多元化治疗复发性膀胱肿瘤的18例

目的:探讨复发性膀胱肿瘤的治疗途径,延长患者的生存时间、提高生活质量.方法:对18例有全膀胱切除指征,接受膀胱全切的浸润性、多发性和复发性膀胱肿瘤患者进行保留膀胱的治疗,采用骼内动脉化疗及栓塞、经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切结合术后膀胱灌注等多元化治疗方法.在硬外麻或椎管内麻醉下行经尿道膀胱内肿瘤汽化电切术(TURBt).结果:18例患者经本综合方法治疗,10例(55.6%)仅一个疗程因微小病灶复发进入了第二个疗程,15例(83.3%)经膀胱镜检查未见复发,1例(0.06%)因双肾转移死亡,2例因非肿瘤原因发生死亡.结论:骼内动脉化疗栓塞联合TURBt加膀胱内灌注化疗的多元化治疗方法,结合对症处理、规律的随访,为复发性膀胱癌患者提供了一种较为安全有效的治疗方法.     

经颈动脉灌注尼莫司汀和依托泊苷治疗脑恶性胶质瘤164例

目的评价经颈动脉灌注尼莫司汀(ACNU)+依托泊苷(VM-26)联合对复发性脑胶质瘤的疗效及安全性。方法治疗组为幕上颈内动脉供血范围的复发性脑胶质瘤164例,肿瘤同侧颈总动脉ACNU、VM-26联合灌注化疗。对照组为复发性脑胶质瘤26例,口服司莫司汀(CCNU)治疗结果颈动脉灌注治疗的CR、PR高于对照组(P<0.05);生存期也长于对照组(P<0.05)。结论。经颈动脉灌注ACNU、VM-26治疗复发性脑胶质瘤疗效高,副作用小,安全可靠,可作为常规化疗手段。     

中晚期肝内胆管细胞癌介入治疗的临床疗效分析

目的 评价中晚期肝内胆管细胞癌(ICC)介入治疗效果及分析影响疗效的因素.方法 回顾性分析2007年9月至2014年12月经病理诊断为肝内胆管细胞癌77例患者的临床资料.其中,51例行介入治疗,包括TACE及TACE联合射频消融(RFA)或125I粒子植入术(归为介入组),26例行全身静脉化疗(化疗组).统计分析ICC介入治疗患者的总生存期、肿瘤客观反应率及影响介入疗效的相关因素,同时观察介入治疗后的不良反应和并发症.结果 介入组6、12和18个月生存率分别为70.6％、50.5％和35.4％,中位生存期为12.1个月(95％CI 8.43～15.77);肿瘤客观缓解率及疾病控制率分别为29.4％、70.6％.化疗组6、12和18个月年生存率分别为46.2％、7.7％和0,中位生存期为5.5个月(95％CI 3.38～7.61).单因素分析显示介入治疗组患者中位生存期显著高于化疗组(P＜0.05).对影响介入组患者预后多因素分析显示,血清CA125水平、TNM分期及是否有外科根治术史是影响这类患者预后的独立因素.介入治疗的不良反应主要为骨髓抑制、栓塞后综合征及肝功能损害,均为Ⅰ、Ⅱ级.未出现与介入治疗相关的严重并发症.结论 中晚期ICC行介入治疗是安全可行的,可以控制病情进展及延长患者生存期.     

异环磷酰胺联合卡铂方案治疗复发性卵巢癌的临床分析

目的评价异环磷酰胺联合卡铂方案对复发性卵巢癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法将2010年10月至2014年1月,我院收治的68例复发性卵巢癌患者按随机数字表法分为应用紫杉醇联合卡铂方案化疗组(对照组)和使用异环磷酰胺联合卡铂方案化疗组(观察组),每组34例。化疗前和化疗每2个周期后进行临床症状、血象、生化和影像学检查,分别观察两组患者肿瘤缓解率及毒副反应。结果两组有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。药物毒副反应方面,观察组患者的腹泻、口腔溃疡等症状及白细胞减少的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论异环磷酰胺联合卡铂化疗方案治疗复发性卵巢癌疗效肯定,且毒副反应可耐受,可作为二线方案用于复发性卵巢癌的治疗。     

比较腹腔镜微创术式与Lichtenstein修补术治疗老年复发性腹股沟疝的临床疗效

目的 对比在老年复发性腹股沟疝治疗中予以腹腔镜微创术、Lichtenstein修补术的疗效.方法 选取所收治年复发性腹股沟疝患者共58例作为临床对象,随机分成2组,对照组(29例)观察组(29例).对照组予以Lichtenstein修补术,观察组予以腹腔镜微创术,对比2组的临床疗效.结果 两组在予以两种手术治疗之后,观察组的总体疗效(手术时间、术中出血量、VAS评分、术后的住院时间)优于其对照组.经统计学分析,存在着P<0.05的显著差异.结论 老年复发性腹股沟疝患者行腹腔镜微创术、Lichtenstein修补术治疗,其中腹腔镜微创术的疗效更佳.     

胃癌术后复发及残胃癌的供血动脉造影技术及介入治疗

胃癌为国内常见肿瘤,复发性胃癌及残胃癌患者一般失去再次手术治疗的机会。我们选择17例复发性胃癌和残胃癌患者,研究探讨残胃病灶的供血动脉DSA造影技术。寻找出残胃病灶的供血动脉后,进行灌注化疗和灌注化疗 碘化油混悬剂栓塞治疗,取得了一定疗效,为复发性胃癌和残胃癌找到了一种新的治疗手段。     

肝癌经肝动脉化疗栓塞及门静脉持续灌注化疗的临床研究

目的　将经肝动脉化疗栓塞 (TACE)和经门静脉植入化疗药盒持续灌注化疗药 (VPC) 2种方法结合 ,观察原发性肝癌(HCC)经肝动脉化疗栓塞和经门静脉植入化疗药盒持续灌注化疗药的疗效。方法　对照组 83例中晚期患者 ,用表柔比星 (EPI) 40mg和顺铂 (CDDP) 80mg与碘化油配制成碘油———化疗药物乳化剂 ,经导管向肝癌供血动脉注入 ,后用明胶海绵 (GS)颗粒栓塞该动脉。治疗组 5 9例中晚期HCC患者 ,用上述方法治疗后 ,再经皮下埋置式药盒经门静脉定期灌注化疗药。结果　对照组与治疗组有效率 (完全缓解 部分缓解 )分别为 45 .8%和 61.0 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,2组治疗后Ⅱ期手术切除率分别为 3 .6%和 11.9% (P <0 .0 5 )。对照组 1年、2年、3年生存率分别为 69.9%、60 .2 %和 2 0 .5 % ;治疗组分别为 96.6%、67.8%和 42 .4% (P <0 .0 5 )。并发症差异无显著性意义。结论　经肝动脉化疗栓塞和经门静脉植入化疗药盒持续灌注化疗药是治疗原发性肝癌的较好方法 ,能提高疗效     

125I与5-氟脲嘧啶联合应用治疗复发性甲状腺癌的疗效

目的探讨应用放、化疗粒子联合植入法靶向治疗复发性甲状腺癌的可行性、安全性及短期疗效。方法应用放、化疗粒子联合植入法靶向治疗甲状腺癌术后放疗后复发病人9例。在治疗计划指导下，经B超引导交替植入5．氟脲嘧啶(5-FU)缓释化疗粒子和^125I粒子。结果9例病人手术成功。术后6—9个月CT复查瘤体不同程度缩小，其中1例完全缓解，6例部分缓解，2例无变化，局部控制率为78％。随访8—26个月，现病人全部存活。结论放射性^125I粒子和5-FU缓释化疗粒子联合应用局部植入技术是综合治疗复发性甲状腺癌的较有效手段之一。     

肝动脉化疗或栓塞治疗胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移的疗效分析

目的 评价经肝动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移的临床效果.方法 对21例胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移患者,共进行77例次经动脉介入治疗,其中单纯经动脉灌注化疗54例次,肝动脉化疗栓塞23例次.分析临床疗效、影像学评价、无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)和并发症.结果 所有患者均顺利完成介入治疗,无严重并发症发生.临床反应为显效10例、有效6例、无效5例,总有效率76.2%(16/21);影像学疗效评价有效11例、稳定4例、疾病进展6例;PFS(15.0 ± 10.9)个月,OS(31.2 ± 17.4)个月.结论 经肝动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移安全有效,可作为不能手术切除患者的一线治疗方法.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合CT引导热消融治疗肝内胆管癌

目的 探讨rACE联合CT引导热消融(射频/微波)治疗肝内胆管癌(ICC)的疗效及安全性.方法 回顾分析2009年9月至2013年7月用TACE序贯CT引导下RFA/MWA治疗病理诊断的ICC患者14例,18个病灶,病灶最大径(多个病灶取最大径之和)2.2～7.2 cm,平均(4.2±1.4) cm.TACE随访病灶的完全消融率、手术并发症、无瘤生存时间及总生存时间.结果 15个病灶实现了完全消融,肿瘤的完全消融率为83.3％(15/18),中度并发症的发生率为6.2％,无严重并发症及死亡患者.术后随访6-～44个月,平均(16.0±10.3)个月.至随访结束,死亡6例(42.9％,6/14).完全消融患者的中位无瘤生存时间为17个月,全组患者的中位生存时间为20个月,1、2、3年总体生存率分别为82.5％、41.3％及20.6％.结论 TACE联合CT引导热消融可作为ICC治疗的选择之一.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.