Comparison of carvedilol versus metoprolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:The existing meta-analyses and randomized studies on comparing the effects of carvedilol and metoprolol are of poor quality, with small sample sizes, and involve a homogeneous population. Therefore, to provide new evidence-based medical evidence for clinical treatment, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the mortality benefits of carvedilol with metoprolol head to head and determine the better beta-blocker in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) setting.Methods:Seven electronic databases including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Data, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library will be searched in May 2021 by 2 independent reviewers. The protocol was written following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement guidelines. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes include complex cardiovascular events, sudden death, cardiovascular death, reinfarction, revascularization, readmission, ventricular arrhythmias, and drug withdrawal for all causes except death. All outcomes are pooled on random-effect model. A P value of <.05 is considered to be statistically significant.Results:The review will add to the existing literature by showing compelling evidence and improved guidance in clinic settings.OSF registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/VSTJC.     

Clinical efficacy and safety of Shuxuetong injection for acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Shuxuetong injection (SXT) is a Chinese medicine injection and has been widely used for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Asia. However, whether SXT has a definite efficacy and safety is poorly understood. The aim of our study was to clarify the effect of SXT on clinical symptoms alliavation and survival in AMI patients.Methods:A systematic reviews of SXT combined with conventional therapy treating AMI will be searched in 8 electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang Database, China Biology Medicine (CBM), Google Scholar, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), from inception to December 2020. The literature will extracted by 2 researchers independently and the methodological quality of the included study will be evaluated. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to evaluate the evidence quality of the included literature. RevMan software (version 5.3) will be applied for the original research data synthesis.Results:The results of our study will be published in a peer reviewed journal.Conclusion:Our meta-analysis will provide the latest evidence to determine whether SXT is an effective intervention for AMI patients.     

Drug-coated balloon versus drug-eluting stent in acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Previous studies comparing the published literature on drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-coated balloon (DCB) have drawn divergent conclusions, as these studies are limited by small sample sizes. To overcome these limitations, we thus conducted a high-quality systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of DCB versus DES for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It was hypothesized that DCB use at the AMI is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and death.Methods:The electronic databases Embase, Medline, PubMed, and Cinahl were searched from the earliest available date until August 2021. Study included in our study had to meet all of the following inclusion criteria: all randomized controlled trials to assess the efficacy and safety of DES versus DCB in the treatment of AMI were considered eligible for analysis; participants received DCB or DES; reporting the available data on cardiac death, all-cause death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, major adverse cardiac events, and stent thrombosis. Review Manager Software (v 5.3; Cochrane Collaboration) was used for the meta-analysis. Two of us independently assessed the risk of bias in the included studies using parameters defined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions criteria.Results:It was hypothesized that DCB use at the AMI is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and death.Registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/AVTYW.     

The efficacy of ivabradine in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Cardiovascular diseases have become a prominent threat to public health and quality of life. In recent years, some studies have reported that ivabradine can improve the cardiac function and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, we perform a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of ivabradine for treating AMI.Methods:This protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis has been drafted under the guidance of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocols. We will search PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Medline databases for relevant studies. In addition, we will also collect 4 databases of China: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science Journal Database, and Wan-fang Database. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Handbook risk of bias assessment tool version (V.5.1.0). We will use STATA 16.0 software (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX) to perform data analysis.Results:The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusion:We hypothesized that ivabradine can reduce the resting heart rate and improve heart function in patients with AMI.     

Hypothermia therapy for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the role of systemic therapeutic hypothermia remains controversial. We performed a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of systemic therapeutic hypothermia in patients with AMI receiving PCI.Methods:This study will use the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Database, and Ongoing Clinical Trials Database. The search terms were hypothermia, cooling, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia and acute coronary syndrome. Quality assessment of the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software.Results:The findings of this study will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication.Conclusion:This systematic review will provide evidence to determine whether hypothermia therapy is an effective and safe intervention for patients with AMI receiving PCI.Registration number: 10.17605/OSF.IO/9XJSB.     

Effect and safety of acupuncture on cerebrovascular reserve in patients with acute cerebral infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:As far as we know, no evidence has been established to assess the effects of acupuncture for acute cerebral infarction patients. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on cerebrovascular reserve in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods:On June 20, 2021, the authors will perform a preliminary search in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases using the following keywords: “acupuncture,” “acute cerebral infarction.” We will also examine the Clinical Trials Registry for other ongoing and unpublished studies. The inclusion criteria included (1) patients with acute cerebral infarction, (2) patients who received acupuncture, and (3) studies assessed cerebrovascular reserve, breath-holding index, Barthel index, and adverse events. All English language randomized controlled trials published within the last 20 years were eligible for inclusion. Primary outcome measures in our study are cerebrovascular reserve, and secondary outcome measures include the breath-holding index, Barthel index, and adverse events. All outcomes are pooled on a random-effect model.Results:The results of this research will be delivered in a peer-reviewed journal.OSF registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/7M4BK.     

Impact of administration of nicorandil prior to percutaneous coronary intervention in treatment of acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:In order to provide new evidence-based medical evidence for clinical treatment, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of nicorandil prior to percutaneous coronary intervention in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.Methods:This systematic review and meta-analysis will be performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two reviewers independently will search randomized controlled trials or observational studies about the treatment of nicorandil on AMI patients. Retrieved databases include Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. And retrieval time is limited from inception to June 2021. Key words are nicorandil, myocardial infarction, or similar expansion words without publication limitation. Biomechanical studies, in vitro studies, review articles, techniques, case reports, letters to the editor, and editorials are excluded.Results:The results of our review will be reported strictly following the PRISMA criteria and the review will add to the existing literature by showing compelling evidence and improved guidance in clinic settings.OSF registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/UEPKB.     

Xuesaitong injection treating acute myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Although the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is decreasing, the mortality in AMI patients remains substantial. Traditional Chinese medicine has shown its role in the prevention and management of AMI. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Xuesaitong injection (XST) for the treatment of AMI by a meta-analysis.Methods:A literature search was performed in 5 medical databases up to June 1, 2020. Randomized controlled trials involving XST combined with conventional treatment versus conventional treatment were included. A meta-analysis of clinical efficacy, left ventricular function and other objective parameters was performed to evaluate the effects of XST on AMI.Results:Five randomized controlled trials involving 539 participants were eventually included. Meta-analysis showed that the combination of XST and conventional treatment could achieve significantly better effect on improving clinical efficacy (risk ratio: 1.09 [1.01, 1.17]; P = .04), left ventricular ejection fraction (mean difference [MD]: 3.18 [1.69, 4.67]; P < .0001), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (MD: −2.58 [−5.04, −0.12]; P = .04), interleukin 6 (MD: −26.00 [−38.85, −13.16]; P < .0001), cardiac troponin T (MD: −15.85 [−18.09, −13.61]; P < .00001) and creatine kinase myocardial isoenzyme (MD: −73.06 [−79.74, −66.37]; P < .00001).Conclusion:XST combined with conventional treatment can achieve better efficacy on clinical performance and some of the AMI related parameters. However the interpretation of the results should be cautious, due to the relatively low quality of included trials. More rigorously designed, large-scaled, randomized controlled trials are warranted to support its clinical use in the future.     

Exploring diagnostic and prognostic predictive values of microRNAs for acute myocardial infarction: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:Previous investigations yielded inconsistent results for diagnostic and prognostic predictive values of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods and results:We systematically searched on PubMed and Web of Science for articles explored association of miRNAs and AMI published from January 1989 to March 2019. For diagnostic studies, a summary of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), which indicated the accuracy of microRNAs in the differentiation of AMI and no AMI, were calculated from the true positive (TP), true negative (TN), false positive (FP), and false negative (FN) of each study. In addition, the summary receive-operating characteristics (SROC) curve was constructed to summarize the TP and FP rates. For follow-up study, we computed hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for individual clinical outcomes. The meta-analysis showed a sensitivity [0.72 (95% CI: 0.61--0.81)] and specificity [0.88 (95% CI: 0.79--0.94)] of miR-1 for AMI. In addition, miR-133 showed a sensitivity [0.73 (95% CI: 0.55--0.85)] and specificity [0.88 (95% CI: 0.74--0.95)] for AMI. Moreover, the present study showed a sensitivity [0.83 (95% CI: 0.74--0.89)] and specificity [0.96 (95% CI: 0.82--0.99)] of miR-208 for AMI. A significant association was found between miR-208 and mortality after AMI (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01--1.18). It also indicated a sensitivity [0.84 (95% CI: 0.70--0.92)] and specificity [0.97 (95% CI: 0.87--0.99)] of miR-499 for AMI.Conclusions:Circulating miR-1, miR-133, miR-208, and miR-499 showed diagnostic values in AMI.     

Effects of continuous use of metformin on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes after acute myocardial infarction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:To our knowledge, no meta-analyses or reviews have investigated the efficacy and safety of metformin on cardiovascular outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We thus conduct a high-quality systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of metformin on cardiovascular outcomes after AMI in patients with T2DM.Methods:In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we will search PUBMED, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases through April, 2021. The study is structured to adhere to PRISMA guidelines (i.e., Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses). The literature search, data extraction, and quality assessments are conducted independently by 2 authors. Outcome measures include all-cause mortality; complications such as acute kidney injury, lactic acidosis, hospitalization for AMI or stroke, or death. Where disagreement in the collection of data occurs, this is resolved through discussion. Review Manager Software (v 5.3; Cochrane Collaboration) is used for the meta-analysis. Two independent reviewers will assess the risk of bias of the included studies at study level.Results:It is hypothesized that metformin use at the post-AMI is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease and death in patients with T2DM.Conclusions:This study expects to provide credible and scientific evidence for the efficacy and safety of metformin on cardiovascular outcomes after AMI in patients with T2DM.Registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/S3MBP.     

Efficacy and safety of selinexor in the treatment of AML: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia among the adult population and accounts for about 80% of all cases. Despite advancements in therapeutic regimens, the prognosis remains very poor, especially in the elderly population. Selinexor is a first-in-class, oral, small molecule Exportin-1 inhibitor that is being developed for the treatment of a variety of cancers, including AML. The efficacy and safety issues of selinexor in the treatment of AML are still the focus of attention. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of selinexor in the treatment of AML.Methods:According to the search strategy, regardless of publication date or language, randomized controlled trials of selinexor for AML will be retrieved from 8 databases. First of all, the literature was screened according to the eligibility criteria, and use the Cochrane Collaboration''s tool to assess the quality of the included literature. Then, using Rev Man 5.3 and STATA 14.2 software for traditional meta-analysis. Finally, the evaluation of the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations will adopt the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method.Results:This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of selinexor for AML, thereby providing more evidence support for clinical decision-making in AML.Conclusion:Our research will provide more references for the clinical medication of patients with AML.     

Efficacy and safety of moxibustion in the treatment of cancer-related fatigue: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Cancer-related fatigue, a common symptom of cancer patients caused by the interaction of multiple factors, runs through the whole process of tumorigenesis, development, treatment, and prognosis. The main clinical manifestations are weakness, tiredness, exhaustion, fatigue, or slow movement, heavy limbs, low mood or irritability, sleep disturbance or lethargy, lack of attention, etc. CRF is different from the fatigue after daily body fatigue. It has no obvious relief or relief after rest or sleep, and exists for a long time in the relevant treatment and rehabilitation process. It seriously affects the physiological, psychological and social functions of patients, and reduces the quality of life of patients. Moxibustion therapy has shown strong advantages in the treatment of CRF, and the curative effect is accurate. Therefore, this paper will carry out a systematic evaluation and meta analysis of the efficacy and safety of moxibustion in the treatment of CRF.Methods:we will searching 8 electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Wanfang Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. We will search above electronic databases from the beginning to January 2021, without any language restriction. Clinical efficacy, including total effective rate or cure rate, clinical symptom integral, and recurrence rate will be accepted as the primary outcomes. The fatigue scale score, quality of life improvement rate will be used as secondary outcomes. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis. The result about the curative effect and safety of moxibustion for cancer-related fatigue will be presented as risk ratio for dichotomous data and mean differences with a 95% confidence interval for continuous data.Results:When this research program is completed, the relevant results can be obtained.Conclusions:The results of this study will provide reliable evidence for the efficacy and safety of moxibustion in the treatment of cancer-related fatigue.Ethics and dissemination:This article does not need to pass the ethics committee review, because this article does not involve the ethics question, only collates the related literature research.INPLASY Registration number:INPLASY202110072.     

Efficacy and safety of cutting therapy in the treatment of migraine: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Migraine is a chronic paroxysmal neurovascular disease in which pain on one or both sides of the head is the main manifestation and is accompanied by other neurological manifestations. Clinical practice has shown that cutting therapy as a complementary alternative medicine can play a role in relieving migraine attacks. However, there is no consensus on the efficacy of cutting treatment in the treatment of migraine. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of cutting therapy in the treatment of migraine.Methods:First, databases were searched for relevant literature. The main databases we searched were PubMed, the Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Science Journal Database, Wanfang Data, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. The keywords searched were “cutting treatment,” “ traditional Chinese medicine cutting treatment,” and “migraine.” The search was conducted from inception to November 2021. Second, 2 reviewers independently completed the process of study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment and data synthesis in strict accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Protocols statement guidelines. Finally, we will use Review Manager Version 5.3 software for meta-analysis.Results:This study will provide the most recent evidence related to the treatment of migraine by cutting therapy.Conclusion:The results of this systematic evaluation will provide an objective evidence-based framework for judging the effectiveness and safety of cutting therapy in the treatment of migraine.     

Efficacy and safety of pricking-blood therapy for acute gouty arthritis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Acute gouty arthritis is a joint inflammatory reaction that affects the daily quality of patients. Previous reviews of pricking-blood therapy for acute gouty arthritis have been growing, but a systematic review is not available. This study aimed to systematically investigate the efficacy and safety of pricking-blood therapy in treating acute gout arthritis.Methods:We will search for relevant literature through Chinese and English databases, with the retrieval deadline being December 2020. Databases include PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database. We will also manually search Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Acupuncture Research, Chinese Clinical Trial Register, and unpublished studies or references. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literature will be screened, and the data are extracted independently by the 2 researchers. The primary outcomes were the total effective rate and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score. RevMan 5.3.5. software will be used for statistical analysis. According to the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), each evidence of outcome quality will be appraised.Results:This study will provide a comprehensive review of current evidence for a pricking-blood therapy treatment for acute gouty arthritis.Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of picking-blood therapy in treating acute gout arthritis will be evaluated.Unique INPLASY number:INPLASY2020100094.     

The efficacy and safety of Chinese massage in the treatment of acute mastitis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background:The incidence of acute mastitis (AM) in lactating women has been increasing year by year. If there is no timely and appropriate treatment, AM may develop into mammary abscess and septicemia. This special situation has aroused social attention. Chinese massage has been widely used in the treatment of AM in recent years, but there is no systematic review of the effect of Chinese massage on AM. We plan to explore the efficacy and safety of Chinese massage in the treatment of AM.Methods:We will use a computer to search the following 8 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP Information, WanFang Data) on November 30, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of Chinese massage therapy for AM were screened. Primary outcome measure: overall clinical response rate, breast pain score. Secondary outcome measures: milk secretion, temperature, mass size and time to resolution, White blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and the incidence of adverse reactions. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, the included literature will be independently evaluated by two researchers using the RCT bias risk assessment tool in the Cochrane evaluation manual Handbook5.4, and meta-analysis will be performed by RevMan5.4 software. Funnel plots were used to analyze whether the study had publication bias.Results:We will evaluate the clinical effect of Chinese massage therapy on AM based on RCTsConclusion:This study will provide evidence-based evidence for the effectiveness and safety of Chinese massage in the treatment of AM.Protocol registration number:INPLASY2021120019.     

Efficacy and safety of abdominal acupuncture for insomnia: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Insomnia is characterized by high incidence, easy recurrence, and difficulty in curing. Serious insomnia not only seriously affects the body organ function, but psychological patients also cause great damage. Abdominal acupuncture (AA) has fewer side effects and is increasingly used to treat insomnia. This study aimed to systematically review the effectiveness and safety of abdominal acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia.Methods:Literature on abdominal acupuncture for insomnia in the PubMed, Excerpt Medica Database(Embase), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wan Fang databases were searched from the creation of these databases to October 3, 2021. In addition, the reference lists of studies meeting the inclusion criteria will also be searched to achieve a comprehensive retrieval of the maximum. All randomized controlled trials of AA for treating insomnia were included. Two reviewers will conduct literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation respectively. The main outcome was the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the secondary outcomes included clinical efficacy and safety. RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for mate analysis.Results:This study aimed to evaluate the current status of AA treatment for insomnia, with the aim of illustrating the effectiveness and safety of abdominal acupuncture.Conclusion:This study will provide high-quality evidence to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of AA in treating insomnia.Registration: INPLASY2021100088     

Support with Impella versus intra-aortic balloon pump in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:The survival benefit and safety of Impella support versus intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock were investigated in several observational trials that revealed mixed results. Thus, in order to provide new evidence-based medical evidence for clinical treatment, we undertook a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of Impella versus IABP in AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock.Methods:We will search the EMBASE, Web of Knowledge, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Library from inception to Mar 2021 to retrieve relevant studies. Two independent authors will extract the information from the selected studies. Disagreements will be resolved through a discussion with a third review author. The outcomes include mortality and complications. The quality of randomized trials will be assessed by Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials and the risk of bias in non-randomized studies - of Interventions for non-randomized, observational studies. Review Manager software (v 5.4; Cochrane Collaboration) will be used for the meta-analysis.Results:The present meta-analysis will compare the efficacy and safety of Impella versus IABP in AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock.Conclusions:The results of our review will be reported strictly following the PRISMA criteria and the review will add to the existing literature by showing compelling evidence and improved guidance in clinic settings.OSF registration number:10.17605/OSF.IO/SKEQ7.Ethics and dissemination:Ethical approval and patient consent are not required because this study is a literature-based study. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.