Treatment of Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysms with Percutaneous Thrombin Injection

The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided thrombin injection for the treatment of post-catheterization femoral artery pseudoaneurysms. Between August 1, 1998 and August 31, 1999, 38 patients underwent ultrasound-guided injection of thrombin into 39 femoral false aneurysms. Peripheral pulses and ankle/brachial indices were assessed before and after the injection. Patients were followed with a control duplex scan within 4 weeks. The good results from this study showed that ultrasound-guided thrombin injection is an effective method for the treatment of post-catheterization false aneurysms. In a minority of patients, signs consistent with arterial embolization or vasospasm were identified.     

注射用英夫利西单抗治疗难治性溃疡性结肠炎的疗效分析

目的评价注射用英夫利西单抗治疗难治性溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年10月至2012年10月期间,在中国医科大学附属第四医院肛肠外科住院并接受注射用英夫利西单抗治疗的9例中重度激素难治性UC患者的临床疗效。结果经注射用英夫利西单抗治疗后,7例中度UC患者中,1例完全缓解,4例有效,1例疗效不详,1例无效;2例重度UC者中,1例有效,1例无效。临床缓解及治疗有效的6例患者的血红蛋白水平较治疗前上升,红细胞沉降率及C反应蛋白水平均下降。3例具有肠外表现者的肠外症状均得到改善。结论对于激素抵抗或激素依赖的中重度UC患者,注射用英夫利西单抗可以有效缓解患者的临床症状。     

1例假性动脉瘤患者瘤腔内注射凝血酶的护理

对1例妊娠合并阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿患者进行治疗及护理，结果患者病情稳定，足月剖宫产1活男婴，病情好转出院。提出针对性地做好病情观察与身心护理是取得满意疗效的关键。     

1例假性动脉瘤患者瘤腔内注射凝血酶的护理

对1例假性动脉瘤患者在超声引导下局部注射凝血酶,注射后彩色多普勒血流显像示假性动脉瘤内血液凝固,血流信号消失.提示瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗假性动脉瘤创伤小、效果好、安全易行.而完善术前准备,术中密切配合,术后加强并发症的观察是保证治疗成功的关键.     

1例假性动脉瘤患者瘤腔内注射凝血酶的护理

对1例假性动脉瘤患者在超声引导下局部注射凝血酶，注射后彩色多普勒血流显像示假性动脉瘤内血液凝固,血流信号消失。提示瘤腔内注射凝血酶治疗假性动脉瘤创伤小、效果好、安全易行。而完善术前准备，术中密切配合，术后加强并发症的观察是保证治疗成功的关键。     

前列地尔注射液联合香丹注射液治疗缺血性结肠炎的临床研究

为观察前列地尔注射液联合香丹注射液治疗缺血性结肠炎的疗效,将34例缺血性结肠炎患者随机分为两组,每组17例。所有病例均给予单纯抗生素和其他常规支持对症治疗;治疗组在此基础上加用前列地尔注射液和香丹注射液。观察记录腹痛缓解、大便潜血阴性及肠黏膜愈合时间等指标。结果显示,治疗组在腹痛缓解、大便潜血恢复及肠黏膜愈合时间方面明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结果表明,前列地尔注射液联合香丹注射液治疗缺血性结肠炎疗效显著。     

溃疡性结肠炎的外科治疗

溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerative colitis，UC）是发生在结直肠黏膜的一种弥漫性的炎性病变，病因尚未明确，多数学者认为与遗传、饮食、自身免疫等多种因素有关。本病以欧美多见，国内发病率较低，但近年有上升趋势。UC属于内科治疗范畴，但有20％～30％的患者内科治疗无效或出现并发症，需手术治疗，故外科医生应熟知UC的病理特点，正确诊断和选择合理的手术方式。现就UC的手术指征、手术方式、围手术期处理等方面的问题综述如下。     

Endoleak following endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: implications for duration of screening

OBJECTIVE: Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EAR) requires long-term surveillance for endoleak or increase in aneurysm diameter. We analyzed the natural history of and risk factors for endoleak development. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Endoleak is a common complication of EAR that can lead to aneurysm enlargement and even rupture. Following EAR, imaging studies are used to identify leaks since patients with endoleak may require additional endovascular interventions or conversion to open repair. No criteria currently exist for cessation or reduction in frequency of screening imaging studies. METHODS: Data on 220 patients undergoing EAR were retrospectively reviewed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used with the end point being new endoleak development. Potential risk factors included preoperative aneurysm diameter, number of negative surveillance studies, and postoperative increase in diameter. RESULTS: A total of 52 patients (24%) who underwent EAR had endoleak detected during postoperative follow-up, which averaged 19 months (range, 0.4-101 months). One, 6-, 12-, and 24- month endoleak-free survival was 90%, 80%, 77%, and 73%, respectively. Three leaks occurred after year 2, at postoperative months 24, 48, and 85. Increasing number of negative screening studies was negatively associated with risk for endoleak development (B = -3.122, P < 0.001), while increase in aneurysm diameter was positively associated with risk for endoleak (B = 0.072, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Risk for endoleak declines as the number of negative postoperative scans increases, but new endoleaks are identified as late as 7 years following EAR. Reduction in screening frequency cannot be uniformly recommended at this time. Patients with documented aneurysm expansion should be monitored carefully and endoleak should be suspected.     

Treatment of Type III Endoleak with an Aortouniiliac Stent Graft

The purpose of this study was to present a novel treatment method for repair of a type III endoleak due to separation of modular components of an AneuRx (Medtronic AVE, Sunnyvalle, CA) stent graft as a result of graft kinking. A 73-year-old male had undergone endovascular repair of a 8.2-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) 2 years previously. An aortic extender cuff was required to secure the proximal graft. Computed tomographic (CT) follow-up revealed a type III endoleak at 6-month follow-up. Plain radiographs showed separation between the main graft body and the aortic extender cuff. A second custom-made 28 mm × 5.5cm aortic extender cuff was placed to seal the type III endoleak. Follow-up CT showed a persistent endoleak with an increase in AAA size to 10.5 cm. The patient underwent remedial AAA repair with an aortouniiliac endograft placed within the previous stent graft and a femorofemoral bypass. At 3-month follow-up there was no detectable endoleak. This constitutes an alternative endovascular therapy for modular device separation (type-III endoleak) after endoluminal AAA repair in patients who cannot undergo repair with a second bifurcated graft.     

Severe Coagulopathy following Intraoperative Use of Topical Thrombin

This report describes a case of severe coagulopathy and bleeding related to the intraoperative use of topically applied thrombin. Commercial thrombin preparations contaminated with bovine factor V have been shown to stimulate the production of antibodies directed against factor V. These antibodies can cause coagulopathy. Our patient developed antibodies against factor V after intraoperative exposure to topical thrombin. The resulting antibody-mediated depletion of factor V caused a severe and refractory coagulopathy. Vascular surgeons should be aware that the use of topical bovine thrombin can cause severe coagulopathy.     

Ultrasound-guided Thrombin Injection of Iatrogenic Pseudoaneurysm at a Community Hospital

The purpose of this study was to report the success rate of treating pseudoaneurysm using ultrasound-guided thrombin injection at a community hospital. Over 16-month period, 42 patients with femoral artery pseudoaneurysms were treated using ultrasound-guided thrombin injection. Our results showed that ultrasound-guided thrombin injection has a high success rate, and can be safely performed at a community hospital.     

Surgical Treatment of Chronic Amebic Colitis

There are limited data concerning the surgical management of chronic amebic colitis (CAC) in the literature. We present our experience with 10 patients with CAC treated surgically. Patients’ records were retrospectively analyzed for age, sex, duration of clinical manifestations, colonoscopic findings, the type of surgical operation, and the postoperative course. Total proctocolectomy and J-pouch construction was performed in two patients who had CAC with severe rectal involvement. Total colectomy and the Hartmann procedure was performed in eight patients with mild to moderate rectal involvement. This treatment was successful in preserving the rectum in four of the eight. Our results suggest that rectal preservation can be a reliable treatment option in patients with CAC who have mild to moderate rectal involvement. Total proctocolectomy and ileoanal anastomosis with pouch construction should be the treatment of choice for patients with CAC who have severe rectal involvement.