Vegetables as a source of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a University and Oncology Hospital of Rio de Janeiro.

Samples of fresh vegetables fed to patients in an Oncology and a University Hospital were examined for frequency of recovery and counts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thirty-eight isolates from vegetables as well as 98 clinical isolates recovered during the same period of vegetable collection were serotyped and assayed for pyocin production in order to evaluate the role of vegetables as a source of microorganisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recovered from 19.0% of the vegetable samples. Although 1% hypochlorite solution was used as a sanitizer, 50% of the positive samples were found to harbour more than 100 colony-forming units (cfu) g-1. Lettuce, chicory and watercress yielded the highest frequencies of isolation (P less than 0.05). The pyocin typing and serotyping of clinical strains revealed some types identical to those recovered from vegetables. Among those found in the University Hospital, serotype O4 and pyocin type PT10/b were detected in vegetables and in clinical specimens whereas types O1-PT22/e, O2a-PT10/a, O2a-PT10/b, O4-PT10/a, O11-PT10/a and O11-PT10/b were common in both groups of strains isolated in the Oncology Hospital. Our results strongly suggest that vegetables represent a source of endemic infection with P. aeruginosa for hospitalized patients.     

Effect of three plastic catheters on survival and growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The effect of Polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU) and siliconized latex (SL) catheters on the survival and growth of six non-mucoid and three mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1 × 10⁸) was incubated in PBS alone (control) or with 30 1-cm length segments of each catheter and the number of viable microorganisms was determined after 8 h, 1, 2, 5, 7 and 10 days. The presence of PVC catheters significantly favoured the survival and growth of non-mucoid strains in comparison to the control (P < 0·05 at 5 days, P < 0·01 at 7 days and thereafter); a similar result was observed with SL catheters (P < 0·05 at 2 days, P < 0·01 at 5 days and thereafter). No differences were observed with PU catheters. The number of mucoid microorganisms decreased with time in all controls and suspensions containing segments of catheter, but non-mucoid revertants appeared and quickly increased in the presence of PVC and SL (but not PU) catheters. Eluates of PBS previously containing PVC or SL segments induced a 100- to 500-fold increase in the growth of a non-mucoid strain in comparison with PBS alone. It is concluded that some plastic catheters can release substance(s) that favour the viability of P. aeruginosa.     

Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocin and antibiotic biotypes in four Tehran hospitals

Over a 15‐month period, 340 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from clinical specimens, i.e. sputum, wound swabs, pus, burns, urine, stool, etc., and the environment, i.e. sink, floor, bed sheets, etc., in four Tehran hospitals. Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out by standard methods. Pyocin typing and subtyping were done using the spotting method of Govan, and using a set of 13 indicator strains. Results of the study showed that the dominant pyocin types were PT10, PT4 and PT3, with frequencies of 30.6%, 21.7% and 8.8%, respectively. The pyocins had a wide spectrum of activity, in contrast to most other bacteriocins known. The dominant pyocin subtypes observed in this study were b, d, a, and c, with frequencies of 18.4%, 14.9%, 12.7%, 9.2%, respectively. Approximately 95.9% of the isolates were typable. 98.8% of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistant to 1 or more antibiotics tested. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed using the disc diffusion method, employing Mueller‐Hinton Agar. The following antibiotics were tested: Aztreonam (ATM), Ceftazidime (CAZ), Ceftriaxone (CRO), Imipenem (IMP), Cefoperazone (CFP), Amikacin (AN), Sisomicin (SIS), Polymyxin B (PB), Gentamicin (GM), Tobramycin (NN), Netilmicin (NET), Tetracycline (TE) and Carbenicillin (CB). The highest resistance was observed against tetracycline (98.2%), while no resistance was detected against polymyxin B. Among betalactams, ceftazidime and among aminoglycosides, amikacin showed the greatest activities. Distribution of these isolates from the hospital environments was alarming. The results of these findings were reported to the hospital authorities and a number of preventive and control measurements, including more effective methods of disinfection for all instruments that come into contact with patients, were suggested to reduce the spread of the bacterium.     

Epidemiological characteristics ofPseudomonas aeruginosa strains causing infection in an Italian general hospital

During the 1989 calendar year,P. aeruginosa caused clinical infections in 0.46% of patients admitted to Ospedali Riuniti (a general hospital), Bergamo, Italy. Strains (n=267) ofP. aeruginosa were collected during this period, and epidemiological characteristics were studied. The mean prevalence ofP. aeruginosa infection in inpatients was 1.1% (range 0.06–7.3), whereas outpatients showed a significantly lower prevalence of infection (0.05%). Strains were recovered from inpatients of surgical wards (n=126; 47.2%), and outpatients (n=15; 5.6%). Males were more often affected than females (2.7:1). Infection of the urinary tract was the most common (34.1%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa was also involved in lower respiratory tract infections (18.7%) and septicaemia (17.6%). Four typing methods were performed, i.e. serotyping, antibiotyping, pyocin typing, and restriction endonuclease analysis (REA). Serotypes 0:11 and 0:6 were endemic in the hospital. Some serotypes correlated with specific clinical wards. Pyocin typing was an unreliable epidemiological tool. However, antibiotyping showed the presence of some epidemic clusters, probably related to the antibiotic consumption of the patients. REA suggested the circulation of endemicP. aeruginosa strains in both the obstetrics and neurosurgery wards.     

Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary referral teaching hospital

A genotypically indistinguishable strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Australian epidemic strain III: AES III) has previously been found in a proportion of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Tasmania, Australia. The aim of this study was to identify a source of these infections within the major tertiary referral hospital for the State of Tasmania, and to determine if this strain could be isolated from settings other than the CF lung. A total of 120 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from clinical and environmental sources within the hospital and from environmental locations in the hospital vicinity. These isolates were genotyped by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD)–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute method. Confirmation of similar genotypes identified by RAPD–PCR was performed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with restriction enzyme SpeI. AES III was not recovered from any source other than the respiratory secretions of CF patients. P. aeruginosa in the non-CF settings was found to be panmictic, and no cross-infection or acquisition of hospital environment strains by patients was observed.     

Microbiology of wound infections among hospitalised patients following the 2005 Pakistan earthquake

After a devastating earthquake hit Northern Pakistan in October 2005, we retrospectively analysed the microbiology records of patients admitted with trauma wounds to Shifa International Hospital, Pakistan. For comparison, we included the records of hospitalised patients with wound infections before, and after, the earthquake. Age and hospital stay were entered as continuous variables and mean ± SD was reported. Gender, type of injuries, micro-organisms isolated, susceptibilities and type of growth (single/polymicrobial) were entered as categorical variables and frequency reported. Relative risk with 95% confidence interval was shown for the two groups. Mean ± SD age of patients was 35.15 ± 11.11 years with female preponderance (58.4%). Fractures were the commonest injuries (55.9%). Gram-negative bacteria were the commonest organisms found (89%), with a predominance of polymicrobial infections (59.6%) and multidrug-resistant organisms (61.5%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. and Acinetobacter spp. were the commonest isolates, and most of these were multidrug resistant.     

An analysis of bacteraemia in a university hospital in Japan over a 10-year period

Details of positive blood cultures obtained from 357 inpatients attending the Toyama University Hospital were collected over a 10-year period in order to document changes in microbiological and clinical features of bacteraemia. Fifty-one per cent of patients were over 60 years old, 48% had intravascular catheters in-situ, and 17% had had surgical procedures within 30 days prior to the isolation of organisms from the blood. The proportion of underlying diseases other than malignancies increased over the 10-year period (42–60%, P < 0·05). Patients from surgical departments other than the Academic Department of Surgery increased over the study period (16–55%, P < 0·05). Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia increased significantly (29 to 49%, P < 0·05) as did pseudomonas and anaerobic bacteraemia. Most bacteria showed no significant changes in their antibiotic sensitivity pattern over the 10 years. Clinical features in patients with bacteraemia varied with the infective organisms and the underlying disease. Mortality was high in patients with haematological malignancy, usually in association with Pseudomonas aeruginosa     

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation from pharyngeal swab cultures among the Japanese elderly at admission to a geriatric hospital

The isolation rate of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from pharyngeal swab cultures in the Japanese elderly was studied at admission to a geriatric hospital which had long-term care units. The subjects were 233 consecutive patients who were admitted to K Hospital in the time period April 1994 to March 1996. The isolation rate of MRSA and of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 10.3% and 8.2% respectively. The proportions of the patients with severely to moderately limited Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (ADL score = 0–1) (P < 0.01), those with fever (P < ;0.01), those with CRP positive (P = 0.04) and those with hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin<3.5 g/dl) (P < 0.01) were higher in the MRSA positive patients than in the negative patients while the proportion of the patients with fever was higher in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa positive patients than in the negative patients (P < 0.02). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the limitation of ADL (ADL score 0–1 vs 2–3, OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.02–2.33) and fever (with vs without, OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.18–2.66) remained as risk factors for the isolation of MRSA while only fever (with vs without, OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.11–2.53) remained as a risk factor for the isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.     

A study on prevalence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella in water sprinkled on fresh vegetables in Bareilly, Moradabad, and Kanpur (northern Indian cities)

Water-borne and food-borne diseases are common in summers and monsoons in India. This study between March 2004 to September 2004 on microbiological quality of water used by vegetable vendors to keep their vegetables fresh was conducted to asses the role of water as a source of Salmonella. Of the 309 samples collected from Bareilly (80 vegetable vendors, 47 ponds, five municipal water taps), Moradabad (74 vegetable vendors, three ponds, five municipal water taps) and Kanpur (84 vegetable vendors, six ponds, five municipal water taps), 82 (26.5%) and 27 (8.7%) had Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica strains, respectively. The study revealed that sprinkling water was contaminated with 0.00–6.81 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of coliforms, 4.16 log₁₀ to 9.46 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, 0.00 to 7.23 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of non-lactose fermenters, 0.00 to 5.56 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of Salmonella and 0.00 to 7.77 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of yeast and moulds. Similarly, microbial counts in pond water samples (Bareilly) were 0.00 to 6.06 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of faecal coliforms, 5.12 log₁₀ to 8.09 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, 0.00 to 6.37 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of non-lactose fermenters, 0.00 to 5.73 log₁₀ cfu ml⁻¹ of Salmonella and 0.00 to 7.82 cfu log₁₀ ml⁻¹ of yeasts and moulds. Presence of Salmonella in water sample had negative correlation with number of coliforms and positive correlation with number of non-lactose fermenters, as of the 16 (6.7%) Salmonella positive samples of water from vegetable vendors, ten were negative for coliforms. Similarly, of the 11 pond-water samples positive for Salmonella, six were negative for coliforms, and negative correlation (−0.55) between coliform count and Salmonella was statistically significant (r_0.01). On the other hand, Salmonella counts could be positively correlated (r_0.01) with counts of non-lactose fermenters. Salmonella isolates from water for sprinkling on vegetables belonged to S. Anatum (1), S. Newport (1), S. Saintpaul (6), S. Virchow (4) and S. Weltevreden (4) serovars while isolates pond water samples belonged to S. Saintpaul (9) and S. Newport (2) serovars. Except two Salmonella isolates (one each of serovar S. Anatum and S. Weltevreden), all had multiple drug resistance and could be classified into 21 resistotypes. All the Salmonella isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone and streptomycin while resistant to sulphamethizole. The study indicated that pond water (used by farmers for washing vegetables) and water used by vegetable vendors for sprinkling on vegetables might have an important role as a source of multiple-drug-resistant zoonotic Salmonella.     

Comparative hygienic surveillance of contamination with pseudomonads in a cystic fibrosis ward over a 4-year period

In order to study the long-term distribution and population dynamics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in a highly contaminated hospital environment, two 4-week epidemiological studies, with an interval of 4 years, were carried out in the cystic fibrosis (CF) ward of the Paediatric Clinic of the Medical School of Hannover. Out of the 1948 specimens taken, P. aeruginosa was mainly identified in those from moist, inanimate sources (200 isolates) and hospitalized CF patients (168 isolates). A correlation was established between the frequency with which P. aeruginosa-positive patients came into contact with hospital facilities and the rate of contamination of these facilities. Rooms reserved for colonized patients were more frequently contaminated with P. aeruginosa in contrast to function rooms in the same ward and the outpatient clinic. However, no direct exchange between patients' strains and the inanimate hospital environment was detected. Out of the 11 genotypes of P. aeruginosa found in 1989 and the 13 genotypes found in 1993, four genotypes were present on both occasions. The most predominant clone was found in tap-water, sinks, wash-basins and creams with an incidence of 34 and 68% in the environmental isolates. The strains seemed to have spread into the adjacent control ward during the 4-year interval. Thus, the separation of colonized and non-colonized patients was undermined through the transfer of strains from a highly contaminated environment without additional hygiene precautions.     

Pseudomonas aeruginosa orbital cellulitis in four neutropenic patients

Four neutropenic patients on a haematology ward developed orbital cellulitis due to different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa over a 7-month period. Investigation of patients and the ward environment revealed two P. aeruginosa isolates indistinguishable from the infecting strains in a plastic washing bowl and a sink in a single cubicle respectively. These items were unlikely to have been the sources of the infecting strains but were a potential cross infection hazard. Treatment of orbital cellulitis is discussed briefly.     

Experimental studies on the protective efficacy of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine

Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine (PV) containing cell proteins with molecular weight (M_r) 20 000–100 000 and up to 0.08% ( ) admixture of lipopolysaccharide was obtained by water—salt extraction and subsequent ultrafiltration. PV protects mice against experimental P. aeruginosa infection, stimulates production of specific protective antibodies in rabbit and does not provoke obvious toxicity in laboratory animals.     

Prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity of localPseudomonas aeruginosa at a teaching hospital

Prevalence of Pseudomonas infections and antimicrobial sensitivity of its strains prevalent at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria, has been reported. An overall infection rate by this organism was 5·9% of the infected cases. One hundred and thirty-one (94·6%) of the total 149 isolates were recovered from three sites, the ear, urinary tract and wounds. A relatively higher isolation rate was observed amongst inpatients. Except for Gentamycin, Carbenicillin and Colistin the majority of all the strains tested were resistant to the other drugs tested. Gentamycin was observed to be the most effective drug, and recommended as drug of choice for treatment of Pseudomonas infections. As a prophylactic antimicrobial drug and for infections other than those of Pseudomonas it should be used judiciously.     

Aerobic, anaerobic and fungal burn wound infections

One hundred and twenty-seven patients were studied prospectively for aerobic, anaerobic and fungal burn wound infections. All cases yielded organisms on culture. A total of 377 isolates were recovered (239 aerobes, 116 anaerobes and 22 fungi). Aerobic bacteria alone were present in 49 patients (38·6%). Anaerobic bacteria alone were present in four patients (3·2%). Candida sp. alone was present in one patient (0·8%). Mixed aerobic and/or anaerobic bacteria and/or fungi were present in 73 patients (57·5%). Fungi were isolated from 21 patients (23·9%) of 88 patients having fungal cultures. The predominant isolates recovered in descending order of frequency were: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides sp., Klebsiella sp. and Peptostreptococcus sp. There were 70 patients (55·1%) infected with anaerobic bacteria. The rate of recovery of anaerobes was higher in patients with open wound dressings (72·7%) than in patients with occlusive wound dressings (41·7%), (P < 0·01). Seventeen patients presented with septic shock, 15 of them (88·2%) yielding positive anaerobic cultures. Bacteroides sp. were isolated from 14 patients with septic shock, and were recovered from the four patients who had anaerobic infection alone. These results indicate a significant role of Bacteroides sp. in burn wound sepsis.     

湖南省细菌耐药监测网2012—2021年铜绿假单胞菌耐药性监测报告

目的 了解2012—2021年湖南省细菌耐药监测网监测医院临床分离铜绿假单胞菌的分布及耐药性变迁情况。方法 采用纸片扩散法或自动化仪器法对临床分离株作药物敏感性(药敏)试验,按美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)2022年版标准判断药敏试验结果,并应用WHONET 5.6软件进行统计分析。应用SPSS对数据进行趋势性检验(Cochran-armitage)及卡方检验。结果 2012—2021年湖南省耐药监测网共监测铜绿假单胞菌176 441株,其中,99.4%的菌株分离自住院患者,约70%的菌株分离自呼吸道标本;儿童(0～17岁)来源的铜绿假单胞菌占8.4%,成人来源的占91.6%。药敏结果显示,10年间铜绿假单胞菌对多黏菌素B最敏感,耐药率低于6%,对哌拉西林、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、氨曲南、亚胺培南、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、多黏菌素B的耐药率均呈下降趋势。共检出耐碳青霉烯类铜绿假单胞菌(CRPA)29 920株,该省CRPA 10年的平均分离率为18.0%。成人CRPA检出率为18.5%,高于儿童的12.3%,均呈下降趋势。结论 湖南省临...     

In vitro activity of commercially manufactured disinfectants againstPseudomonas aerugionsa

The in vitro activity of 17 commercially manufactured disinfectants routinely used in a large teaching hospital was tested against 128 strains ofPseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from hospitalized patients and the hospital environment. Except for quaternary ammonium salts, all the disinfectants at dilutions higher or equalling those recommended by the manufacturer were adequate to suppressP. aeruginosa. Chlorhexidine-, povidone-iodine- and glutaraldehyde-based disinfectants at dilutions 4 to 8-fold lower than the normal use dilution had a marked bactericidal effect (>3 log₁₀ reduction of viable cells) within a short time (10 to 120 min). Similar formulations produced by different manufacturers exhibited comparable activity againstP. aeruginosa.     

Diversity of resistance phenotypes and plasmid analysis in multi-resistant 0:12 Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antibiotic resistance phenotypes, plasmid content and ability of conjugal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes of 35 multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were examined. The strains were isolated in 12 Greek hospitals and the majority of them (80%) belonged to serotype 0:12. The isolates were distributed to a variety of different antibiotic resistance phenotypes. Plasmid analysis showed that 10 isolates harboured plasmids ranging in size from 20 to 100 Mda. Among these strains, four carried plasmids of 100 Mda, two strains had 60 Mda plasmid each while in three strains the plasmids detected were 65, 25 and 20 Mda, respectively. One strain harboured two plasmids of 100 and 60 Mda. All strains containing plasmids belonged to 0:12 serotype, except the one harbouring the 25 Mda plasmid, which belonged to serotype 0:6. Using a P. aeruginosa recipient resistant to rifampicin and ciprofloxacin, conjugal transfer was achieved in two occasions. These plasmids, 100 Mda in size, encoded high-level resistance to both gentamicin and tobramycin whereas resistance to other drugs was not transferable. Interestingly, all 100 Mda plasmids, including the self-tansferable ones, were found to share a certain degree of homology as judged by restriction analysis. It is suggested that both resistance phenotypes and analysis of plasmid content might be useful in subdividing 0:12 multi-resistant P. aeruginosa.     

Bacterial contamination of dental chair units in a modern dental hospital caused by leakage from suction system hoses containing extensive biofilm

Within six months of opening of the new Dublin Dental Hospital in September 1998, areas of corrosion were observed on many of the baseplates of the hospital's 103 dental chair units (DCUs) at the site of attachment of the suction hoses. The corroded areas were heavily contaminated with Pseudomonas spp. and related genera posing a risk of cross-infection, particularly for immunocompromised patients. These species were used as marker organisms to investigate the source of the contamination. P. aeruginosa was the predominant species recovered from 41 selected DCU baseplates (61% prevalence), whereas P. putida (46% prevalence) and P. aeruginosa (43% prevalence) were predominant at the attachment ends of 37 selected high-volume suction hoses. Forty-one selected isolates of P. aeruginosa from 13 DCU baseplates, 16 high-volume suction hoses and 12 coarse filter housings (another suction system site) from 19 separate DCUs were serotyped to determine the similarity of isolates at each site. The majority of isolates (68.3%) belonged to serotype O:10, while the remainder belonged to serotypes O:6 (7.3%), O:11 (7.3%), O:14 (9.8%) and O:5/O:16 (7.3%). Of the isolates from DCU baseplates, additional isolates with the same serotype were recovered from other suction system sites in 10/13 (77%) cases. Isolates of only one serotype were recovered from each of the 19 DCUs investigated. Forty-one serotyped isolates were also subject to computer-assisted analysis of SpeI-generated DNA fingerprint profiles, and similarity coefficient (S(AB)s) values were calculated for each pairwise combination of isolate profiles. The data obtained showed that the isolates consisted of two distinct main populations, each containing separate clades corresponding to specific serotypes. Serotype O:6 (three isolates), O:11 (three isolates) and O:5/O:16 (three isolates) belonged to a single strain in each case. Serotypes O:14 (four isolates) and O:10 (28 isolates) belonged to two strains in each case. The two serotype O:10 strains, termed fingerprint groups I (four isolates from three DCUs) and II (24 isolates from 10 DCUs), were the most distantly related of all the strains identified. These findings demonstrated that the hospital DCUs had become colonized with a small number of P. aeruginosa strains, one of which (serotype O:10, fingerprint group II) predominated. These results also confirmed that DCU baseplate contamination was most likely to be due to leakage from suction system hoses at the baseplate attachment sites, probably due to loosening during use. Replacement hose connectors that firmly retained the suction hoses in the attachment sites so that they could not be loosened by movement of the suction hoses solved this problem, and eliminated further contamination of the DCU baseplates.     

Nosocomial outbreak of severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in haematological patients

From June to September 1988, an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in neutropenic patients admitted to the Haematological Wards of Ospedali Riuniti in Bergamo, Italy, was detected. Out of 11 cases of P. aeruginosa infections, 8 were bacteremic. Of these, 7 died within few days of onset (mortality rate: 87.5%). Consequently, possible sources of infection were investigated, and moist areas of the hospital environment were shown to be highly contaminated by P. aeruginosa. A clinical and microbiological follow-up of patients admitted to the Haematological Wards was performed for a 10 month period following the outbreak. Adequate measures for cleaning and disinfection were shown to reduce the frequency of P. aeruginosa hospital infections.     

中国10个地区成年人腌制蔬菜摄入情况的流行病学特征分析

目的 描述中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）队列10个地区不同种类腌制蔬菜摄入的地区、时间和人群分布特征。方法 CKB项目分别在2004-2008年、2008年和2013-2014年开展了基线调查、第一次和第二次重复调查。根据10个地区第二次重复调查对象的咸菜和酸泡菜平均摄入频率,将调查地区分为摄入咸菜为主地区、摄入酸泡菜为主地区和几乎不摄入腌制蔬菜地区。然后分别在前两组地区中运用logistic回归描述腌制蔬菜摄入的时间变化趋势和人群分布特征,并分析其他膳食特征的分布情况。结果 摄入咸菜为主地区包括青岛、哈尔滨、苏州、浙江项目点,而摄入酸泡菜为主地区包括甘肃、四川项目点,两类地区分别纳入204 036和105 573名基线调查对象。摄入咸菜为主地区在基线调查、第一次和第二次重复调查腌制蔬菜的平均摄入频率分别为3.1、3.3、1.8 d/周;摄入酸泡菜为主地区相应的频率为2.8、2.7、1.6 d/周,均呈下降趋势（P<0.001）。基线调查时两类地区的已婚、文化程度较低者腌制蔬菜摄入频率均更高;摄入咸菜为主地区年龄较大者腌制蔬菜摄入频率更高,而摄入酸泡菜为主地区相反（P<0.001）。随着腌制蔬菜摄入频率的增加,两类地区经常摄入辣食、口味偏咸等人群比例也呈增加趋势（P<0.05）。结论 CKB项目人群的腌制蔬菜摄入种类和水平存在明显的地区和人群分布差异,摄入频率呈下降趋势,且与其他膳食特征存在相关。