临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2021年12月在温州市人民医院接受手术治疗的49例rHCC患者,按照手术方式分为LLR组（27例）和OLR组（22例）,通过倾向性评分匹配（PSM）筛选出34例用于数据分析,比较两组的临床基本资料、围手术期结果和术后复发情况。结果 PSM前,OLR组肿瘤大小、术中出血量和输血量、术后并发症发生率、住院时间均明显高于LLR组（P<0.05）。PSM后,两组在肿瘤大小、术中输血量和术后并发症发生率方面均无统计学差异,但LLR组术中出血量和术后住院时间明显少于OLR组（P<0.05）。两组无复发生存期（RFS）差异无统计学意义（P=0.383）。结论 LLR治疗rHCC可减少术中出血量和输血量,减少并发症发生率,缩短住院时间,围手术期和近期疗效优于OLR。在严格掌握手术适应证的前提下,LLR具有良好的安全可行性。     

肝脏良恶性肿瘤行腹腔镜解剖性肝左外叶切除术的初步经验

目的 初步总结肝脏良恶性肿瘤行腹腔镜解剖性肝左外叶切除的安全性及疗效.方法 2005年4月至2008年5月共对11例肝脏良恶性肿瘤患者行腹腔镜下解剖性肝左外叶切除术(男性7例、女性4例,平均年龄51.7岁).其中原发性肝癌4例,伴不周程度肝硬化;结肠癌术后转移性肝癌1例;肝血管瘤5例(2例合并胆囊结石同时切除胆囊);巨大肝血平滑肌脂肪瘤1例.肿瘤最大径2.1～12.0 com,平均5.8cm,所有肿瘤均位于肝左外叶(Ⅱ、Ⅲ段).结果 手术时间为120～180 min,平均147 min.无中转开腹手术病例,无输血,无手术并发症.术后平均住院5.9 d.结论 对于位于Ⅱ、Ⅲ段的肝脏肿瘤施行腹腔镜下肝左外叶切除术是安全的.     

腹腔镜切除肝脏良性肿瘤的初步经验

目的 初步分析腹腔镜下肝脏良性疾病手术切除的疗效.方法 2005年4月至2006年12月共对15例肝脏良性肿瘤病人行腹腔镜下肝切除,可分为两类:肝囊肿(n=9例)和肝脏实质肿瘤(n=6例).包括肝孤屯性大囊肿4例、多发囊肿4例、多囊肝1例、血管瘤3例、局灶性结节性增生1例、肝结核瘤1例、肝脂肪瘤I例.结果 所有操作均在全腹腔镜下完成,最大囊肿平均大小13(7～27)cm,实质肿瘤平均大小4.3(2.5～7)cm,无中转开腹手术病例,无输血,平均手术时间88 min.无手术死亡.手术并发症包括手术区积液及肺炎1例(6.7%).术后平均住院天数4(2～7)d.结论 对于肝脏良性肿瘤腹腔镜下肝切除是安全的,腹腔镜外科的技术和器械的迅速发展改变肝脏良性肿瘤治疗模式.     

腹腔镜切除78例肝肿瘤的临床研究

目的探讨腹腔镜肝切除（LH）的安全性、可行性和微创性。方法在2003年11月至2009年3月期间,选择78例患者行腹腔镜肝脏切除术。其中原发性肝癌39例、继发性肝癌10例、肝脏良性肿瘤29例。对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果78例肝切除手术在腔镜下全部顺利完成,无中转开腹手术。病灶分别位于Ⅱ（16例）、Ⅲ（24例）、Ⅳ（11例）、Ⅴ（11例）、Ⅵ（9例）、Ⅷ（4例）、Ⅰ（3例）等肝;病灶大小范围0.8～15cm;3个病灶4例、2个病灶8例、其余66例均为单病灶。术前肝功能Child‘A级者52例、Child’B级22例、Child’C级4例。术式包括：左半肝切除7例、左外叶切除14例、肝段切除11例、局部切除39例、腹腔镜直肠癌切除同时行肝转移灶切除7例。断肝方式为超声刀＋LigaSure联合分离法,结合内镜下切割缝合器,不阻断第1肝门。仅4例患者需要输血（400～800ml）。术后无创面出血及胆漏等并发症。术后肝功能多在1周左右恢复至手术前水平,无肝功能衰竭发生。结论（1）由于腹腔镜肝切除技术难度大,手术适应证应严格选择,病灶大小和位置是主要的参考指标;（2）腹腔镜肝切除手术对结直肠癌合并局部肝转移和肝功能Child’C级的病例具有较好的微创优势;（3）超声刀＋Ligasure联合断肝方法具有止血效果好、解剖结构清晰、术后创面渗出少、肝功能损害轻的优点;（4）手术者应具有丰富的开腹肝切除的经验和娴熟的腹腔镜操作技巧,同时应具备处理肝切除后各种并发症的能力。     

腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌37例临床分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术治疗合并乙型肝炎后肝硬化的肝细胞癌的技术要点和近期疗效.方法 2007年3月1日至2008年9月30日西南医院对37例合并乙型肝炎后肝硬化的肝细胞癌患者施行腹腔镜肝切除术.结果 37例患者中32例完成全腹腔镜肝切除术,3例完成手助式腹腔镜肝切除术,2例中转开腹.解剖性肝切除23例,包括左半肝切除4例,左外叶切除8例,超左半肝切除1例,右半肝切除2例,单肝段切除8例;非解剖性肝切除术14例,其中10例在区域性半肝血流阻断条件下手术.本组患者平均手术时间212 min,平均术中出血量354 ml.全组无1例手术死亡,术后出现腹水和胸腔积液3例、肝断面包裹性积液2例、腹腔内出血1例.术后1～2 d下床活动,5～7 d肝功恢复正常,平均术后住院时间8 d.随访2～21个月,3例出现肝内非原位复发,其中1例术后8个月死亡,2例带瘤生存至今. 结论腹腔镜肝切除术治疗合并乙型肝炎后肝硬化的肝细胞癌安全可行.技术要点是根据病变大小、部位及肝硬化程度选择不同的肝切除方式及肝血流阻断方式,肝实质离断过程巾联合使用以超声刀为主的多种器材,妥善处理肝断面.     

大功率高频电刀在肝细胞癌肝切除术中的应用

目的:探讨高频电刀在肝细胞癌(HCC)肝切除术中的应用价值。方法:将386例HCC患者分为观察组(n=199)和对照组(n=187),观察组采用120 W电凝输出功率电刀进行肝切除术,对照组采用钳夹法加超声刀肝切除。比较两组术中肝门阻断时间、手术时长、术中出血量、术中及术后输红细胞情况及术后引流、肝功能改变、术后并发症、术后住院时间等指标。结果:所有患者均顺利完成手术,观察组术中未出现因大功率高频电流引起的灼伤、心电异常等。与对照组比较,观察组手术时间(192.79 min vs.212.10 min)、肝门阻断时间(5.17 min vs.14.65 min)、术后并发症发生率(21.1%vs.34.2%)、术后红细胞输注率(25.7%vs.36.7%)、术后住院时间(8.87 d vs.12.15 d)均明显减少(均P0.05),但术中出血量(378.56 mL vs.412.75 mL)、术中红细胞输注率(7.5%vs.7.5%)、术后拔管时间(5.83 d vs.6.29 d)无统计学差异(P0.05);观察组术后1、3 d部分肝功能指标优于对照组(均P0.05)。两组术后1、2、3年总生存率差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:大功率高频电刀用于HCC肝切除术切肝速度快、止血效果好,使用安全可靠。