Imaging Findings and Clinical Research in Interventional Treatment of Placenta Increta

目的 探讨胎盘植入的影像学表现及介入治疗方法和疗效.资料与方法 本组11例患者,术前作CT平扫、术前术后作超声检查、查血绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG),行双侧子宫动脉造影.治疗采用改良式Seldinger技术穿刺插管行盆腔动脉造影,明确出血血管后将5 F Cobra导管超选择插入出血侧子宫动脉,立即用明胶海绵颗粒和明胶海绵条栓塞.栓塞前经导管注入甲氨喋呤(MTX) 200 mg.结果 CT发现11例患者均有盆腔软组织包块,造影示子宫动脉异常增粗、迂曲,并见粗条状血窦及包块染色;11例患者栓塞治疗后植入性胎盘均在3～28天(平均12.3天)内自行剥离、脱落,其中3例1年后自然怀孕.结论 胎盘植入通过CT、超声及子宫动脉造影可明确诊断,经导管超选择性子宫动脉栓塞术是治疗胎盘植入安全性高、疗效肯定的方法.     

损伤性鼻腔大出血的介入治疗

目的 探讨经导管动脉栓塞术治疗损伤性鼻腔大出血的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析15例外伤或手术后鼻出血患者,经药物及鼻腔填塞治疗失败后,采用经股动脉穿刺置入导管后先行颈外动脉造影明确出血点,再超选择插管至责任动脉以明胶海绵或聚乙烯醇(PVA)颗粒栓塞治疗.结果 15例患者中9例为外伤后鼻出血,6例为鼻窦或副鼻窦手术后出血.14例用明胶海绵颗粒栓塞,1例用PVA颗粒栓塞,均1次栓塞成功,2～3 d后成功去除填塞物,无严重并发症.结论 经导管动脉栓塞术是控制保守治疗失败的鼻腔大出血的安全有效的方法,对于损伤性鼻腔大出血明胶海绵是首选的栓塞剂.     

胎盘植入的影像学表现及介入治疗临床研究

目的探讨胎盘植入的影像学表现及介入治疗方法和疗效。资料与方法本组11例患者,术前作CT平扫、术前术后作超声检查、查血绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG),行双侧子宫动脉造影。治疗采用改良式Seldinger技术穿刺插管行盆腔动脉造影,明确出血血管后将5 F Cobra导管超选择插入出血侧子宫动脉,立即用明胶海绵颗粒和明胶海绵条栓塞。栓塞前经导管注入甲氨喋呤(MTX)200 mg。结果 CT发现11例患者均有盆腔软组织包块,造影示子宫动脉异常增粗、迂曲,并见粗条状血窦及包块染色;11例患者栓塞治疗后植入性胎盘均在3～28天(平均12.3天)内自行剥离、脱落,其中3例1年后自然怀孕。结论胎盘植入通过CT、超声及子宫动脉造影可明确诊断,经导管超选择性子宫动脉栓塞术是治疗胎盘植入安全性高、疗效肯定的方法。     

导管栓塞术治疗消化道大出血的临床应用

目的：探讨导管栓塞术治疗消化道出血的临床价值。方法：回顾分析2002年1月-2005年12月间应用导管栓塞技术治疗的27例消化道出血患者，分别行腹腔动脉、肠系膜上动脉和肠系膜下动脉造影。对可疑部位则行超选择性动脉造影，一旦发现造影剂外溢和原发病灶，则超选择性插管入靶血管内行TAE治疗，栓塞剂为0．2—0．5mm直径大小的明胶海绵颗粒，必要时采用PVA颗粒。对十二指肠出血在胰十二指肠上动脉栓塞后，再行胰十二指肠下动脉造影如仍发现出血则应用同法栓塞。结果：造影见阳性征象者24例，其中21例患者成功完成TAE术，6例仅完成血管造影未行栓塞治疗。17例TAE术后24—72小时内无新鲜出血。止血成功率为80．95％（17／24）。结论：导管栓塞治疗消化道出血是有效而安全的，正确选择栓塞的靶血管和合适的栓塞剂及用量是成功的关键。     

超选择性动脉栓塞治疗顽固性鼻出血

目的 评价超选择性动脉栓塞治疗顽固性鼻出血的临床应用价值.方法 27例经常规治疗无效的顽固性鼻出血患者,采用Seldinger技术,将导管超选择性插管至颈外动脉分支内,造影证实出血部位后,采用明胶海绵颗粒或/和聚乙烯醇(PVA)颗粒行动脉栓塞治疗.结果 27例顽固性鼻出血患者均发现出血动脉,栓塞治疗全部成功,术后即刻拔除鼻腔填塞物,出血停止,未见严重并发症.结论 超选择性动脉栓塞术治疗顽固性鼻出血是一种安全有效的治疗方法,值得临床推广应用.     

经导管动脉栓塞术治疗腹部外科术后迟发性出血

【摘要】 目的 评价经导管动脉栓塞术（TAE）治疗腹部外科术后迟发性出血的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2010年5月至2019年6月采用TAE诊断治疗的腹部外科术后迟发性出血患者23例。术中动脉造影明确出血责任动脉,对动脉主干出血予以弹簧圈栓塞动脉远段和近段,对动脉末梢出血予以明胶海绵颗粒或明胶海绵颗粒联合弹簧圈栓塞。术后随访至患者治愈出院或院内死亡。结果 23例患者中造影表现阳性22例,阴性1例,阳性率为95.7%。阳性患者中动脉假性动脉瘤形成8例,动脉破裂伴对比剂外溢14例。所有阳性患者均接受进一步TAE治疗,术后治愈17例,死亡3例,复发2例,临床有效率为86.4%。术后1例死于肝衰竭,2例死于多脏器衰竭,2例复发患者再次TAE治疗后治愈出院,所有患者均未发生胃肠坏死和胃肠穿孔等栓塞并发症。结论 动脉造影结合TAE诊断腹部外科术后迟发性出血阳性率高,治疗效果确切,可作为首选方法。     

微创经皮肾镜取石术后肾出血的造影诊断和介入治疗

目的探讨微创经皮肾镜取石术后肾出血的造影表现及介入治疗方法。方法对42例微创经皮肾镜取石术后肾出血患者行肾动脉造影和超选择性动脉栓塞,术前、术后检查肾功。结果术前造影表现为单纯假性动脉瘤19例,假性动脉瘤伴动静脉瘘15例,造影剂外溢4例,阴性4例。24例钢圈栓塞,13例明胶海绵颗粒加钢圈栓塞,1例PVA栓塞,4例用明胶海绵栓塞,栓塞成功率100%。明胶海绵栓塞后复发1例。术前、术后检查肾功无明显变化。结论肾动脉造影及超选择动脉栓塞对诊断和治疗微创经皮肾镜取石术后肾出血效果优良,对内科治疗无效、造影阴性病例,按穿刺部位超选择诊断性动脉栓塞,可起到止血作用。     

Transcatheter arterial embolization therapy of bronchial artery aneurysm

目的:探讨经导管动脉栓塞术(TAE)治疗支气管动脉瘤(BAA)的价值.方法:搜集经支气管动脉造影证实的BAA 2例,根据形态及部位不同,行不同方式TAE治疗,并临床随访.结果:囊状动脉瘤1例(微导管能顺利到达并通过),其远端实施球形PVA微颗粒栓塞止血,输出端及输入端分别用弹簧圈阻断血流,复查造影示支气管动脉远端血流阻断,BAA未见显示;梭形动脉瘤1例(距离支气管动脉起始部较远),其远端行球形PVA微颗粒栓塞,近端加注明胶海绵颗粒栓塞,复查造影BAA未见显示.结论:TAE是一种治疗BAA的微创、高效、可靠方法,不同形态及部位的BAA应选择不同方式的TAE.     

鼻咽部纤维血管瘤血管造影及术前超选择栓塞治疗

目的探讨鼻咽部纤维血管瘤术前超选择栓塞的临床价值方法14例经CT和MRI诊断并为手术病理证实的鼻咽部纤维血管瘤患者,术前全部行双侧颈内外动脉及椎动脉血管造影肿瘤颈外系统供血动脉术前使用100～300μm明胶海绵颗粒或聚乙烯醇(PVA)颗粒超选择性栓塞治疗,栓塞后1～3d行手术切除结果14例患者,颌内动脉分支供血9例,颌内动脉和咽升动脉分支供血4例,颌内动脉、咽升动脉和颈内动脉分支供血1例所有患者颈外动脉供血分支微导管超选择性栓塞均获得成功栓塞后,8例肿瘤染色完全消失,6例肿瘤染色大部分消失手术全切率92.8%(13/14),手术平均出血约420m,l手术时间平均150min所有患者栓塞后均未发生严重并发症结论使用微导管术前血管内超选择栓塞鼻咽部纤维血管瘤,是一种安全有效的辅助治疗方法     

经导管动脉栓塞术治疗支气管动脉瘤

目的:探讨经导管动脉栓塞术(TAE)治疗支气管动脉瘤(BAA)的价值。方法:搜集经支气管动脉造影证实的BAA 2例,根据形态及部位不同,行不同方式TAE治疗,并临床随访。结果:囊状动脉瘤1例(微导管能顺利到达并通过),其远端实施球形PVA微颗粒栓塞止血,输出端及输入端分别用弹簧圈阻断血流,复查造影示支气管动脉远端血流阻断,BAA未见显示;梭形动脉瘤1例(距离支气管动脉起始部较远),其远端行球形PVA微颗粒栓塞,近端加注明胶海绵颗粒栓塞,复查造影BAA未见显示。结论:TAE是一种治疗BAA的微创、高效、可靠方法,不同形态及部位的BAA应选择不同方式的TAE。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.