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1.
Sukontason K Piangjai S Siriwattanarungsee S Sukontason KL 《Parasitology research》2008,102(6):1207-1216
The larval morphology and developmental rate of Chrysomya megacephala (F.) and Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart), the two most forensically important blowfly species in Thailand, are presented. Morphological comparison of the
third instar of both species revealed different characteristics (e.g., body appearance, cephalopharyngeal skeleton, dorsal
cuticular spines between the prothorax and mesothorax, and feature of the posterior spiracle), thereby, allowing correct identification.
A data analysis was conducted in Chiang Mai province, Northern Thailand during 2000–2001 on the developmental rate of both
flies under natural ambient temperature and a natural light–dark photoperiod. The results indicated that larvae of C. megacephala developed more rapidly in April, pupariation initiated at 84 h at temperatures averaging 31.4°C, and the larvae grew slower
in the rainy season and winter. Similarly, rapid development of C. rufifacies larvae appeared in the summer, with a pupariation period as short as 96 h in June (average temperature 27.4°C). Analysis
of the median body length of C. megacephala and C. rufifacies larvae in different seasons of the years 2000–2001 in Thailand revealed that both species developed rapidly in the summer;
pupariation of C. rufifacies initiated at 144 h, while C. megacephala initiated pupariation at 156 h. This information is potentially useful for estimating the postmortem interval of a corpse
in forensic investigations, where the corpse becomes infesting with these fly species.
This work has been presented at the 21st Pacific Science Congress held in Okinawa, Japan, in 12–18 June, 2007. 相似文献
2.
Having studied 11 herring gulls (Larus argentatus) Sarcocystis cysts were found in neck and leg muscles of 4 birds. One type of sarcocysts (cyst type I) that have a thin (∼1.0 μm), smooth,
or slightly wavy cyst wall without clearly visible protrusions and small (6.0–8.0 μm) lancet- or banana-shaped cystozoites
was identified by the light microscopy. Sarcocysts extracted from one herring gull were used for electron microscopy and DNA
analysis. Ultrastructurally, Sarcocystis sp. from the herring gull had the same tissue cyst wall type-1 as S. calchasi, S. columbae, and S. wobeseri parasitizing in birds. According to first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) region, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA gene sequences,
Sarcocystis sp. from the herring gull belongs to S. wobeseri. Nevertheless, without evidences of cross-transmission experiment sarcocysts extracted from herring gull at present time
are named as S. wobeseri-like. 相似文献
3.
Dracunculus brasiliensis sp. n. (Dracunculidae), is described based on a single female specimen found in the body cavity of the anaconda, Eunectes murinus (L.) (Ophidia: Boidae), from the Mexiana Island, Amazon River delta, Brazil and one female previously recorded from the subcutaneous
tissue of this host species imported from South America into Europe (ZOO in the Czech Republic). The new species is characterised
mainly by markedly large, anteriorly protruding dorsal and ventral double papillae of the internal circle and small lateral
papillae of the same circle, a widely rounded caudal end, the excretory pore situated just posterior to the nerve ring, a
distinctly transversely striated cuticle and by the length (396–429 μm) of larvae from uterus. This is the first species of
Dracunculus described from reptiles in South America. 相似文献
4.
Zlatka M. Dimitrova 《Acta parasitologica / Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Warszawa, Poland》2009,54(1):53-56
In total, 2097 individuals of Trachelipus squamuliger and 20 individuals of Armadillidium vulgare from four habitats (three woodland sites and one pasture) in the region of Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, were examined for the
presence of cystacanths of Plagiorhynchus cylindraceus, a common acanthocephalan parasite of passerine birds. In T. squamuliger from woodland habitats, cystacanths were found with prevalence 4.0–9.3%, intensity 1–5 (mean 1.22–1.57) and mean abundance
0.057–0.113. No significant differences were observed between infections in males and females of T. squamuliger. None of the T. squamuliger individuals from the pasture examined was infected. Out of 48 infected females of T. squamuliger, only one had developed eggs (in agreement with previous studies revealing the negative effect of the cystacanths on the
development of female gonads of woodlice). One individual of A. vulgare was infected with a single cystacanth. The occurrence of P. cylindraceus in T. squamuliger is a new host record. 相似文献
5.
In the present study activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using Plumeria rubra plant latex against second and fourth larval instar of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi was determined. Range of concentrations of synthesized AgNps (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.3125 ppm) and aqueous crude latex
(1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.50, 31.25 ppm) were tested against larvae of A. aegypti and A. Stephensi. The synthesized AgNps from P. rubra latex were highly toxic than crude latex extract in both mosquito species. The LC50 values for second and fourth larval instars after 24 h of crude latex exposure were 1.49, 1.82 ppm against A. aegypti and 1.10, 1.74 ppm against A. stephensi respectively. These figures were 181.67, 287.49 ppm against A. aegypti and 143.69, 170.58 ppm against A. stephensi respectively for crude latex extract. The mortality rates were positively correlated with the concentration of AgNPs. The
characterization studies of synthesized AgNPs by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Particle
size analysis (PSA) and zeta potential confirmed the spherical shape and size (32–200 nm) of silver nanoparticles alongwith
stability. Toxicity studies carried out against non-target fish species Poecilia reticulata, the most common organism in the habitats of A. aegypti and A. stephensi showed no toxicity at LC50 and LC90 doses of the AgNPs. This is the first report on mosquito larvicidal activity of latex synthesized nanoparticles. 相似文献
6.
By light microscopy, cysts of Sarcocystis sp. (cyst type I) from the goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) seemed filamentous with a smooth and thin (<1 μm) cyst wall. Ultrastructurally, the cyst wall surface was irregular with
minute undulations of the primary cyst wall. These sarcocysts had type-1 cyst wall. Cystozoites were banana-shaped and measured
7.0–8.5 μm in length. By light microscopy, cysts of Sarcocystis sp. (cyst type II) from the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) were ribbon-shaped, very long, and thin. On the surface of the wall (up to 1.5 μm), they had palisade-like villar protrusions
closely crowded together. Electron micrographs showed villar protrusions (up to 1.3 μm in length) different in size and shape.
The latter had short microprojections especially obvious in the oblique sections. Cystozoites were slightly bent with blunt
ends, broader at one end, and measured 13.0–16.1 × 1.8–2.5 μm. Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of partial 28S
rRNR gene sequences of Sarcocystis sp. (cyst type II) derived from the mallard, Sarcocystis sp. (cyst type I) and Sarcocystis sp. (cyst type III) both derived from the white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) suggested that these sequences belonged to separate Sarcocystis species. 相似文献
7.
The systematics of the Ostertagiinae is unsettled with no agreement on how many genera and species are present in cattle and
sheep. Ten species of Ostertagiinae are commonly parasitic in cattle and sheep. In the global fauna, six of 13 ostertagiine
genera are endemic to Iran. The life cycle of Ostertaginae is direct and ingested third-stage larvae after exsheatment in
the rumen, penetrate the gastric glands in the abomasal mucosa where two parasitic moults occur before the L5 emerges from
the gland. In the present work, Marshallagia marshalli and Ostertagia occidentalis, collected from the abomasums of sheep from Mashhad, Iran, is described. The association of light and scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) allowed a detailed analysis of the morphology and ultrastructure of these nematodes. The male body length of M. marshalli and O. occidentalis were 9.3–10.20 and 9.60–10.50 mm, respectively. The female body length of M. marshalli and O. occidentalis were 10.10–15.30 and 10.4–15.70 mm, respectively. One of cervical papillae is seen 333 and 250 μm from the anterior end of
male and female body surface in O. occidentalis and 287.5 and 200 μm from the anterior end of male and female body surface in M. marshalli, respectively. The size of cervical papillae is 13.3 μm in male and 10 μm in female in O. occidentalis and 9.33 μm in male and 8.57 μm in female in M. marshalli. Some other taxonomic features of M. marshalli and O. occidentalis, such as details of cephalic region, the system of longitudinal and surface cuticular ridges (synlophe), the orientation
of rays of the copulatory bursa, localization of vulva, morphology of vulvar flap, and posterior end of females are also documented
by SEM. 相似文献
8.
Charles R. Bursey Stephen R. Goldberg A. M. Bauer 《Acta parasitologica / Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Warszawa, Poland》2009,54(1):41-44
Falcaustra desilvai sp. nov. (Ascaridida, Kathlaniidae) from the large intestine of Cnemaspis aff. tropidogaster (Squamata, Gekkonidae) is described and illustrated. Falcaustra desilvai represents the 4th nematode species from Sri Lanka to be assigned to the genus and is distinguished from other Sri Lankan
species by the distribution pattern of caudal papillae (12 precloacal, 2 adcloacal, 10 postcloacal, and 1 median), length
of spicules (956–1046 μm) and absence of a pseudosucker. 相似文献
9.
Glutathione S-transferase activity has been shown to be associated with the microsomal fraction of Taenia solium. Electron microscopy and subcellular enzyme markers indicate the purity of the microsomal fraction that contains the glutathione
S-transferase activity. T. solium microsomes were solubilized under conditions used to solubilize integral microsomal proteins. This procedure proved necessary
to obtain enzymatic activity. To characterize this parasite enzyme activity, several substrates and inhibitors were used.
The optimum activity for microsomal glutathione S-transferase was found to be pH 6.6, with a specific enzyme activity of 0.9, 0.1, 0.067, 0.03, and 0.05 μmol min−1 mg−1 with the substrates 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene, 4-hydroxynonenal, 2,4-hexadienal, and
trans-2-nonenal, respectively. No activity of glutathione peroxidase was observed. T. solium microsomes had an app
K
m (GSH) = 0.161 μM, app
K
m (CDNB) = 14.5 μM, and app
V
max of 0.15 and 27.9 μmol min−1 mg−1 for GSH and CDNB, respectively. T. solium microsomes were inhibited by several glutathione S-transferase enzyme inhibitors, and it was possible to establish a simple inhibition system as well as corresponding K
i
’s for each inhibitor. These results indicate that the T. solium microsomal glutathione S-transferase is different from the parasite cytoplasmic enzymes that catalyze similar reactions. 相似文献
10.
A new species, Stephanoprora aylacostoma is described and its life cycle was resolved experimentally. The prosobranch snail Aylacostoma chloroticum Hylton Scott, collected in the Yacyretá dam, Province of Misiones, Argentina, was found naturally infected with large-tailed
cercariae possessing a prepharyngeal body and corpuscles in the excretory system but lacking collar spines. Metacercariae,
which encysted on the gills of experimentally infected fishes Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns) and Poecilia reticulata (Peters) (Poecilidae), developed collar spines after 10 days. Tetragonopterid fishes Moenckhausia dichroura (Kner), Astyanax erythropterus (Holmberg) and Hyphesobrycon serpae (Durbin in Eigenmann) were found infected naturally. Sexually mature adults were recovered from domestic chicks at day 7
post-exposure. Eggs shed in chick faeces developed to miracidia within 13–15 days; sporocysts were found on the gills of snails.
The new species differs from other species of the genus in its larger eggs, in the smaller, slender body and smaller collar
spines of the adult and in the morphological and biological features of the larval stages. 相似文献
11.
This study was conducted to isolate and identify natural entomopathogenic fungi from female Culex quinquefasciatus and to test their adulticidal activity. Field-collected female C. quinquefasciatus died early and were placed on a Saboraud’s dextrose agar plates for growth and isolation of natural entomopathogenic fungi.
The plates were maintained in an incubator at 24 ± 2°C for 3 days. Four fungal species were isolated in two genera namely,
Aspergillus and Fusarium. The identified fungal species were A. niger, A. flavus, A. nidulans var acristatus (ITCC-6327.04), and F. pallidoroseum (ITCC-6324.06). Adult bioassays were carried out using spore-impregnated paper in WHO-holding tubes. F. pallidoroseum was found to be more effective than the others. Exposure of C. quinquefasciatus to spores of A. flavus and A. niger for 4 h caused 5.53% and 5.51% mortality in the mosquitoes within a week, respectively. All the female C. quinquefasciatus were killed within 4 days of exposure to F. pallidoroseum at a concentration of 1.11 × 1010 conidia per m2. Significant difference of longevity was observed between the F. pallidoroseum-treated C. quinquefasciatus and control mosquitoes. The LT50 of F. pallidoroseum was 2.08 days for 4 h exposure to C. quinquefasciatus. Results of the present study confirm that F. pallidoroseum is one of the alternative biological control agents of adult mosquitoes. 相似文献
12.
The oocysts of Eimeria biarmicus sp. n. were described from the feces of the lanner falcon, Falco biarmicus, collected from the falcon market in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of infection was 5% (2/40). The majority of
the oocysts examined had completed sporulation within 84 h at 24 ± 2°C. Sporulated oocysts are ovoid in shape, measuring 22.4 × 17.9
(20.5–24.7 × 15.8–18.5) μm; shape index (L/W) is 1.25 (1.14–1.36) μm. The oocyst wall is smooth and bi-layered. Micropyle
and oocyst residuum are absent. A polar granule is present, consisting of 2–4 globules. Sporocysts are ovoid, 10.1 × 6.1 (9.4–11.2 × 5.4–6.8)
μm; with a smooth single-layered wall and a minute Stieda body, but there is no substieda body. The sporocyst residuum consists
of numerous small granules. Sporozoites are comma shaped, each contains two refractile bodies. E. biarmicus sp. n. is the second eimerian species described from F. biarmicus. 相似文献
13.
Franti?ek?Moravec Miloslav?Jirk? Harrison?Charo-Karisa ?árka?Ma?ová 《Parasitology research》2009,105(4):1047-1052
A new species of dracunculoid nematode, Mexiconema africanum sp. n. (Daniconematidae), is described from the abdominal cavity and the intestine (rarely also the gall bladder) of the
catfish Auchenoglanis occidentalis (Valenciennes) (Claroteidae, Siluriformes) from Lake Turkana, Kenya. The new species differs from two other congeners mainly
in the absence of two large cell nuclei in the glandular oesophagus, presence of well-developed lateral cephalic elevations,
more numerous (14) cephalic papillae and a much longer body of the gravid female (18–22 mm); from Mexiconema cichlasomae Moravec, Vidal and Salgado Maldonado, 1992 also in less numerous (two) caudal processes and a different arrangement of genital
papillae in the male. M. africanum is the first representative of the dracunculoid family Daniconematidae described from Africa. 相似文献
14.
Sergei V. Shekhovtsov Alexei V. Katokhin Konstantin V. Romanov Vladimir V. Besprozvannykh Konstantin P. Fedorov Natalia I. Yurlova Elena A. Serbina Paiboon Sithithaworn Nikolai A. Kolchanov Viatcheslav A. Mordvinov 《Parasitology research》2009,106(1):293-297
Opisthorchis felineus, O. viverrini, and Clonorchis sinensis, the trematodes of the family Opisthorchiidae, are important human parasites. Two previous studies (Kang et al. Parasitol
Int 57:191–197, 2008; Katokhin et al. Dokl Biochem Biophys 421:214–217, 2008) have provided evidence using ribosomal and mitochondrial sequences that O. viverrini, O. felineus, and C. sinensis are closely related. We developed a novel nuclear marker, Pm-int9, which included the ninth intron of the paramyosin gene
and flanking exon sequences. Samples of O. felineus from four localities of West Siberia, C. sinensis from the Russian Far East, and O. viverrini from Thailand were genotyped by Pm-int9. Little variation was detected in exon sequences, however, intron sequences turned
out to be more variable than ribosomal internal transcribed spacers. We can conclude that Pm-int9 is valuable for interspecific
variation studies. Phylogenetic analysis based on Pm-int9 revealed that O. viverrini and C. sinensis were closer to each other than either of them to O. felineus, supporting the opinion that C. sinensis should be considered the sister species of Opisthorchis spp. 相似文献
15.
Baochen Liu Shuqian Zhang Luping Zhang 《Acta parasitologica / Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Warszawa, Poland》2011,56(2):208-212
Falcaustra sinensis sp. nov. collected from the feces of Indotestudo elongata (Blyth) is described and illustrated. The new species can be distinguished from the congeners by the arrangement of caudal
papillae of the male (6 pairs precloacal, 4 pairs postcloacal, 1 median), length of spicules (3.84–4.74 mm) and the presence
of pseudosucker. 相似文献
16.
Summary. A potyvirus from Chinese narcissus was transmitted mechanically to three species of Narcissus and to Lycoris radiata but not to 22 other test species. In western blot, the coat protein reacted strongly with Narcissus degeneration virus (UK
isolate) antiserum. Antiserum raised to the Chinese virus did not react with eighteen other potyviruses. The complete nucleotide
sequence (9816 nt) had the typical genome organisation for a member of the genus Potyvirus. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Chinese virus was different from all previously sequenced
potyviruses but distantly related to onion yellow dwarf and shallot yellow stripe viruses. 相似文献
17.
María A. Rossin Luciana L. Datri Inés S. Incorvaia Juan T. Timi 《Acta parasitologica / Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Warszawa, Poland》2011,56(3):310-314
A new species of parasitic nematode, Hysterothylacium spirale sp. nov. (Ascaridoidea, Anisakidae), is described based on specimens collected from the intestine and pyloric caeca of the
silvery john dory Zenopsis conchifer (Lowe) (Zeiformes, Zeidae), from the Argentinean Shelf (35°05′–40°46′S, 53°03′–58°07′W). Among the 66 valid species described
so far in the genus, the new species most closely resembles H. zenis (Baylis, 1929). Both species, apparently specific for fishes of the family Zeidae, share the shape of the dorsal lip, the
long expanded lateral alae originating from subventral interlabia and the ornamentation of the tail tip, as well as general
morphometry. The combination of these shared features distinguishes both species from all congeners so far known. However,
the new species is distinguishable from H. zenis by having shorter interlabia, and consequently the lateral alae originating more posteriorly, shorter spicules, a smaller
number of postcloacal papillae and the presence of two pairs of double postcloacal papillae. 相似文献
18.
Yurakhno VM Ovcharenko MO Holzer AS Sarabeev VL Balbuena JA 《Parasitology research》2007,101(6):1671-1680
A new multivalvulid myxozoan parasite, Kudoa unicapsula n. sp., is described from the intestinal mesentery, intestine and pyloric caeca of the thin-lipped grey mullet Liza ramada (Risso 1826) and the golden grey mullet L. aurata (Risso, 1810) from the Mediterranean coastal waters of Spain. It is characterized by the presence of elongated, rice corn-like
white cysts of 0.47–0.56 × 0.18–0.38 mm, filled with tetracapsulate, slightly asymmetric spores, rectangular in apical view
and tear-shaped in lateral view with four polar capsules of considerably different size and slightly unequal spore valves
with rounded edges, overlapping each other on the apex of the spore. One large polar capsule includes a polar filament coiled
in two to three turns, and the other three polar capsules, which are very small, posses only a rudimental filament. Both light
and electron microscopy data showed that this species differs from all previously described Kudoa spp. with unequal polar capsules. The molecular analysis based on 18S and 28S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid DNA sequence
data of K. unicapsula n. sp. indicates a close relationship and thus phylogenetic clustering together with K. trifolia, a myxozoan from the same host and the same geographical location. 相似文献
19.
20.
Myxobolus honghuensis n. sp. is described from allogynogenetic gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio (Bloch), during a survey of myxosporean parasites in Honghu Lake, Hubei Province, China. It is characterized by the presence
of round plasmodia of 5–12 mm in diameter in the pharynx of host. Mature spores of M. honghuensis were pyriform in frontal view and anterior pointed with bluntly round posterior, they measured 16.9 ± 0.5 (15.1–19.5) μm
long, 10.4 ± 0.4 (9.0–11.3) μm wide, and 8.4 ± 0.4 (7.9–9.1) μm thick. Two polar capsules were pyriform and slightly unequal
with larger polar capsule 8.4 ± 0.4 (7.6–10.2) μm × 3.9 ± 0.2 (3.0–4.5) μm and smaller capsule 7.9 ± 0.2 (7.0–9.3) μm × 3.7 ± 0.3
(2.8–4.1) μm. Polar filaments coiled with seven to eight turns. Both morphology and DNA sequence data revealed that M. honghuensis n. sp. was distinct from other described Myxobolus species. Phylogenetic analysis placed M. honghuensis n. sp. in a clade of gill-infecting myxobolids. 相似文献