99 Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件测量左室射血分数

目的评价99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)门控心肌显像Emory Cardiac Toolbox softwere (ECTS)处理软件测量左室射血分数(LVEF)的临床价值.方法 31例受检者,采用静息-多巴酚丁胺负荷一日法,行99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌断层显像,用ECTS软件测量LVEF,并于1周内完成平衡法心室显像,比较2种方法测量LVEF的相关性及一致性.结果①ECTS软件分析左室功能参数的重复性很好,变异系数(CV)均小于2%.②99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件测定LVEF值与平衡法心室显像测定值相关性良好(r=0.893,P<0.001).③ECTS软件测定的LVEF值[(57.3±2.93)%]较心室显像测定值[(46.6±2.86)%]高(t=7.76,P<0.001).结论 99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件与平衡法心室显像测定LVEF值具有较好的相关性,但前者测量值较后者高.99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件测定LVEF值能否完全取代平衡法心室显像测定,尚需进一步研究.     

定量门控99Tcm-tetrofosmin心肌显像测量左室功能

目的探讨定量门控(QG)99Tcm-tetrofosmin心肌显像测量左室功能的临床应用价值.方法74例受试者进行了门控99Tcm-tetrofosmin心肌显像,采用QGSPECT专用分析程序全自动测量左室功能.其中36例同时进行静息门控心室显像,以比较两种方法测量左室功能的相关性.结果①74例99Tcm-tetrofosminQGSPECT全自动定量测定左室功能均获成功.②QGSPECT全自动测量36例受试者的静息左室射血分数(LVEF)、舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)分别与静息门控心室显像计算结果显著正相关(r分别为0.859,0.914,0.950,P均<0.001),重复性好.③心肌缺血组(n=28)静息LVEF与对照组(n=23)比较差异无显著性,而心肌梗死组(n=9)静息LVEF明显低于对照组(t=6.33,P<0.001).结论定量门控心肌显像99Tcm-tetrofosmin能准确评价左室功能.     

门控心肌显像和心血池显像联合检测左心室功能

目的应用99mTC-MIBI门控心肌显像和心血池显像来评价左心室功能.方法30例受检者,静脉注射99mTc-MIBI后,用SPECT行常规体位平面心肌显像,观察分析室壁运动和左心室收缩分数(LVCF).结果99mTc-MI3I门控心肌显像能清楚区分室壁边缘,在判断室壁运动上与心血池显像的完全符合节段达66%.用象素数表现左心室腔面积大小所计算的左心室收缩分数(LVCF)与左心室射血分数(LVEF)明显相关(r=0.09,P＜0.01).结论99mTc-MIBI门控心肌显像和心血池显像在冠心病的检查中具有重要价值,可作为常规检查之一应用于临床.     

心肌活力测定的研究进展

心肌灌注显像的定量分析、门控心肌灌注显像、18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)+99Tcm甲氧基异丁基异腈(99Tcm-MIBI)双核素同时采集(DISA)、介入心动图和核磁共振显像(MRI)技术的进展提高了对心肌活力的认识,介入心动图、心肌灌注显像、心肌代谢显像的结合应用提高了心肌活力测定的准确性。心肌活力测定可确定能得益于冠状动脉再血管化治疗的患者,并可预测术后左室射血分数的增加和心力衰竭症状的改善。     

双核素心肌显像预测PCI术后心功能改善的评价

目的:探讨多巴酚丁胺201Tl负荷-再分布/硝酸甘油介入99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌灌注显像预测PCI术后心功能改善的作用.方法:69例临床怀疑有冠心病拟行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的病人进行多巴酚丁胺201 Tl负荷-再分布显像,显像结束后行硝酸甘油介入99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌灌注显像.心肌显像后2周内69例病人全部进行了经皮冠状动脉介入治疗.PCI术前及术后3个月心脏超声测定左室射血分数(LVEF).结果:①69例病人PCI术后左心室功能较术前有改善(△LVEF=4.78±2.4,t=2.02,P值<0.05).②左心室功能降低组术后心功能提高值明显高于左心室功能正常组(△LVEF=5.3±2.0对LVEF=3.1±2.9,t=2.83,P<0.05).③可逆性灌注缺损心肌节段数>3组术后心功能提高值明显高于可逆性灌注缺损心肌节段数≤3组(△LVEF=5.8±1.6对△LVEF=4.4±1.4,t=2.45,P<0.05).结论:多巴酚丁胺201Tl负荷-再分布/硝酸甘油介入99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌灌注显像能准确检出缺血且存活心肌,对PCI术后心功能改善有很好的预测价值.     

99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像与超声心动测定左室射血分数的对比研究

目的探讨GE VG/Hawkeye单光子发射断层扫描仪(SPECT)随机携带3种左室射血分数算法对静息态99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌断层显像测定左室射血分数(LVEF)的临床应用价值。方法对103例、6组受检者进行门控心肌断层显像,使用3种算法分别测定3组左室射血分数(LVEF0、LVEF1、LVEF2),分别与M型超声心动获得的LVEF(UEF)进行对比分析。结果(1)103例受检者图像显影清晰;(2)根据不同算法获得门控心肌断层显像3组LVEF值(EF0、EF1、EF2)与超声心动图检查结果(UEF)均具有显著相关性(r0=0.948、r1=0.937、r2=0.940),其中EF0与UEF一致性较好;(3)静息态99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌断层显像测定左室射血分数可重复性好(P<0.05);(4)各组间t检验示:心肌缺血组、心梗组及扩张型心肌病组与正常组比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);高血压组、心肌炎组、扩张型心肌病和心肌缺血组比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);高血压组、心肌炎组、扩张型心肌病组与心梗组比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);扩张性心肌病组与心肌炎组比较亦存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论静息态99Tcm-MIBI静息态门控心肌断层显像测定左心室射血分数(LVEF)可靠,3种算法中以第一种最好,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

门控~(18)F-FDG/~(99m)Tc-MIBI双核素显像评价冠脉搭桥术对心功能改善的作用

目的应用门控18F-FDG/99mTc-MIBI双核素显像评价陈旧性心肌梗死(MI)患者经冠脉搭桥(CABG)术对心功能改善的作用。方法31例陈旧性心肌梗死(MI)患者在冠脉搭桥术前及4个月后行18F-FDG及99mTc-MIBI DISA法显像。将左室心肌分为9个节段,根据术前显像结果分为灌注代谢匹配组(M)和不匹配组(MM),半定量法分别计算各节段99mTc-MIBI、18F-FDG摄取分数F值,评价局部心肌灌注、代谢情况,计算术前术后各种心功能参数包括EF、SV,观察整体心功能改善情况。结果31例患者,共分为279个节段;13例患者含有不匹配的节段108个,术前后99mTc-MIBI、18F-FDG摄取分数F值分别为1.71±0.44、1.22±0.31和2.33±0.72、1.50±0.50(P<0.01),术前后EF、SV值分别为(28.5±9.4)%、(47.1±17.0)ml和(34.2±9.7)%、(58.81±27.1)ml(P<0.05);18例患者含匹配的节段152个,术前后99mTc-MIBI、18F-FDG摄取分数F分别为1.51±0.44、1.23±0.31和1.60±0.50、1.34±0.22(P>0.05);术前后EF、SV值分别为(25.3±9.4)%、(45.6±17.0 ml)和(26.5±9.7)%、(46.81±27.1)ml(P>0.05)。结论冠脉搭桥术只能改善有存活心肌细胞的心室功能,而对无存活心肌细胞的心室功能无明显改善作用。     

201Tl定量门控心肌灌注体层显像与99mTc-红细胞门控心血池显像测定左心室射血分数的对比研究

目的 探讨201Tl定量门控心肌灌注体层显像与99mTc-红细胞门控心血池显像测量左心室射血分数(LVEF)的相关性.方法 72例受检者接受201Tl静息门控心肌灌注体层显像,用AUTOQUANT 4.21软件测量LVEF,并与24 h内的静息99mTc-红细胞平衡法门控心血池显像结果进行比较.结果 ①门控心肌灌注体层显像与门控心血池显像测量LVEF值的结果呈明显正相关(r=0.554,P=-0.000),两种方法无统计学差别(t=1.194,P＞0.05).②不同疾病组之间两种测量方法无统计学差异(P值均大于0.05).③门控心肌灌注体层显像及门控心血池显像测量的LVEF值分别为(64.68±10.77)%和(62.46±8.99)%,门控心肌灌注体层显像测量的LVEF值要比门控心血池显像高出3.55%.结论 201Tl门控心肌灌注体层显像与99mTc-红细胞门控心血池显像测量LVEF值的相关性好且结果准确,但门控心肌灌注体层显像的LVEF测量值要稍高于门控心血池显像.     

DISA SPECT对心梗后骨髓干细胞移植心肌灌注和代谢的评价

目的:探讨DISASPECT在评价心肌梗死患者骨髓干细胞移植后心肌血流灌注和细胞代谢改变的价值。材料和方法:18例心肌梗死行骨髓干细胞移植治疗的患者在术前2周、术后3个月行DISA显像(18F-FDG心肌代谢显像和99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注显像),其中4例在术后9个月再次进行复查。用目测法和半定量法分析图像。结果:①干细胞移植治疗前后99Tcm-MIBI显像和18F-FDG显像的F值分别为5.27±0.55、5.05±0.41与6.50±1.71、6.24±0.93,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②18例中3例代谢靶心图面积治疗前后无明显变化,15例治疗后靶心图面积出现不同程度的恢复(83%),治疗后代谢恢复的面积占治疗前缺损面积的25.2%±4.8%。结论:心肌梗死行骨髓干细胞移植治疗后,心肌血流灌注与细胞代谢均有显著性差异;灌注结合代谢能较好地观察和评价心肌梗死行骨髓干细胞移植治疗后改善程度。     

多巴酚丁胺负荷用于猪缺血心肌18F-FDG代谢显像的价值

目的 探讨多巴酚丁胺负荷情况下实验猪缺血心肌对18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)的摄取情况.方法 15头中华小型猪,于冠状动脉左前降支近中段放置动脉环,造成慢性冠状动脉狭窄.分别在静息和多巴酚丁胺负荷试验时,进行99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌灌注和18F-FDG心肌代谢SPECT显像.99Tcm-MIBI心肌血流灌注图像用17段4分法进行半定量分析,通过测量心肌短轴感兴趣区(ROI)放射性计数,对缺损的可逆程度进行定量分析.18F-FDG心肌代谢图像分析通过在原始投影数据上勾画ROI,计算心脏与肝脏的平均放射性比值(H/Li)、心脏与右肺尖的平均放射性比值(H/L).所有实验猪均行冠状动脉造影检查.结果 冠状动脉造影发现,所有实验猪的冠状动脉左前降支狭窄均大于50%.99Tcm-MIBI药物负荷和静息显像时的心肌血流灌注半定量评分分别为(9.5±8.3)和(8.3±8.4)分,两者差异有显著性(P＜0.05).缺损可逆程度比值为1.17±0.14.18F-FDG图像分析发现在静息情况下,H/Li比值为1.06±0.10,H/L比值为1.40±0.18;而在多巴酚丁胺负荷情况下,心脏对18F-FDG的摄取相对增加H/Li比值为1.25±0.15(P＜0.0001),与缺血可逆程度呈明显正相关(r=0.64,P=0.007),H/L比值为1.77±0.33(P=0.001),与缺血可逆程度呈明显正相关(r=0.51,P＜0.05).结论多巴酚丁胺负荷可使缺血心肌增加对18F-FDG的摄取.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.