Effects of ＂Caulis Sargentodoxae Formula＂ on Experimental Endometriosis in Rat

Objective To study the drug effects of ＂Caulis Sargentodoxae Formula＂ which dears away heat and blood clot on experimental endometriosis in rat, and to compare this effect with Danazol＇s effects. Method The model of endometriosis rat was induced by transplanting with endometrium surgically The rats were divided into 6 groups randomly： the non-treatment group, the castrate group, Danazol group（80 mg/kg）, ＂Caulis Sargentodoxae Formula＂ group （110 g/kg）, the medium dose group（77.5 g/kg） and the low dose group（55 g/kg）. After 3 weeks＇ treatment, the volume ofendometrium was detected by cutting the rats＇ belly open, drawing the materials from endometrium for tissue section, and doing the quantity analysis of endometrium by semiautomatic image analysis machine. Results There was no significant difference of the endometrium volumes between the low dose group and the non-treatment group（P〉O.05）, other groups＇ endometrium volumes were significantly lower than those of the non-treatment group（P〈0. 05）. And apart from the low dose group, all other groups＇ heights of the endometrium epithelia were significantly lower than that of the non-treatment group（p〈0.01）. Conclusion ＂Caulis Sargentodoxae Formula＂ can refrain the growth of the endometrium, and the effects are better than that of Danazol＇s.     

Effects of aerosolized ketamine on the level of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthetase in the lung tissue of rat with asthma

Objective： To explore the effects of aerosolized ketamine on the level of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthetase in the lung tissue in rat asthma model. Methods： Forty SD rats were randomly assigned to five groups： control group （group N）, asthma model group （group A）, two pretreated groups of different concentrations of ketamine （group K1, K2） and dexamethasone group（group D） with eight rats in each group. The rats in group A were sensitized by injection of ovalbumin （OA） together with aluminum hydroxide and bordetella pertussis as adjuvants. Two weeks after the sensitization, aerosolized OA was used to cause asthma. The rats in group K1 and K2 were sensitized with OA as group A , and then exposed to aerosol of ketamine , with the concentration of 25 g/L and 50 g/L respectively. Before using aerosolized OA,the rats in group D were exposed to aerosol of 0.01% dexamethasone .The level of NO2^-/NO3^- in lung tissues, inducible nitric oxide synthetase（iNOS） and constitute nitric oxide synthetase（cNOS） was measured in all groups. Results： The level of NO2^-/NO3^- and the activity of iNOS in lung tissues in group A were signiticantly higher than those in the other groups. The iNOS activity and the level of NO2^-/NO3 ^- in lung tissues were highly positively correlated. Conclusion： NO can induce airway hyperreactivity that may worsen asthma. Aerosolized ketamine can decrease the iNOS expression and reduce the level of NO in the lung tissue in rat asthma model.     

基于脑梗塞大鼠模型的穴位特异性对于针灸疗效影响的聚类分析

Objectives： To study the acupoint specificity through the comprehensive evaluation of the acupuncture effect on rat model with the middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO）. Methods： Duplicated MCAO model by Zea-longa＇s thread ligation was assessed by Zausinger＇s six-point method, and rats with 1-3 scores were chosen to be grouped. According to the randomized and controlled principle, rats were divided into 6 basic control groups （including normal group, sham group, model control group, model group without intervention, Nimodipine group, lateral-to-Renzhong group） and 6 acupuncture groups [including Neiguan （PC6） group, Weizhong （BL40） group, Chize （LU5） group, Sanyinjiao （SP6） group, Renzhong （DU6） group and non-acupoint group]; in each acupoint or non-acupoint 9 different parameter combinations were respectively set by orthogonal intersection method. There were in total 60 groups, and each group had 12 rats. The rats were treated by acupuncture with the lifting-thrusting manipulation every 12 h, in total 6 times. Indices of neurobehavioral scores, cerebral blood flow, infarction rate, microcirculation, and light microscope, etc. were measured. In order to comprehensively evaluate the acupuncture effect to research the specificity of acupoint, a cluster analysis was made with SPSS17.0 for the comprehensive effect scores of the samples computed according to the comprehensive evaluation models, and then sorting and classification were made for the comprehensive effect scores. Results： In the acupuncture groups every acupoint had different therapeutic effect due to different acupuncture parameter combinations; among the acupuncture groups the orders of curative effect were as followings： Neiguan group was of exceptional result, Weizhong group and Sanyinjiao group were of valid results in upper level, Chize group and Renzhong group were of valid results in lower level, and non-acupoint group was of invalid result; the therapeutic result of acupoint group was superior to non-acupoint group; and the curative effect of acupuncture group was also superior to basic control group. Conclusion： The acupoint has the specificity of acupuncture effect, and the acupoint specificity is relative.     

Effect of Acupuncture on CXCL8 Receptors in Rats Suffering from Embryo Implantation Failure简

To observe the effect of acupuncture on CXCL8 receptors（CXCR1 and CXCR2） in rat endometrium experiencing embryo implantation failure, 72 pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups： normal group（N）, embryo implantation failure group（M）, acupuncture treatment group（A）, and progestin treatment group（W）. Then the rats in each group were equally randomized into a day-6（D6） group, a day-8（D8） group, and a day-10（D10） group. The rats in group M, group A, and group W were treated with mifepristone-sesame oil solution on day 1, while the rats in group N were injected with the same amount of sesame oil. Meanwhile, ＂Housanli＂ and ＂Sanyinjiao＂ were selected for acupuncture. From day 1 to the time of death, the rats in group A were fastened up and then acupuncture was administered while the rats in group N and group M were only fixed, and the rats in group W were given progestin. The number of implanted embryos was calculated. The expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 in rat endometrium was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and real-time PCR. Compared to group N, the average number of implanted embryos, the protein and mRNA expression of CXCR1（D6, D8 and D10）, and the protein and mRNA expression of CXCR2（D8 and D10） in rat endometrium were significantly decreased in group M. Compared to group M, there was significant elevation in the average number of implanted embryos, the protein expression（D6, D8 and D10） and mRNA expression（D8） of CXCR1 in rat endometrium of group A, and the protein expression（D8 and D10） and mRNA expression（D8） of CXCR2 in rat endometrium of group W. These findings indicated that acupuncture can increase the number of implanted embryos in rats of embryo implantation failure, which may be relevant with up-regulation the expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 at maternal-fetal interface of rats with embryo implantation failure.     

Effect of Astragalus membranaceus injection on the activity of the intestinal mucosal mast cells after hemorrhagic shock-reperfusion in rats

Background The mechanism of mucosal damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion （IR） after hemorrhagic shock is complex; mast cells （MC） degranulation is associated with the mucosal damage. Astragalus membranaceus can protect intestinal mucosa against intestinal oxidative damage after hemorrhagic shock, and some antioxidant agents could prevent MC against degranulation. This study aimed to observe the effects of astragalus membranaceus injection on the activity of intestinal mucosal mast cells （IMMC） after hemorrhage shock-reperfusion in rats Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, low dosage group, （treated with Astragalus membranacaus injection, 10 g crude medication/kg） and high dosage group （treated with Astragalus membranacaus injection, 20 g crude medication/kg）. The rat model of hemorrhagic shock-reperfusion was induced by hemorrhage for 60 minutes followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion. The animals were administrated with 3 ml of the test drug solution before reperfusion. At the end of study, intestinal pathology, ultrastructure of IMMC, and expression of tryptase were assayed. The levels of malondisldehyde （MDA）, TNF-α, histamine, and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity in intestine were detected, and the number of IMMC was counted. Results The Chiu＇s score of the rats in the model group was higher than in other groups （P〈0.01）. The Chiu＇s score in the high dosage group was higher than that in the low dosage group （P〈0.05）. Hemorrhage-reperfusion induced IMMC degranulation： Astragalus membranaceus injection attenuated this degranulation. Expression of tryptase and the number of IMMC in the model group increased compared with the other groups （P〈0.01） and was significantly reduced by the treatments of Astragalus membranaceus injection at both doses. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups （P〉0.05）. MDA content and concentration of TNF-α in the model group were higher than that in the other three groups （P〈0.05）, and the concentration of TNF-α in the low dosage group was higher than that in the high dosage group （P〈0.05）. SOD activity and the concentration of histamine in the model group were lower than the other three groups （P〈0.05）. There was a negative correlation between the Chiu＇s score and the concentration of histamine and a positive correlation between the Chiu＇s score and the concentration of TNF-α and between the SOD activity and the concentration of histamine in the four groups （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Astragalus membranaceus injection may reduce the damage to small intestine mucosa by inhibiting the activated IMMC after hemorrhagic shock.     

The effect of spinal cord injury on the expression of TGF-β and TNF-α in rat articular cartilage

Objective： To observe the expression of TGF-β and TNF-α in the spinal cord injured rat model and discuss the significance of the articular cartilage metabolism. Methods： 36 SD female rats were randomly divided into 2 groups： Rats models of spinal cord injury were implemented by Allen method. T10 laminectomy was performed in the control group. Both groups of rats were killed respectively in 1w, 3w and 6w. Hematoxylin-eosin stain was given to each slice in the model group and control group. Immunohistochemical stain was applied by using ABC method in the expression of TGF-β and TNF-α. Those expressed level were performed in image analysis and statistics process. Results： TGF-β and TNF-α were mainly distributed on the surface layer of the articular cartilage, with a weak expression in control group. The expression of TNF-α in the model group was more significant than that in the control group in the lw, and still remained an evident difference with that in control group until the 6w（P 〈 0.05）. TGF-β expression of the model group had no remarkable difference with the control group in the lw （P 〉 0.05） and prominently became stronger at 6w（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The expression of TNF-α occurred early in the development of spinal cord injury, and the expression of TGF-β became stronger with the revival of spinal neural function. Both expressions were strengthened in articular cartilage in the 3rd week.     

The Active Metabolite of Leflunomide A771726 Inhibits Corneal Neovascularization

The effects of A771726, the active metabolite of leflunomide, on experimental rat corneal neovascularization （NV） in vivo and on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro were studied. The corneal NV was induced by alkali burn in 40 SD rats. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group. Group A was treated with 0.9% sodium chloride （control group）, and group B, group C and group D were given different concentrations of A771726 eye drops （0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% respectively） 4 times daily during days 0--28. The occurrence and development of corneal NV were observed at 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 day after alkali burn by a slit lamp microscope. The cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells （ECV-304） were incubated with A771726 solution at different concentrations （20, 40, 80, 160, 320 μmol/L） for 36 h. The proliferation of cells was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT）, and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） in cells was detected by using immunofluorescence under the laser confocal microscope. The rat model showed that the onset of corneal NV was delayed and progression of corneal NV was inhibited in the groups C and D. The corneal NV areas in groups C and D were significantly smaller than in groups A and B （P〈0.01）. No significant difference was found in corneal NV areas between groups C and group D （P〉0.05）. A771726 solution （940 μmol/L） could inhibit proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and decrease the expression of PCNA in cells significantly, A771726, as the active metabolite of leflunomide, strongly prevented corneal NV induced by alkali burn in the in vivo model, and inhibited proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in the in vitro model. Therefore, A771726 may serve as an angiogenic inhibitor in the treatment of corneal NV.     

Effect of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤) on Nitric Oxide and Histomorphology of Intestinal Mucosa in Rats with Radiation Enteritis

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Qingre Buyi Decoction (清热补益汤,QBD) in prevention and treatment of radiation enteritis in rats. Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, the TCM group, the WM group, the model group and the control group, 12 in each group. Rats in the former three groups were given orally with QBD, norfloxacin and normal saline once a day for 7 successive days, after being irradiated with X-ray at single dose of 10 Gy for modeling of radiation enteritis, while rats in the control group were untreated. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the medication. NO concentration, mean height and number of villi per centimeter in their small intestinal mu-cosa were measured. Results: The intestinal NO concentration was significantly lower in the TCM and WM groups than that in the model group(P<0.05), while the number of villi was significantly more and the height higher in the former two groups than those in the model group (P<0.01 for both), but no signif     

Correlation of IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 Concentrations to Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome and Effect of Intravenous Immunoglobulin on Ovarian Hyperstimulated Rats

Objective To investigate the correlation of interleukin（IL）-1,IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome（OHSS） and whether intravenous immunoglobulin（IVIG） has the effects on ovarian hyperstimulated rats.
Methods Immature female Wistar rats were divided into control group, OHSS group （n=13） and IVIG group（n=13）. For the latter two groups, pregnancy mare serum gonadotropin（PMSG）and human chorionic gonadotropin（hCG） were given to induce OHSS, and rats in IVIG group were treated with immunoglobulin. Forty-eight hours after administration of hCG, capillary permeability was evaluated from the Evans blue dye（EB） concentration in the ovaries and the EB concentration in peritoneal irrigated fluid at 30 min after the intravenous injection of EB. Rats＇ blood samples and ovaries were obtained to be measured for IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 by ELISA.
Results In OHSS group, total weights of bilateral ovaries and the ovarian EB concentration were significantly higher than those in others（P〈0.05）. Both serum and ovarian concentrations of IL-1 were significantly higher in OHSS and IVIG groups than those in control group （P〈0.05）. The ovarian concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10 in IVIG group were significantly lower than those in control group（P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the ovarian IL-10 concentration in IVIG group was significantly lower than that in OHSS group（P〈0. 05）.
Conclusion Inflammation involved IL-1 in OHSS rats plays an important role. Vascular permeability was mostly increased in ovaries of hyperstimulated rats. It appears that ovaries of OHSS rats may be the primary places of inflammation. IVIG treatment resulted in statistically significant reductions in ovaries＇ weights and ovarian vascular permeability of OHSS rats, with a decreased level of ovarian IL-10. It implys that IVIG have a beneficial effect in reducing the severity of OHSS in the experimental model maybe by restrainning IL-10.     

The Effects of Color Doppler Ultrasound during Late Trimester on Offspring＇s Learning and Memorizing Abilities in Rats

This study is designed to evaluate the effect of color diagnostic color Doppler ultrasound （CDUS） on offspring＇s learning and memorizing abilities in rats. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats （18 days） were divided into a control group and an insonification group. The control group was sham-insonified, and the insonification group was insonified by diagnostic ultrasound （Pwr=0dB, 3.0MHz, Tis=1.8, MI=1.6, IpA=258w/cm^2）. Each insonification group was divided into three sub groups according to the duration of exposure： 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min. The rat offspring＇s learning and memorizing abilities were estimated via the Morris water maze test when they were 2 months old. The mean score of the 30 min insonification group achieved in the Morris water maze test was lower than that of the control group （P〈0.05）, but there were no differences between the other two exposed groups and the control groups （P〉0.05）. Thirty-min exposures to CDUS in utero could adversely affect the learning and memorizing ability of the rat offspring, while the 10- and 20-min exposures had no demonstrable effect.     

硫化氢对氧应激下大鼠肝星状细胞的收缩和黏附作用

目的 探讨硫化氢(H2S)含量的变化对氧应激下大鼠肝星状细胞(HSC)收缩和黏附作用影响.方法 将HSC分为空白组(B组,HSC-T6);对照组(C组,HSC-T6+ 500μ mol/L FeN-TA);NaHS组(N组,N1:HSC-T6+500μmol/L FeNTA+100μmol/L NaHS;N2:HSC-T6+500μmol/L FeNTA+200μmol/L NaHS;N3:HSC-T6 +500μmol/L FeNTA+ 300μ mol/LNaHS;N4:HSC-T6 500μmol/L FeNTA+ 400μmol/LNaHS);GLBN组(G组,G1:HSC-T6+ 500μmol/L FeNTA+ 200 μmol/LGLBN;G2:HSC-T6+ 500μmol/L FeNTA+ 400μmol/LGLBN).应用500 μmol/L次氮基三乙酸铁(FeNTA)制备氧应激模型.采用聚硅酮膜法直观检测氧应激模型大鼠肝星状细胞收缩情况、甲苯胺兰染色法测定细胞黏附率、Boyden Chamber小室法测定HSC跨膜迁移数量.给予不同浓度的外源性H2S供体NaHS和KATP通道阻断剂格列本脲(GLBN),在不同刺激条件下,观察上述指标.结果 HSC被NaHS处理后可见聚硅酮膜由于细胞收缩而引起明显皱纹,能够明显促进HSC收缩,而且随H2S浓度的升高和作用时间的延长,HSC收缩程度增强,这些作用能够被格列本脲阻止.加入200、400 μmol/L H2S的HSC黏附抑制率分别为62.4％、81.7％,与对照组相比有显著差异;100、200、300、400 μmol/L 4种不同浓度NaHS的HSC细胞迁移数量为6.43×103、8.85×103、11.34×103、14.86×103,与对照组(2.52×103)比较存在显著差异.结论 H2S在氧化应激下能促进HSC的收缩.H2S通过抑制细胞黏附、增加HSC跨膜迁移数量发挥细胞保护作用.     

Effects of nitric oxide on hepatic dysfunction induced by thioacetaminde in rats

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机械刺激诱导的远端结肠黏膜离子转运在腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠模型中的变化

目的探讨在腹泻型肠易激综合征(D-IBS)大鼠中,机械刺激诱导的远端结肠黏膜离子转运是否发生改变。方法将Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为对照组和模型组,采用孤养+慢性非预见刺激的方法制备D-IBS大鼠模型,通过排便和蔗糖偏嗜度来检测D-IBS大鼠模型,采用短路电流技术结合去除溶液中阴离子和运用各种阻断剂的方法,观察机械刺激诱导的远端结肠黏膜离子转运。结果同对照组比较,模型组大鼠的排便数量显著增加,蔗糖偏嗜度显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组大鼠结肠黏膜的基础电生理特性无显著差异(P>0.05)。机械刺激引起对照组和模型组大鼠结肠黏膜的短路电流均显著增加,但是模型组中增加的短路电流,显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。去除溶液中的HCO3-并不能改变2组的短路电流,但是去除溶液中的Cl-均显著降低2组的短路电流,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。运用Ca2+激活的Cl-通道(CaCC)阻断剂4,4'-二异硫氰酰芪-二苯乙烯-2,2二磺酸二钠盐(DIDS)并不能改变2组的短路电流,但是运用囊性纤维变性跨膜电导调节器(CFTR)的抑制剂CFTR(inh)-172或Na+-K+-2Cl-共转运体(NKCC)的阻断剂bumetanide均显著降低2组的短路电流,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论在D-IBS大鼠模型中,机械刺激诱导的远端结肠黏膜Cl-分泌增加可能是D-IBS大鼠产生腹泻的原因之一。     

Electrophysiological effects of hydrogen sulfide on human atrial fibers

Background  It has been reported that endogenous or exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) exerts physiological effects in the vertebrate cardiovascular system. We have also demonstrated that H₂S acts as an important regulator of electrophysiological properties in guinea pig papillary muscles and on pacemaker cells in sinoatrial nodes of rabbits. This study was to observe the electrophysiological effects of H₂S on human atrial fibers.

Methods  Human atrial samples were collected during cardiac surgery. Parameters of action potential in human atrial specialized fibers were recorded using a standard intracellular microelectrode technique.

Results  NaHS (H₂S donor) (50, 100 and 200 μmol/L) decreased the amplitude of action potential (APA), maximal rate of depolarization (V_max), velocity of diastolic (phase 4) depolarization (VDD) and rate of pacemaker firing (RPF), and shortened the duration of 90% repolarization (APD₉₀) in a concentration-dependent manner. ATP-sensitive K⁺ (K_ATP) channel blocker glibenclamide (Gli, 20 μmol/L) partially blocked the effects of NaHS (100 μmol/L) on human atrial fiber cells. The L-type Ca²⁺ channel agonist Bay K8644 (0.5 μmol/L) also partially blocked the effects of NaHS (100 μmol/L). An inhibitor of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), DL-propargylglycine (PPG, 200 μmol/L), increased APA, V_max, VDD and RPF, and prolonged APD₉₀.

Conclusions  H₂S exerts a negative chronotropic action and accelerates the repolarization of human atrial specialized fibers, possibly as a result of increases in potassium efflux through the opening of K_ATP channels and a concomitant decrease in calcium influx. Endogenous H₂S may be generated by CSE and act as an important regulator of electrophysiological properties in human atrial fibers.

     

月经血干细胞对薄型子宫内膜大鼠的治疗修复作用

目的:探究月经血干细胞（MenSC）移植对薄型子宫内膜的治疗修复作用及机制。方法:选取8～10周龄无特定病原体级雌性SD大鼠30只,随机分为模型对照组和MenSC组,每组各15只。两组通过化学损伤法在大鼠一侧子宫内膜建立薄型子宫内膜损伤模型,建模7 d后分别将等渗氯化钠溶液及MenSC多点注入大鼠损伤侧子宫内,另一侧子宫作为手术对照组不做任何处理。第三代传代MenSC治疗薄型子宫内膜模型大鼠。苏木精-伊红染色观察子宫内膜组织结构;免疫组织化学染色观察子宫内膜组织细胞角蛋白（CK）18、波形蛋白表达;5-乙炔基-2’-脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（EdU）法检测子宫内膜组织中细胞增殖情况;免疫荧光染色检测子宫内膜组织血管内皮标志物CD34和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达;实时逆转录PCR检测子宫内膜组织白血病抑制因子（LIF）、整合素β3(ITGβ3)及同源异型框A10(HOXA10)的基因表达。两组分别按雌鼠和雄鼠2∶1比例进行合笼实验,观察MenSC对模型大鼠生殖功能的影响。结果:与手术对照组比较,模型对照组子宫内膜薄,腺体及血管数少（均P<0.01）,MenSC移植后大鼠子宫内膜厚度、...     

钩藤碱对猪冠状动脉平滑肌舒缩作用的影响及其机制

目的观察钩藤碱对离体猪冠状动脉血管的作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法采用血管环张力测定技术及全细胞穿孔膜片钳技术分别观察钩藤碱对离体猪冠状动脉血管环张力的影响以及对大电导钙激活钾通道(BKCa)的作用。结果血管环张力实验显示钩藤碱能够明显舒张[(89.94±1.18)%,n=7]高钾(40mmol/L)去极化所致的冠状动脉血管收缩,而K+通道阻断剂四乙基胺(TEA)不能抑制钩藤碱的舒血管作用,提示K+通道几乎不参与钩藤碱对猪冠状动脉血管的舒张。在全细胞穿孔膜片钳模式下,钩藤碱(100μmol/L)可显著抑制猪冠状动脉平滑肌细胞的BKCa通道[(48.22±4.24)%,n=6],BKCa通道介导的自发性瞬时外向电流(STOCs)的幅度和频率也分别下降了(45.74±6.26)%和(87.98±6.39)%(n=5)。结论钩藤碱可明显舒张猪冠状动脉血管,而对全细胞BKCa通道具有明显的抑制作用,K+通道的激活在钩藤碱的舒血管机制中所起的作用不大。     

内皮素—1对豚鼠远端结肠上皮离子转运作用的研究

目的：研究内皮素－1（endotelin-1,ET-1)对豚鼠远端结肠上皮离子转运的作用。方法：用Ussing Chamber检测ET－1在不同离子阻断剂存在下对豚鼠远端结肠上皮的短路环状电流（shortcircuitcurrent,Isc）和上皮间传导性（transpithelial conductance,Gt)的影响来测定ET-1对结肠上皮的K^ ,Na^ ,Cl^-离子转运的作用。结果：浆膜例10^-8-10^-6mol/LET－1可引起Isc双相性改变（Isc称升高而后降低）并伴有Gt的增加,10^-9mol/L ET-1可引起Isc降低同是伴有Gt的增加。ET－1所致Isc和Gt改变呈浓度依赖性,Isc的升高和Gt的增加可被DPC、浆膜侧无氯溶液及ETA受体拮抗剂BQ485所抑制,提示ET－1可引起豚鼠远端结肠上皮Cl^-的分泌;而Isc降低伴有Gt增加可被bumetinade、粘膜侧高K^ 溶液TEA 抑制,也可被ETA和ETB受体拮抗剂BQ485、BQ788抑制Isc降低和Gt增加;Tetrodotoxin不能影响ET－1所引起的Isc和Gt改变,但用Indomethacin处理或在无Ca^2 溶液环境下,ET－1所引起的Isc和Gt改变均消失。结论：ET－1可直接作用于粘膜上皮细胞与ETA或ETB受体结合刺激豚鼠远端结肠上皮分泌K^ 和Cl^-,这种作用可能由前列腺素介导,对细胞外钙有依赖性。     

老年SD大鼠前列腺上皮细胞膜钾离子通道变化及意义

目的探讨雄性SD大鼠前列腺上皮细胞膜钾离子通道电流的变化和对钾通道阻断剂的反应。方法分别取3个月龄成年和12个月龄的老年SD大鼠的背外侧叶前列腺组织,剪成1—2mm^3大小,经消化、培养、免疫组鉴别,将形态正常、贴壁良好的腺上皮细胞用全细胞膜片钳模式记录钾通道电流。结果成年和老年SD大鼠的前列腺上皮细胞膜＋80mV钾电流密度分别为（10．84±1．54）pA／pF vs（18．48±1．7）pA／pF（n=20,P〈0．01）;钙激活型钾通道抑制剂（KCa通道）四乙胺（TEA）对老年大鼠峰电流阻断从19．1±2．9到7．2±3．2,KCa电流被抑制约63％;成年大鼠为9．5±1．8到5．4±3．1,KCa通道电流被抑制约44％。电压依赖型钾通道抑制剂4-AP（四氨基吡啶）对大鼠前列腺上皮细胞膜钾电流有显著阻断效应。结论老年大鼠的前列腺上皮细胞膜钾通道电流比成年大鼠显著增强,同时老年大鼠KCa通道电流对TEA更敏感。由此结果可推论老年大鼠的前列腺上皮细胞分泌功能是降低的。     

姜黄素抑制硝普钠诱导的大鼠软骨细胞凋亡机制研究

目的 探讨姜黄素抑制硝普钠(SNP)诱导的大鼠软骨细胞凋亡的机制研究。 方法 每组取4只SD大鼠关节软骨，细胞进行原代培养，将软骨细胞分成6组，分别为空白对照组(A组)，SNP损伤组(B组)，SNP+5 μmol/L姜黄素组(C组)，SNP+10 μmol/L姜黄素组(D组)，SNP+20 μmol/L姜黄素组(E组),SNP+30 μmol/L姜黄素组(F组)。用CCK8法检测不同浓度的姜黄素对软骨细胞增殖的影响，同时检测各组中软骨细胞的活性；用RtPCR检测软骨细胞MMP-13、caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2基因的表达情况；用Hoechst 33342染色观察软骨细胞核凋亡情况；Western Blotting检测线粒体凋亡途径相关蛋白的表达情况。 结果 ①当姜黄素的浓度为20 μmol/L时，姜黄素对软骨细胞的促增殖作用最为明显；②CCK8法检测各组细胞的活性率从大至小依次为A组＞E组＞D组＞C组＞F组＞B组；③RtPCR检测软骨细胞caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2表达量经姜黄素处理后均有显著变化；④Hoechst 33342染色结果表明姜黄素能改善SNP诱导的软骨细胞核染色质的损伤，减少软骨细胞中的线粒体膜电位；⑤Western boltting检测各组软骨细胞中caspase-3、Bax、蛋白的表达情况，表达量依次为B组＞E组＞A组；Bcl-2蛋白的表达情况，表达量依次为A组＞E组＞B组。 结论 姜黄素通过抑制线粒体凋亡途径，从而减少SNP诱导的大鼠软骨细胞的凋亡。      

吡格列酮保护乳鼠心肌细胞与ATP敏感性钾通道表达的关系

目的探讨吡格列酮对缺氧复氧诱导的乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡和心肌细胞ATP敏感性钾通道亚单位表达的影响。方法原代培养的sD乳鼠心肌细胞随机分为6组：溶媒组、缺氧复氧组、0．1μmol／L吡格列酮组、1．0μmol／L吡格列酮组、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮组、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮＋GW9662组（GW9662组）,药物预处理24h后建立缺氧复氧模型,利用膜联蛋白-v与溴化丙啶双染法检测心肌细胞凋亡,利用RT—PCR及Western—blot技术检测心肌细胞ATP敏感性钾通道亚单位的表达。结果0．1、1．0、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮组心肌细胞凋亡率与缺氧复氧组及GW9662组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;0．1、1．0、2．0μmol／L吡格列酮组心肌细胞线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道（mitoKATP）亚单位Kir6．1mRNA及蛋白的表达与缺氧复氧组及GW9662组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,各组细胞膜ATP敏感性钾通道（sarcKATP）亚单位Kir6．2mRNA表达间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论吡格列酮抑制缺氧复氧诱导的乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡,此保护作用可能与激活PPARγ及上调mitoKATP通道亚单位表达有关,sarcKATP未参与这种保护过程。