MTA应用于牙齿直接盖髓术远期疗效临床研究

目的:观察深龋露髓的患牙应用MTA行直接盖髓术的远期临床疗效。方法:对9～30岁患者的180颗深龋去腐露髓和意外露髓的患牙,随机分为MTA组和氢氧化钙组,分别用MTA和氢氧化钙行直接盖髓术。3年后进行临床评价,观察MTA直接盖髓术后临床症状、牙髓活力、牙本质桥形成及露髓孔关闭情况。结果:应用MTA行直接盖髓术的患牙3年后修复性牙本质桥形成,露髓孔关闭,牙髓保持活力,牙髓存活率显著高于对照组(P﹤0.05)。结论:MTA直接盖髓术是一种有前途的活髓保存方法。     

乳磨牙MTA直接盖髓术后即刻充填的临床观察

目的 评价乳磨牙MTA直接盖髓术后即刻充填临床疗效.方法 用MTA对4～8岁儿童的36颗深龋洞去腐露髓或意外穿髓的乳磨牙进行直接盖髓术后即刻充填治疗,治疗后6个月和2年后随访,观察盖髓后患牙症状、牙髓活力、X线片等疗效指标.结果 MTA治疗36颗乳磨牙,经6个月和2年后随访,其中34颗成功,牙髓活力正常,可见X线片修复性牙本质形成;2颗失败.结论 MTA应用于儿童乳磨牙直接盖髓术是有效的盖髓剂.     

不同盖髓材料用于乳磨牙深龋活髓切断术的临床观察

目的　观察在乳磨牙深龋治疗中,矿物三氧化物凝聚体(MTA)与戊二醛用于活髓切断术的临床疗效。方法　选择80例乳磨牙深龋患儿,随机分成2组,治疗组活髓切断术后用MTA盖髓,对照组活髓切断术后用戊二醛盖髓,术后跟踪随访6个月,1年和2年的临床疗效。结果　2组6个月时成功率相近,但1年后及2年后MTA组成功率高于戊二醛组,差异有统计学意义﹙P<0.05﹚。结论　MTA用于乳磨牙活髓切断术远期临床疗效优于戊二醛。     

MTA用于年轻恒前牙直接盖髓术的临床效果观察

目的 观察三氧化矿物聚合体(mineral trioxide aggregate,MTA)应用于年轻恒前牙意外露髓时直接盖髓术的临床效果,分析影响疗效的因素.方法 上、下颌恒前牙意外露髓病例64例,68颗患牙,随机分为试验组和对照组,分别用MTA和氢氧化钙进行直接盖髓,术后定期复查,观察24个月,对盖髓术后活髓保存成功率进行统计学分析.结果 试验组成功率为91.4%,对照组成功率为60.6%,2组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);性别、颌位、露髓原因、穿孔部位、直径等因素对疗效无影响(P>0.05).结论 MTA是较理想的直接盖髓材料.     

iRoot BP Plus与MTA应用于龋源性露髓成熟恒牙直接盖髓术的效果比较

目的 探讨生物陶瓷材料iRoot BP Plus和三氧化矿物聚合体(mineral trioxide aggregate,MTA)应用于成熟恒牙直接盖髓术的效果,为临床提供参考。方法 因深龋或可复性牙髓炎去腐后露髓的成熟恒牙75颗,患者74例,随机分为两组,每组37例患者,试验组使用iRoot BP Plus(iRoot组),对照组使用MTA(MTA组)作为盖髓剂。术后1、3、6、12个月进行临床评价及影像学分析。比较两组治疗成功率,并分析性别、年龄、牙位、洞型、穿髓孔数目、大小等因素对直接盖髓术疗效的影响。结果 12个月后完成复诊60例患者61颗患牙(i Root组30例患者31颗,MTA组30例患者30颗),iRoot组的成功率90.3%,MTA组成功率为90.0%,两组成功率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),性别、年龄、牙位、洞型、穿髓孔数目、大小等因素对两组疗效的影响均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 iRoot BP Plus与MTA用于因龋露髓成熟恒牙直接盖髓术效果均良好,但iRoot操作较为简便。     

150颗深龋露髓患牙的临床治疗体会

目的观察深龋露髓患牙应用氢氧化钙加爱诺赛(Ionosit-Baseliner)行直接盖髓术的疗效。方法 150例患者的150颗深龋去腐露髓患牙,随机分为2组,治疗组用氢氧化钙加爱诺赛直接盖髓,对照组以氢氧化钙直接盖髓术。1年后行临床评价,观察2组疗效。结果治疗组成功率90.3%,对照组成功率78.1%,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论以氢氧化钙加爱诺赛直接盖髓效果优于单用氢氧化钙直接盖髓。     

复方氢氧化钙盖髓剂临床疗效观察

目的 观察复方氢氧化钙盖髓剂治疗深龋去腐露髓的临床效果。方法 治疗组用氢氧化钙、甲硝唑、地塞米松复合剂盖髓，对照组单纯用氢氧化钙盖髓。结果 治疗组63个牙齿成功60个，有效3个，疗效优于对照组。结论 复方氢氧化钙盖髓是一种治疗深龋去腐露髓的较好方法。     

年轻恒牙直接盖髓术的临床和病理学研究

直接盖髓术是用药物覆盖暴露的牙髓,以促进牙髓愈合和修复的治疗.通常仅适应于健康牙髓的新鲜暴露病例,对于因龋病露髓的患牙则不宜应用.近年,不少学者报道对去龋露髓的患牙采用直接盖髓术也取得了较好效果,其疗效不低于健康露髓牙.本研究是对临床无明显症状或症状轻微的深龋露髓年轻恒磨牙,进行直接盖髓术,试图探讨保留全部活髓的临床疗效,并对观察中的失败病例在改变治疗时进行牙髓的临床病理学研究.     

直接盖髓术103例临床疗效观察

直接盖髓术多用于龋病治疗时意外露髓和外伤导致意外露髓。限于未感染或感染轻微可恢复正常的牙髓，较多用于青少年恢复力强的后牙和牙根尚未形成的牙齿［１］。笔者对临床无明显症状轻微的龋源性露髓牙进行了直接盖髓术，并用外伤性露髓牙作为对照组，旨在观察龋源性露髓...     

半导体激光辅助直接盖髓术在龋源性露髓患牙中的效果评价

目的：探讨半导体激光联合氢氧化钙行直接盖髓术是否可以提高深龋露髓患牙的保髓成功率。方法：选取深龋露髓患牙100例,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各50例。试验组以功率1.5 W、波长808 nm、直径320 μm、距离2~3 mm、连续波激光照射露髓点2 s,控制出血;以功率1 W、波长808 nm、直径320 μm、距离2~3 mm、连续波激光每2 mm照射1 s,进行窝洞净化,用氢氧化钙制剂盖髓;对照组直接采用氢氧化钙制剂盖髓。随访观察1年后,评价2组患牙的牙髓活力。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：试验组 50例患牙,失访3例,1年后成功率为89.4%;对照组50例患牙,失访5例,1年后成功率为73.3%,2 组之间差异显著（P<0.05）。结论：半导体激光联合氢氧化钙用于深龋露髓患牙直接盖髓术,可明显提高保髓成功率,值得推广应用。     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形