室间隔化学消融术治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病的临床疗效分析

目的 评估室间隔化学消融术(alcohol septal ablation,ASA)治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy,HOCM)患者的临床疗效和安全性.方法 2001年1月至2015年1月行ASA的成年(≥18周岁)HOCM患者44例.术中实时监测静息和激发状态下的左室流出道压力阶差(left ventricular outflow tract gradient,LVOTG),并于术后3d,1、3、6、12、24个月采用超声心动图检测室间隔厚度、左室射血分数、二尖瓣反流程度、左房和左室容积、估测静息状态下LVOTG值,以及心功能状态、并发症和死亡率情况.结果 44例HOCM患者ASA术后即刻,静息LVOTG由术前(79.9±37.9) mmHg下降至(33.8 ±30.2)mmHg (P ＜0.01),激发LVOTG由术前(112.4±43.8)mmHg下降至(36.8±30.0) mmHg(P＜0.01).术后常规给予β受体阻滞剂,术后6个月随访结果显示,舒张末期左房容积由术前(113.8 ±50.3)mL下降至(97.6±45.7)mL(P ＜0.01),收缩末期或舒张末期左室容积均有明显增加,左室各节段收缩同步性升高,NYHA心功能分级有明显改善,且未出现严重并发症.结论 室间隔化学消融术治疗HOCM的安全性高,疗效显著,结合药物治疗可使患者长期获益.     

小剂量无水乙醇经皮腔内室间隔化学消融术治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病的疗效及安全性评价

目的:评价使用小剂量无水乙醇经皮腔内室间隔化学消融术(PTSMA)治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)的疗效和安全性。方法:12例症状明显、药物治疗无效的HOCM患者行PTSMA术,无水乙醇用量均小于2 ml[平均(1.8±0.2)ml],术前、术后7 d、术后6个月行超声心动图检查测定静息左室流出道压力阶差(LVOTG)、室间隔(IVS)厚度、射血分数(EF),同时询问患者主观症状并进行心功能评价。结果:术后7 d、6个月LVOTG分别为(20.6±4.7)mmHg、(17.7±4.3)mmHg,较术前[(67.2±14.1)mmHg]均显著下降(P<0.01);室间隔厚度分别为(18.3±3.8)mm、(14.1±1.5)mm,较术前[(23.4±4.7)mm]均明显变薄(P<0.01);心功能分别为(1.8±0.4)级(、1.4±0.5)级,较术前[(2.6±0.7)级]明显改善(P<0.01)。EF值无明显变化。症状均不同程度减轻或消失,未见Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞发生。结论:使用小剂量无水乙醇行PTSMA治疗HOCM安全有效。     

经皮室间隔心肌化学消融治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病近期疗效观察

目的:评价经皮室间隔心肌化学消融(PTSMA)方法治疗的6例肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)近期疗效观察。方法:6例肥厚型梗阻性心肌病患者,男4例,女2例;平均年龄(38.6±12)岁;病程(1~7)年,采用RAO 15°~45°体位投照下,确定靶血管后,向球囊导管中心腔内注入无水酒精,均放置临时起搏器,术中密切观察患者的心电图以及LVOTG的变化,术后所有患者均定期复查心电图及超声心动图,随访观察6个月。结果:术中消融第一间隔支者4例,消融第二间隔支者2例。术中有1例出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞,2例出现完全性右束支传导阻滞,均为一过性;随访观察6个月,所有患者均存活,无晕厥及心绞痛复发;经常规心电图及动态心电图观察,均无频发室早、短阵室速及其他恶性心律失常出现,复查超声心动图均提示原先肥厚的室间隔心肌变薄,搏动减弱,LVOTG下降,SAM现象消失,左室射血分数提高。结论:PTSMA治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病可使室间隔变薄,压力差降低,左室流出道梗阻减轻,患者术后的症状、体征以及超声心动图表现均较术前有显著改善,无严重并发症出现。这表明PTSMA是一种治疗HOCM的有效方法,其近期疗效可靠。     

Percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation in patients with hypert rophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Objective To evaluate theimmediate and follow-up results of percutaneous transluminal s eptal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyo pathy (HOCM). Methods Fifteen symptomatic, drug-refractory patients with HOCM underwent PTSMA procedu res with application of a myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) intra-proc edure. Before and after the procedure, clinical evaluations were obtained in al l patients, who were followed up for a mean period of 8. 6±3. 8 (6-20) months. Results Immediate left ventricular outflow tract gradient (LVOTG) reduction was achie ved (77. 93±22 mm Hg vs 14. 8±15 mm Hg, P&lt;0. 0001) after the procedure with a mean decrease of5. 75±2. 87 mm Hg of left ventricular end diastolic pressure (P&lt;0. 001). Follow up results revealed that ventricular remodelli ng occurred mainly 1-3 months after the procedure, but without evidence of ventr icular dilation and contract dysfunction. Heart function (NYHA) was greatly imp roved （3. 4±0. 5 vs 1. 1±0. 4, P&lt;0. 001) and exercise endurance increased . A renewed increase of LVOTG was found in 2 patients during follow-up. Conclusions LVOTG was greatly decreased in HOCM patients undergoing a PTSMA procedure, and t heir symptoms were greatly improved without cardiac complications during follow -up. Sub-selection and re-opening of target vesselswere the causes of rene wed increase of LVOTG, and this can be avoided with the accumulation ofexperie nce. This is a promising method for the treatment of symptomatic patients with HOCM.     

肥厚型梗阻性心肌病化学消融治疗近期疗效观察

目的评价经皮腔内冠状动脉室间隔化学消融术（PTSMA）治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病的近期疗效.方法 7例肥厚型梗阻性心肌病患者,平均（47.1±13.4）岁,均采用95%无水酒精行PTSMA,计算术前及术后经导管测定的左心室流出道压力阶差（LVOTPG）,术后所有患者均定期复查超声心动图,随访观察3个月.结果术前静息状态的LVOTPG为（92.7±24.3）mmHg,术后为（30.5±25.7）mmHg;消融前、后LVOTPG差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）.术前超声心动图示左室流出道（LVOT）为（7.8±1.3）mm,室间隔（IVS）为（21.6±3.0）mm,术后3个月复查超声心动图示LVOT为（10.6±1.5）mm,IVS为（17.2±2.6）mm;与术前比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.7例患者术后3个月随访均存活,无晕厥及心绞痛复发,心功能改善.结论 PTSMA能明显降低LVOTPG,改善临床症状,提高心功能,对治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病近期疗效确切.     

Left ventricular endocardial pacing predicts the reduction of left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient immediately after percutaneous transseptal myocardial ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy refractory to medication

Background  Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) carries an increased risk for sudden cardiac death. No data regarding the percutaneous transseptal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) and epicardial left ventricular pacing (LVP) were reported.
Methods  Seven patients with recurrent symptoms and increased resting left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient (LVOTG) after PTSMA and another 14 patients with HOCM without history of PTSMA were studied. Both resting and dobutamine stress echocardiography, PTSMA and LVP were routinely performed.
Results  In patients without previous PTSMA procedure, mild reduction of resting LVOTG was detected at 5 minutes after left ventricular pacing, and this reduction became significant at 10 minutes. All patients were divided into successful and unsuccessful groups according to their response to LVP. In contrary to patients in unsuccessful group, resting and R-S2 stimuli-induced LVOTG during PTSMA procedure were decreased dramatically ((9±5) mmHg vs (58±12) mmHg, (12±2) mmHg vs (113±27) mmHg, P<0.001). Analysis of Logistic regression demonstrated that only LVOTG level during left ventricular pacing was an independent factor predicting the reduction of LVOTG immediately after PTSMA (odds ratio (OR), 0.59; 95% CI 2.67 to 5.82; P=0.0002).   
Conclusion  Left ventricular endocardial temporary pacing plays a critical role in predicting acute effect on the reduction of LVOTG immediately after PTSMA procedure.

     

探讨肥厚型梗阻性心肌病特异性频谱对准确评估跨左室流出道压力阶差的价值

目的 通过研究肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)左室流出道连续多普勒频谱形态来准确评估跨左室流出道压力阶差(LVOTG)的价值,进而利用超声心动图评估经皮室间隔化学消融治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病的效果。 方法 回顾性分析2012年1月—2017年3月因胸闷、呼吸困难等临床症状于安徽医科大学第二附属就诊,经胸、心脏超声检查考虑为肥厚型梗阻性心肌病的患者19例,根据左室流出道特异性“蟹足样”频谱的前、后峰流速,计算出LVOTG,将行经皮腔内室间隔化学消融术(PTSMA)治疗时术中心导管测压与超声心动图测LVOTG的值进行比较。分析12例未行PTSMA治疗的患者和7例行PTSMA治疗患者术前的“蟹足样”频谱第二峰流速和二尖瓣反流速度,同时将患者PTSMA术前、术后的“蟹足样”频谱第二峰流速和二尖瓣反流速度对比分析,评估PTSMA的效果。 结果 所有患者左室流出道均测得特异性“蟹足样”频谱、室间隔增厚(13~23 mm)、均伴有不同程度的二尖瓣反流(轻-中度),均伴有二尖瓣前向运动(SAM征)。采用配对样本t检验方法分析超声心动图测量的“蟹足样”频谱的第二峰流速测算的压力阶差与术中左心导管测压结果,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05),分析行PTSMA治疗后效果,行PTSMA治疗后患者的LVOTG降低,梗阻程度减轻,二尖瓣反流速度也相应的降低。 结论 超声心动图左室流出道流速处测量的“蟹足样”频谱的第二峰流速可用来测算压力阶差,为临床治疗HOCM选择合适的治疗方案。      

Complications of percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

目的：评价非手术疗法,即经皮穿刺间隔心肌消融术治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病（HOCM）并发症。方法：72名有流出道梗阻症的病人,术前经心脏超声动图明确诊断。病人被施行导管手术,以无水酒精注入靶血管内。观察并发症并分析其可能的原因。结果：在主入酒精时,69名病人发生严重胸痛,在手术及术后围手术期间,19名病人有不同程度的心脏传导阻滞,其中一名病人呈现永久性完全房室传导阻滞,需植入永久性直搏器。束枝传导阻滞在本研究中非常常见,暂时性右束枝传导阻滞占50％,永久性右束枝传导阻滞占38.9％。6例（8.3％）发生急性下壁心肌梗死,一例（1.4％）发生急性前壁心肌梗死。在超过二年的长期随访组中,24例病人无一例死亡,至目前为止,该组病人的心功能没有进行性恶化。在本研究中,无论长期及近期观察,均无死亡发生。结论：心肌消融治疗肥厚型梗阻性心肌病最普遍的并发症是右束枝传导阻滞。最重要的并发症是心脏传导阻滞。心肌消融治疗方法是治疗HOCM的一种良好的非外科手术疗法。     

Cardiac electromechanical mapping in analyzing the mechanism of left ventricular remodeling immediately after percutaneous transluminal septal ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Background Effect of percutaneous transluminal septal ablation (PTSA) with ethanol injection on electromechanical remodeling of left ventricule still remains unknown. This study was conducted to assess the potential significance of cardiac electromechanical mapping (CEMM) in analyzing the left ventricular remodeling before and immediately after percutaneous transseptal myocardial ablation (PTSMA) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).Methods Eight patients with drug-refractory HOCM and 6 patients with hypertrophic cardiopathy (HM) without increased left ventricular outtract gradien (LVOTG) were enrolled into the present study. CEMM was undergone in patients with HOCM before and immediately after PTSA procedure, and in patients with HM.Results PTSA was successful in all patients with HOCM, LVOTG significantly decreased from (62.87±21.16) mmHg to (12.73±3.05) mmHg immediately after ablation procedure. Value of UVP in septal-base segment in HM group was higher than that in HOCM group ［(22.79±2.34)mV vs (18.54±1.76)mV］.In patients with HOCM, lateral-middle and -base segments had lowest value of UVP ［(15.93±1.11) mV and (15.83±1.07)mV］ before PTSA. Value of UVP at posterior-middle segment decreased from (23.58±2.21)mV pre-PTSA to (18.89±1.91)mV post-procedure, PTSA led to significant increase of UVP at lateral-middle segment. Septal region in patients with HM and septal-middle, septal-base, posterior-base segments in HOCM had lower value of local linear shortening (LLS) among all patients in both HOCM and HM groups. PTSA resulted in significant reduction of LLS in anterior region and at septal-apex segment. Anterior-base and septal-middle segments in patients with HM had lowest value of local active time (LAT), and significantly differentiated from that in patients with HOCM ［(-8.57±0.68)ms vs (-18.61±1.02)ms, (-6.75±0.37)ms vs (-21.90±0.96)ms, respectively］.LAT at septal-middle and -base segments in patients with HOCM was decreased significantly ［(-21.90±0.96)ms vs (-13.80±1.04)ms, P&lt;0.002; and (-15.20±1.06)ms vs (-6.33±0.52)ms, respectively］ immediately after PTSA.Conclusions Posterior-lateral and anterior region probably played important roles in electromechanical remodeling. Significant electromechanical remodeling disassociation (uncoupling) was detected in most left ventricular regions, which would be important in differentiating of HOCM from HM, and in predicting the prognosis in patients with HOCM after PTSA procedure. Chin Med J 2005; 118(21):1779-1785     

Assessment of left ventricular longitudinal regional myocardial systolic function by strain imaging echocardiography in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

To assess the left ventricular longitudinal regional myocardial systolic function by strain imaging （SI） echocardiography and to study the relationship between regional myocardial systolic function and left ventricular structure in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy （HCM）. S1 echocardiography were performed in 18 patients with HCM and 17 healthy subjects. For each wall, regional myocardial systolic strain was analyzed at the basal, mid, and apical level respectively. And the peak systolic strain was measured. Our results showed that the patients with HCM had reduced peak systolic strain at almost each segment of different walls when compared with healthy subjects. There was significant correlation between the mid-septum peak systolic strain and the thickness of IVS, so was the correlation between the mid-septum peak systolic strain and the IVS to LVPW thickness ratio. This study demonstrated that the left ventricular longitudinal regional myocardial systolic function was abnormal in HCM, and this kind of abnormalities existed extensively in hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic cardiac segments. The degrees of left ventricle hypertrophy and asymmetry are related to the myocardial regional systolic function in HCM.     

21例梗阻性肥厚型心肌病化学消融治疗近期疗效观察

目的探讨梗阻性肥厚型心肌病化学消融治疗的近期疗效。方法收集肥厚性梗阻性心肌病患者21例,行经皮间隔心肌消融术(PTSMA)。比较患者术前、术中及术后跨左心室流出道压力阶差(LVOTPG)及室间隔厚度。观察患者术后并发症发生情况及临床症状改善情况。结果 (1)患者无水酒精平均用量为(2.1±1.5)ml。患者术后NYHA评分为(1.7±0.6)分,显著低于术前(P<0.05)。(2)与术前相比,患者术中球囊加压后及消融术毕LVOTPG均值均显著降低(P<0.05)。(3)患者消融术毕、术后1周平均室间隔厚度分别为(23.3±5.8)mm和(21.4±4.9)mm,与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月平均室间隔厚度为(18.5±4.1)mm,显著低于术前(P<0.05)。(4)患者心肌酶均出现显著升高,12例患者出现心绞痛症状,18例患者出现一过性房室传导阻滞。结论在梗阻性肥厚型心肌病的治疗中,化学消融能够显著降低室间隔厚度及LVOTPG,改善患者临床症状,具有良好的疗效。     

肥厚性心肌病心源性猝死的危险因素分析

目的:分析肥厚性心肌病心源性猝死的危险因素。方法:收集发生心源性猝死的肥厚性心肌病患者32例,所有患者均经临床表现、实验室检查、心电图及超声心动图检查确诊,回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果:单因素分析显示心脏骤停(心室颤动),自发性持续性室速,猝死家族史(≤40岁的一级亲属),晕厥(≥2次/年),左室厚度≥30mm,负荷或运动后收缩压反应异常(无变化或降低>10mmHg或升高<25mmHg),非持续性室速,左室流出道梗阻(压力差>30mmHg)等因素为肥厚性心肌病患者发生心源性猝死的危险因素(P<0.01)。多因素logistic分析显示心脏骤停(心室颤动),自发性持续性室速,猝死家族史及晕厥≥2次/年是肥厚性心肌病心源性猝死重要的危险因素。结论:多种危险因素与肥厚性心肌病心源性猝死密切相关,临床工作中应该积极应对。     

肥厚型心肌病患者晕厥的临床分析(附92例报告)

目的 探讨肥厚型心肌病患者出现晕厥的临床特点.方法 将92例经超声心动图诊断为肥厚型心肌病的住院患者分为晕厥发作组(18例)和无晕厥发作组(74例),就两组的I临床特征、心电变化和超声心动图特点进行分析.结果 晕厥组发生流出道梗阻者[8例(44.4%)]明显超过非晕厥组[11例(14.9%)](P=0.005).晕厥组心肌肥厚部位以室间隔肥厚为主者多见[15例(83.3%)];晕厥组室间隔的厚度[(2.18±0.24)cm]明显高于无晕厥组[(1.91±0.20)cm](P=0.000).晕厥组快速性心律失常的发生例数[11例(61%)]明显多于非晕厥组[18例(24%)](P=0.003).晕厥组QRS波的宽度[(0.107±0.020)s]明显大于无晕厥组[(0.094±0.018)s](P=0.009).晕厥组的ST段下移超过0.1mV的例数[10例(55.6%)]明显多于无晕厥组[22例(29.7%)](P=0.039).结论 肥厚型心肌病患者中,晕厥者主要与流出道梗阻有关.晕厥以室间隔肥厚为主者多见.与室间隔的厚度相关.易发生快速性心律失常.晕厥者的心肌结构排列紊乱-和心电紊乱可能更严重.     

“一站式”经导管主动脉瓣置换联合经皮腔内室间隔心肌消融手术1例

 经导管主动脉瓣置换术（transcatheter aortic valve replacement,TAVR）是治疗主动脉瓣狭窄（aortic valve stenosis,AS）的一种成熟手段。AS患者几乎均合并心肌肥厚,目前对于合并梗阻性肥厚型心肌病（hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy,HOCM）的AS患者首先考虑外科手术而非TAVR。但高龄、高危患者常不能耐受外科手术,介入手段能否安全有效治疗此类患者尚存疑问。本文报道1例77岁女性患者,重度AS合并HOCM,经评估后行“一站式”TAVR联合经皮腔内室间隔心肌消融术（percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation,PTSMA）,术后患者恢复良好。本病例为国内开展的首例“一站式”TAVR+PTSMA,为TAVR术中紧急处理并发症和拓宽适应证提供新的依据。     

51例非肥厚型心肌病左心室流出道阻塞的彩色超声波检查分析

[背景]观察非肥厚型心肌病引起的左心室流出道阻塞类型,并分析其与临床症状的关系.[病例报告]51例非肥厚型心肌病左心室流出道阻塞患者均询问病史,行心脏彩色超声波检查,均除外肥厚型心肌病,观察主动脉瓣下有无狭窄、室间隔基部厚度及是否突向流出道,并测定左心室流出道压力阶差等.51例中主动脉瓣下狭窄所造成的左心室流出道阻塞者为36例,室间隔基部增厚突出为15例.[讨论]非肥厚型心肌病左心室流出道阻塞由主动脉瓣下狭窄及室间隔基部突出所致,部分伴有梗阻现象,彩色超声波检查可提供较准确的信息.     

Clinical analysis of 121 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Objective:Several studies have analyzed the clinical profiles of patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM). We sought to identify its characteristics in a regional cohort of Nanjing and its adjacent region. Methods:Clinical profiles of 121 referred patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Data including family history, clinical symptoms, electrocardiography and recent echocardiography were collected. Results: The mean age of this population was 42±17 years(range from 6 to 76) at diagnosis of HCM. Most patients were male(60%). 48 patients(39.7%) has a family history, 19 had a sudden death in a first degree relative and 96(79.3%) were recognized with cardiac symptoms. Left ventricular outflow obstruction(gradient≥30 mmHg at rest) was presented in 26(21.5%) patients. ECG abnormalities comprised of arrhythmia in 54(51.4%) and abnormal T wave in 72(68.6%) patients. FS were higher in female than male(P = 0.001). Among younger patients(age≤50 years), LVDd and LVWP were smaller in females than males(P = 0.042 & 0.023 respectively). In older patients(age＞50 years), LVDs was higher in male(P = 0.016) and EF was higher in female(P = 0.048). Conclusion:HCM patients in the region are almost diagnosed with the presentation of cardiac symptoms; those without any symptoms could be recognized by ECG and family screening. Most cardiac hypertrophy affects the interventricular septum. LVDd, LVWP, LVDs, FS and EF showed significant differences related to age and gender.     

肥厚型心肌病冠状动脉造影的特征及临床意义

目的分析肥厚型心肌病(HCM)患者冠状动脉造影的特征及临床意义。方法将64例经心脏彩色多普勒超声、左心室造影和冠状动脉造影检查确诊为HCM的患者分为梗阻型HCM组(HOCM组,44例)及非梗阻型HCM组(HNCM组,20例),比较两组患者的基线临床资料及冠状动脉造影检查结果,测量并比较冠状动脉各分支的内径。结果冠状动脉性心脏病的高危因素中,两组间仅年龄及糖尿病构成比的差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。心脏彩色多普勒超声检查显示,两组间二尖瓣前叶收缩期前向运动(SAM)征的构成比、左心室流出道压差、室间隔厚度、左心房直径的差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。冠状动脉造影检查显示,两组间冠状动脉狭窄、左前降支肌桥的发生率及左侧冠状动脉优势型患者构成比的差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),而冠状动脉粥样硬化、左间隔支肌桥发生率的差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。HOCM组的左主干、左前降支、左回旋支及左间隔支内径均显著大于HNCM组(P值均<0.01)。结论 HOCM患者的左间隔支肌桥发生率较HNCM患者高,且冠状动脉内径较粗大,尤其是左间隔支粗大,对临床上经皮导管化学消融有指导意义。     

84例肥厚型心肌病患者的临床特点和治疗分析

目的：分析肥厚型心肌病的临床特点和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2013年12月在安徽医科大学第一附属医院就诊的肥厚型心肌病患者的临床资料。结果84例肥厚型心肌病患者常见的临床症状主要有胸闷气短、心悸、胸痛、呼吸困难、头晕黑曚、前兆晕厥或晕厥。常见的合并疾病有高血压病、冠心病和心律失常,心律失常中最常见的为房颤和各种传导阻滞。95．2%的肥厚型心肌病患者心电图有异常表现,最常见的异常表现为左心室肥厚和(或) ST-T改变。80例患者接受β受体阻滞剂和(或)非二氢吡啶类钙离子拮抗剂治疗,11例患者接受起搏器置入治疗,22例接受经皮室间隔心肌化学消融术( PTS-MA),2例患者接受外科心肌切除手术。院内死亡1例,死亡原因为恶性心律失常。余82例患者住院期间患者症状均有缓解。结论肥厚型心肌病患者临床表现多样,治疗应遵循个体化原则,选择合理的药物或手术方法。     

梗阻性肥厚型心肌病无水酒精室间隔消融术中的并发症及处理

目的：总结梗阻性肥厚型心肌病（ＨＯＣＭ）无水酒精室间隔消融术中并发症及处理，以提高对其术中并发症的认识及处理的水平。方法：对１３ 例ＨＯＣＭ 患者行无水酒精室间隔消融术，注射无水酒精量为１．５～５ ｍ ｌ。消融成功率达１００％ 。结果：术中并发症９／１３ 例次，发生率６９．２％ ，其中以术中注无水酒精时血压下降为最严重，心绞痛最多见。结论：无水酒精室间隔消融术，虽有很好的临床效果，但也会引起一些并发症，如处理不当，甚至会造成死亡，应引起重视     

肥厚型梗阻性心肌病化学消融术所致室内传导阻滞的临床特点

目的：研究肥厚型梗阻性心肌病（HOCM）患者给予经皮经腔间隔心肌化学消融术（PTSMA）治疗后室内传导阻滞的临床特点。方法选择2004年1月-2012年12月在辽宁省人民医院行PTSMA的HOCM患者200例为研究对象。监测PTSMA术中及术后患者12导联心电图的变化,分析出现的室内传导阻滞类型及特点。结果术中及术后共有100例患者新发室内传导阻滞。其中完全性右束支传导阻滞者共90例,30例（33.3%）是永久性束支传导阻滞;完全性左束支传导阻滞者10例,其中1例（10.0%）为永久性束支传导阻滞。结论 PTSMA术中及术后出现的室内传导阻滞中,易发生完全性右束支传导阻滞,并且传导系统恢复时间较长,不易发生完全性左束支传导阻滞,如果出现完全性左束支传导阻滞,也多为一过性,其传导系统可迅速恢复。