溃疡性结肠炎患者血小板α颗粒膜蛋白和血小板平均容积检测及临床意义

目的 探讨血小板α颗粒膜蛋白（GMP-140）和血小板平均容积（MPV）在溃疡性结肠炎（UC）发生发展中的作用。方法 检测67例UC患者（观察组）及30例健康人（对照组）血清GMP-140水平和MPV,分析两者与UC病情的相关性。结果 观察组GMP-140水平明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）,活动期患者明显高于缓解期患者（P〈0．05）;观察组MPV明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）,活动期患者明显低于缓解期患者（P〈0．05）;UC病情为重度、中度患者GMP-140水平明显高于轻度者（P〈0．05）、重度者明显高于中度者（P〈0．05）;重度、中度患者MPV明显低于轻度组（P〈0．05）、重度者明显低于中度者（P〈0．05）。结论 GMP-140和MPV可反映UC的病情活动性及严重程度。     

心力衰竭患者体内血小板活化状态的临床研究

用放免法测定了３６例充血性心力衰竭患者和２０例健康人血小板膜表面α－颗粒膜蛋白（ＧＭＰ－１４０）含量和血浆血栓素Ｂ２（ＴＸＢ２）浓度。结果显示，心力衰竭患者血小板膜表面ＧＭＰ－１４０及血浆ＴＸＢ２较正常对照组明显升高，心功能越差，升高越明显。伴严重室性心律失常者及顽固性心力衰竭死亡者血小板膜表面ＧＭＰ－１４０、血浆ＴＸＢ２升高尤为显著，提示心力衰竭患者体内血小板高度激活，血小板活化与心力衰竭患者病情的严重程度有一定的关系。     

血小板活化在高血压病中的临床意义

采用放免法测定36例高血压病患者和20例正常人血小板膜表面α-颗粒膜蛋白（GMP－140）分子数。结果显示，高血压病患者血小板膜表面GMP－140分子数显著高于正常组，且其含量与舒张压正相关（r＝0．6512，P＜0．01），而与高血压病分期无关。10例高血压病患者经降压药治疗后，血小板膜表面GMP－140分子数随血压下降而显著减少。提示血小板活化可能参与高血压病的病理生理过程。     

低分子肝素对维持性血液透析患者血脂的影响

肝素主要用于体内外血液抗凝，通常又称未分段肝素（ｕｎｆｒａｃｔｉｏｎａｔｅｄｈｅｐａｒｉｎ，ＵＦＨ），分子量在６０００～２００００。低分子肝素（ｌｏｗｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｗｅｉｇｈｔｈｅｐａｒｉｎ，ＬＭＷＨ）来自于肝素的片段，分子量通常在４０００～６０００，亦能有效抗凝。心血管疾病是尿毒症维持性血液透析患者死亡的一个重要原因，高脂血症作为此类疾病的高危因素已受到广泛重视［１，２］，改善维持性血液透析患者的血脂异常将有助于提高其存活率。在血液透析体内外抗凝过程中，肝素作为标准抗凝剂的广泛使用已表现出…     

急性心肌梗塞溶栓治疗中血小板活化状态的动态改变

血小板表面CMP－140是反映血小板活化的特异性指标。应用活化依赖性单克隆抗体测定27例急性心肌梗塞（AMI）患者联合溶栓、常规治疗中血小板表面GMP－140、血浆内GMP-140，以及血浆血栓素B2、6-酮-前列腺素F1α的改变。观察到以上指标在AMI早期增高，说明血小板处于高活化状态。在AMI不同治疗中以上指标呈不同的动态变化。溶栓再通患者的血小板表面GMP－140比未再通的患者较早恢复正常。结果提示血小板表面GMP－140与血栓形成及溶解有关，是判定溶栓效果的一项重要指标。在AMI患者溶栓同时联合应用特异性高、效力强的抗血小板药物将对溶栓治疗产生促进作用。     

血液透析患者肝素诱导性血小板减少伴血栓形成一例

患者,女性,61岁.喘憋伴尿量减少1周,于2014年2月12日入院.体格检查：T 36℃,P 63次/分,R 17次/分,BP146/88 mmHg,神志清楚,自主体位,面容无异常,口唇紫绀,双肺呼吸音粗,未闻及干湿性罗音,心界向两侧扩大,心音不等,心律不齐,HR 63次/分,各瓣膜听诊区未闻及杂音,腹部平坦,腹软,无压痛及反跳痛,双下肢水肿（＋）.入院后查血常规白细胞7.5×10^9/L,N 0.69,红细胞3.92×10^9/L,血红蛋白125g/L,血小板237×10^9/L,尿素氮42.27 mmol/L,血肌酐876.3μmol/L,血钾6.33 mmol/L,B型钠尿肽2 980 pg/ml.     

低分子肝素用于血液透析抗凝

本文使用低分子肝素作为抗凝剂一生给药进行血液透析，观察了２６例患者２９４次血液透析的疗效。结果显示，使用Ｆｒａｇｍｉｎ抗凝时，透析器重复使用平均４．５次，未见明显透析器内及透析管路凝血。     

脑梗死患者血小板活化程度与血清镁浓度的关系

血小板表面α 颗粒膜蛋白 140 (GMP 140 )是判断血小板活化的直接标志。我们测定 30例急性脑梗死 (ACI)患者血清Mg2 +浓度和血小板表面GMP 140含量 ,并分析其间的相互关系及临床意义 ,报道如下。1　资料与方法病例组ACI患者 30例 ,男性 2 0例 ,女性 10例 ,年龄 45～80 (6 3.79± 9.93)岁 ,全部为首次发病 ,病程在 1周以内。诊断均符合第二届全国脑血管病学术会议第三次修订的诊断标准 ,经头颅CT或磁共振成像证实。排除心肌梗死、糖尿病、肝肾病变及近期应用抗血小板药物的患者。对照组 2 5例 ,男性 17例 ,女性 8例 ,年龄 45～ 76 (6 …     

低分子肝素与普通肝素在血液透析中对血脂的影响

目的探讨长期应用低分子肝素(LMWH)与普通肝素(UFH)抗凝治疗对血液透析患者脂质代谢的影响.方法选择病情稳定血液透析半年以上的尿毒症患者31例,分成UFH组(15例)和LMWH组(16例)两组,第1年2组均按个体化使用肝素抗凝;第2年前组继续使用肝素抗凝,而后组改用LMWH,于血透前动脉端1次注入LMWH.2组分别于实验前、实验第1年和实验第2年结束时检测血浆胆固醇(CH)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、脂蛋白LP(a)及载脂蛋白(ApoA1、ApoB)水平.结果 UFH组患者随着透析时间的延长,血浆CH、TG、LDL、ApoB水平明显升高,HDL、ApoA1明显降低,而LMWH组患者前1年使用UFH,血脂变化与同期UFH组相似,改用LMWH 1年后CH、TG、LDL和Apo-B水平明显降低,HDL、ApoA1水平升高.结论长期使用肝素可引起脂质代谢异常,低分子肝素在一定程度上可以缓解高脂血症和改善脂质代谢.     

辛伐他汀对冠心病患者低密度脂蛋白氧化修饰及血小板活化状态的影响

为观察辛伐他汀对冠心病患者低密度脂蛋白氧化修饰及血小板活化状态的影响,选择冠心病患者和正常对照者各３８例,以血浆氧化型低密度脂蛋白浓度作为脂蛋白氧化修饰的指标,血小板α颗粒膜蛋白、血栓素Ｂ２作为血小板活化状态的指标,比较冠心病患者服用辛伐他汀前后氧化型低密度脂蛋白、血小板α颗粒膜蛋白和血栓素Ｂ２的变化及与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的关系。结果发现,冠心病患者治疗后血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度显著升高,血浆氧化型低密度脂蛋白、血小板α颗粒膜蛋白及血栓素Ｂ２浓度明显降低,但仍未达到正常组水平。直线相关分析显示,氧化型低密度脂蛋白与血小板α颗粒膜蛋白及血栓素Ｂ２之间呈显著正相关。结果提示,辛伐他汀治疗后可显著提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,而有效抑制低密度脂蛋白的氧化修饰及血小板活化,本研究还揭示了动脉粥样硬化脂质浸润学说与血栓学说之间存在的部分内在联系。     

Effects of high altitude and sea level on mean platelet volume and platelet count in patients with acute coronary syndrome

A relationship exists between exposure to high altitude and increased coagulability. Mean platelet volume is a parameter of platelet functions and may be a marker for increased platelet aggregability. The aim of this study was to compare the mean platelet volumes and platelet counts in patients who experienced an acute coronary event at moderately high altitude and at sea altitude. Four hundred and one patients who experienced an acute coronary event were enrolled, of them 211 were born and had been living at the sea level, while 190 were born and had been living at high altitude (at least 2,000 m above the sea level). Patients were compared regarding the mean platelet volumes and platelet counts. The mean platelet volumes were significantly higher in patients living in high altitude (P = 0,001). No statistically significant differences were found among the groups regarding the platelet counts. As a result, this increased MPV values in highlanders who experienced an acute coronary event may reflect increased platelet aggregability.     

The association of mean platelet volume levels with hypertensive retinopathy

The pathophysiological mechanism of hypertensive retinopathy (HR) is not fully established. Elevated blood pressure alone does not fully account for the extent of retinopathy so other pathogenic mechanisms may be involved, such as increased platelet activation. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a marker of platelet activation. Therefore, this study was designed to answer the following questions: Do MPV levels change in HR? and is there any relation between degree of HR and MPV levels? This study included newly diagnosed and 57 untreated essential hypertensive patients with HR. The hypertensive patients were divided into two groups according to the Keith, Wagener classification. Group 1 comprised 29 hypertensive patients with grade 1 HR with a mean age of 56.8 ± 9.7 years. Group 2 comprised 28 hypertensive patients with grade 2 HR with a mean age of 58.1 ± 10.3 years. Twenty-seven normotensive subjects who were the healthy participants and had undergone the check-up program were used as the control group. Fundoscopic examination, metabolic parameters and MPV levels were measured in all groups. The level of MPV in group 2 was significantly higher than in group 1 (8.9 ± 0.8 fl vs.8.3 ± 0.8 fl, p = 0.02) and the normotensive control group (8.9 ± 0.8 fl vs 7.8 ± 0.7 fl, p < 0.001). It was also higher in group 1 than in normotensive control group (8.3 ± 0.8 fl vs.7.8 ± 0.7 fl, p < 0.01). In addition, MPV showed a positive correlation with the degree of HR in the hypertensive group (r = 0.41, p = 0.015). Our study suggests that platelet activation, a mechanism known to be involved in vascular lesions, may promote the development of HR.     

Role of mean platelet volume in triagging acute coronary syndromes

Background: Acute coronary syndromes, characterized by the rupture of unstable plaque and the subsequent thrombotic process involving platelets, have been increasing in relative frequency. The central role of platelet activation has long been noticed in this pathophysiology; hence, many therapies have been directed against it. In this study, we have aimed to search prospectively the value of mean platelet volume (MPV), which is a simple and accurate measure of the functional status of platelets, in patients hospitalized with diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Materials and methods: A total of 216 consecutive patients (156 male, 60 female) hospitalized with the diagnosis of non-ST segment elevation (NSTE) ACS within the first 24 h of their chest pain were enrolled. One hundred and twenty patients, matched according to sex and age, with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) (85 male, 35 female) were enrolled as a control group. Patients were classified into two group: those with unstable angina (USAP, n = 105) and those with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI, n = 111). Results: MPVs were 10.4 +/- 0.6 fL, 10 +/- 0.7 fL, 8.9 +/- 0.7 fL consecutively for NSTEMI, USAP and stable CHD with significant differences. Patients with ischemic attacks in the first day of hospitalization accompanied by >0.05 mV ST segment shift had significantly higher MPV compared to those without such attacks (P = 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis yielded that MPV (P = 0.016), platelet count (P < 0.001), and the presence of >0.05 mV ST segment depression at admission (P = 0.002) were independent predictors of development of NSTEMI in patients presenting with NSTE ACS. Conclusion: In patients presenting with NSTE ACS, higher MPV, though there are overlaps among subgroups, indicates not only more risk of having NSTEMI but also ischemic complications.     

The relationship between mean platelet volume and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background&aimMean platelet volume (MPV) is suggested as a marker of platelet reactivity and tendency for thrombosis and microvascular complications like albuminuria in patients with type 2 DM. We aimed to measure the MPV in patients with type 2 DM and its correlation with albuminuria, body mass index (BMI), duration of DM, hypertension (HTN), stroke, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and HbA1c level.MethodsA cross sectional study included 100 patients with type 2 DM ≥ 18 y of both genders who were randomly selected from the medical units of Baghdad Teaching Hospital. After taking verbal consents; MPV was measured&correlated with aimed variables. Diabetics with HbA1c ≤ 7% were considered as having adequate control while those with (HbA1c) > 7% as having poor control. Albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) in urine was measured and classified into normal, moderately and severely increased. Odds ratios with 95% CI were calculated and P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsThe mean MPV was 7.7 fl ± 1.2. Regarding ACR, 42% had normal level, 37% with moderately increased and 21% had severely increased level. Regarding HbA1c, 68% were having poorly controlled DM. Mean platelets’ count and MPV were higher in the uncontrolled group with a statistically significant association. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between MPV and albuminuria, duration of DM, HTN, IHD, Stroke, BMI, HbA1c, and platelets count.ConclusionsThe mean MPV was statistically significantly higher in the uncontrolled DM group and there was a statistically significant positive correlation between MPV and albuminuria.     

Ratio of mean platelet volume to platelet count is a potential surrogate marker predicting liver cirrhosis

AIM To provide a simple surrogate marker predictive of liver cirrhosis(LC).METHODS Specimens from 302 patients who underwent resection for hepatocellular carcinoma between January 2006 and December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on pathologic findings, patients were divided into groups based on whether or not they had LC. Parameters associated with hepatic functional reserve were compared in these two groups using MannWhitney U-test for univariate analysis. Factors differing significantly in univariate analyses were entered into multivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS There were significant differences between the LC group(n = 100) and non-LC group(n = 202) in prothrombin activity, concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, albumin, cholinesterase, type Ⅳ collagen, hyaluronic acid, indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min, maximal removal rate of technitium-99 m diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin and ratio of mean platelet volume to platelet count(MPV/PLT). Multivariate analysis showed that prothrombin activity, concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and hyaluronic acid, and MPV/PLT ratio were factors independently predictive of LC. The area under the curve value for MPV/PLT was 0.78,with a 0.8 cutoff value having a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 78%.CONCLUSION The MPV/PLT ratio, which can be determined simply from the complete blood count, may be a simple surrogate marker predicting LC.     

Diagnostic importance of admission platelet volume indices in patients with acute chest pain suggesting acute coronary syndrome

Objective

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a challenging issue in cardiovascular medicine. Given platelet role in atherothrombosis, we sought to determine whether platelet indices can be used as diagnostic tests for patients who suffered from an acute chest discomfort.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled 862 patients with an acute chest pain and 184 healthy matched controls. They were divided into four groups: 184 controls, 249 of non-ACS, 421 of unstable angina (UA), and 192 of myocardial infarction (MI) cases. Blood samples were collected at admission to the emergency department for routine hematologic tests.

Results

The mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) were significantly greater in patients with MI compared with those of non-ACS or control subjects. Negative and significant correlations existed between MPV, PDW, and P-LCR values and platelet count (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR with cut-off values of 9.15 fL, 11.35 fL, and 20.25% and with area under the curves of 0.563, 0.557, and 0.560, respectively, detected MI patients among those who had chest discomfort. The sensitivities and specificities were found to be 72% and 40%, 73% and 37%, and 68% and 44% for MPV, PDW, and P-LCR, respectively.

Conclusion

An elevated admission MPV, PDW, and P-LCR may be of benefit to detect chest pain resulting in MI from that of non-cardiac one, and also for risk stratification of patients who suffered from an acute chest discomfort.     

The effects of time from venepuncture and choice of anticoagulant on mean platelet volume estimations

Summary The Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) is a readily measured parameter using modern automated cell counters. Despite studies which indicate that MPV may be altered in various disease states, its widespread application has been hindered by its known dependence on factors such as time from venepuncture, choice of anticoagulant and sample storage temperature. In this report we describe the changes in MPV measured on a Technicon H1 analyser with time from sampling using two different anticoagulants under clinical laboratory conditions. Small changes in MPV with time were seen in both anticoagulants. These were statistically significant by Student's paired t-test but, on analysis of variance, were not significant compared with the variation in MPV between individuals. The well-documented effects of time, temperature and anticoagulant on MPV need not interfere with the interpretation of a result from a sample dealt with under similar conditions to those applying in this study.     

急性心肌梗死患者心室血栓与血小板体积和数量的相关性

目的分析急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者并发左心室血栓与平均血小板体积(MPV)和血小板计数(PLT)的相关性。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2011年4月在阜外心血管病医院住院治疗的69例AMI并心室血栓形成患者,及138例与之年龄匹配(1∶2)的无心室血栓形成的AMI患者。比较两组患者入院时和入院后第6～8天两个时间点的MPV和PLT变化特点,以及分析MPV和PLT的相关性。结果两组患者入院时MPV差异无统计学意义[(10.3±1.0)fl比(10.3±0.8)fl,P=0.854],入院后第6～8天心室血栓组患者的MPV明显高于无心室血栓组[(11.1±1.7)fl比(10.7±0.7)fl,P=0.029]。入院时和入院后第6～8天PLT在两组间差异均无统计学意义(P=0.587、0.807)。入院后第6～8天患者MPV与PLT的关联表现为线性关系。结论 AMI患者MPV增大可能与心室血栓形成相关。     

Coronary heart disease is associated with mean platelet volume in type 2 diabetic patients

Background: Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation which is a central process in the pathophysiology of coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of the study was twofold; first to determine whether MPV values is increased in patients with DM, and secondly to evaluate the relation between diabetic complications and MPV. Methods: The study population included 258 patients divided into two groups. Group A composed of 158 type 2 diabetic patients with coexistent coronary artery disease (stenotic lesions of 50%) (78 women, 80 men; mean age 53.9_10.8; mean diabetes duration 13.1_6.0). One hundred subjects (48 women, 52 men; mean age 53.9_11) without type 2 diabetes with normal coronary angiographies were taken as the control group (group B). To evaluate the extension of CHD, Gensini scoring system was used. Results: The MPV was significantly different in the patient group compared to the controls (9.79 ± 1.5 fl vs 8.3 ± 0.9 fl, P<0.001). The existence of CHD was associated with MPV with odds ratio (95% CI) of 2.31 (1.55–4.42, p50.001). Conclusion: We have found that diabetic patients with coronary heart disease have significantly higher MPV values compared to control subjects without diabetes and with angiographically normal coronary arteries.     

Assessment of mean platelet volume and soluble CD40 ligand levels in patients with non-dipper hypertension,dippers and normotensives

Abstract

Objective: Patients with a lack of nocturnal decline in blood pressure (BP) are at an increased risk for cardiovascular events. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) are accepted biomarkers of platelet activation and considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether MPV and sCD40L levels are higher in non-dipper hypertensive (NDHT) patients than in dipper hypertensive (DHT) patients and healthy controls.

Methods: 124 consecutive patients were included to this study. Patients were divided into three groups: NDHT patient group [n?=?43; mean age 51.8?±?6.6; 31?males (72.1%)]; DHT patient group [n?=?41; mean age 50.2?±?7.3; 22?males (53.7%)]; and normotensive group [n?=?40; mean age 49.9?±?6.7; 22?males (55%)]. Physical examination, laboratory work-up and 24-h ABPM were performed for all participants.

Results: The sCD40L and MPV levels were significantly higher in the NDHT group than in the DHT and normotensive groups (p?<?0.05). In correlation analysis, MPV, 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP), 24-h diastolic blood pressure (DBP), night-time SBP and night-time DBP were positively correlated with sCD40L.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that MPV and sCD40L levels were significantly higher in NDHT patients compared to DHT and normotensive patients. sCD40L levels were positively correlated with MPV, 24-h SBP, 24-h DBP, night-time SBP and night-time DBP.