自体脾移植联合食管横断吻合术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症

目的 探讨腹膜后自体脾移植联合食管横断吻合术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的临床疗效.方法 将2003年1月至2006年12月收治的36例肝硬化门静脉高压症患者随机分为自体脾移植组(n=18)和脾切除组(n=18),自体脾移植组接受脾切除、食管横断吻合及自体脾移植术,脾切除组接受脾切除、食管横断吻合术.于术前及术后2～6个月定期观察两组患者的一般情况、行脾脏放射性核素扫描,同时检测肝功能、血清促吞噬素(Tuftsin)及IgM水平,并行组间及手术前后比较分析.结果 自体脾移植组患者术后2个月血清Tuftsin和IgM水平与术前比较无明显差异(P0.05),而脾切除组患者术后2个月血清Tuftsin和IgM水平较术前明显降低(P<0.05);自体脾移植术对患者肝功能无明显影响;术后2个月放射性核素扫描证实移植脾于腹膜后存活.结论 自体脾移植对保留机体脾脏免疫功能具有重要价值,腹膜后自体脾移植联合食管横断吻合术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的临床效果确切,值得推广应用.     

自体脾移植联合食管下段横断术治疗肝硬化门脉高压症的临床随机对照观察

目的采用随机对照研究的方法观察用自体脾移植联合食管下段横断术治疗肝硬化门脉高压症的临床效果.方法将肝功能ChildA、B级的肝硬化门脉高压症患者随机分为自体脾移植组和切脾组,脾移植组采用自体带蒂脾组织腹膜后移植联合改良的食管下段横断术,切脾组则采用脾切除联合改良的食管下段横断术;以患者术前的情况为对照,在术后2～8个月观察患者的一般情况、脾扫描、肝功能、血清Tuftsin、IgM水平.结果术后第六天切脾组死亡1例,脾移植组出现再出血1例;两组血清Tuftsin、IgM水平有显著性差异(P＜0.05),在对肝功能的影响上无明显差异.结论脾自体移植后能够长期存活,并能够维持脾脏的基本免疫功能,是可以在临床上推广应用的.     

自体脾腹膜后移植在创伤性脾破裂中的临床应用

目的探讨自体脾组织移植在治疗创伤性脾破裂的应用.方法对本组于2000年1月至2005年4月22例脾破裂行全脾切除后,再行自体脾组织腹膜后移植术.通过检测外周血IgM、IgA、IgG水平和B超,CT、99mTc扫描来观察移植脾片成活和吞噬功能恢复情况.结果术后随访均显示移植脾存活良好,脾功能满意.结论自体脾组织移植可作为严重脾外伤全脾切除术后保留脾功能的一个重要有效手段.     

自体脾泥移植治疗创伤性脾破裂

目的：探讨自体脾泥移植在创伤性脾破裂全脾切除术中的疗效。方法：对11例创伤性脾破裂患者行全脾切除及自体脾泥组织大网膜内移植术,观察其临床疗效。结果：本组1例因合并严重肺损伤术后死于呼吸衰竭,1例继发腹腔感染失败,9例治愈;术后3个月复查B超或CT有移植脾存活,血清IgM,IgG恢复正常范围,无脾切除后暴发性感染(OPSI)发生。结论：对创伤性脾破裂行全脾切除患者,自体脾泥大网膜移植是一种新的、安全、有效的保脾手术方式。     

自体脾移植联合食管下段横断术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的临床随机对照观察

目的　采用随机对照研究的方法观察用自体脾移植联合食管下段横断术治疗肝硬化门脉高压症的临床效果。方法　将肝功能ChildA、B级的肝硬化门脉高压症患者随机分为自体脾移植组和切脾组 ,脾移植组采用自体带蒂脾组织腹膜后移植联合改良的食管下段横断术 ,切脾组则采用脾切除联合改良的食管下段横断术 ;以患者术前的情况为对照 ,在术后 2～ 8个月观察患者的一般情况、脾扫描、肝功能、血清Tuftsin、IgM水平。结果　术后第六天切脾组死亡 1例 ,脾移植组出现再出血 1例 ;两组血清Tuftsin、IgM水平有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,在对肝功能的影响上无明显差异。结论　脾自体移植后能够长期存活 ,并能够维持脾脏的基本免疫功能 ,是可以在临床上推广应用的。     

腹膜后自体脾移植术在肝硬变门静脉高压症治疗中的临床研究

目的　观察腹膜后自体脾移植联合食管下段横断术治疗肝硬变门静脉高压症的临床效果。方法　将20例肝功能Child A、B级的肝硬变门静脉高压症患者随机均分为自体脾移植组和切脾组。自体脾移植组采用自体带蒂脾组织腹膜后移植联合改良的食管下段横断术,切脾组则采用脾切除联合改良的食管下段横断术。以患者术前的情况为对照,在术后2~6 个月观察患者的一般情况、脾扫描、肝功能、血清促吞噬素(tuftsin)及IgM水平。结果　术后第6天切脾组死亡1例,术后第10天脾移植组出现再出血1 例。自体脾移植组术后血清tuftsin、IgM水平高于切脾组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),而对肝功能无明显影响。结论　腹膜后自体脾移植能维持脾脏的基本免疫功能,且能长期存活,在临床上推广应用是可行的。     

脾损伤自体脾组织移植的临床应用

目的：探讨自体脾组织移植在临床中的应用。方法：总结32例脾外伤行全脾切除自体脾组织移植手术，其中采用大网膜囊内移植18例，去粘膜游离空肠段内移植12例，腹直肌鞘内移植2例。结果：术后随访均显示脾功能满意，尤以去粘膜游离空肠段内移植效果最好。结论：自体脾组织移植可作为严重脾外伤、全脾切除术后保留脾功能的一个重要有效手段，移植脾的功能恢复与血供有密切的关系。     

外伤脾切除后自体脾片移植的研究

通过检测外周血的T细胞亚群（包括CD+3、CD+4、CD+8），免疫球蛋白（IgM、IgA、IgG），痘痕红细胞，了解外伤脾切除作自体脾片移植后，这些指标的变化。并用同位素（99m）Tc扫描的方法，了解脾片成活和功能的恢复情况。认为脾切除后，机体存在着免疫、血液滤过等功能的降低和紊乱。自体脾片大网膜移植有助于这些功能的恢复。     

自体脾移植对免疫功能的影响

为探讨外伤性脾破裂行脾切除术(SE)与脾切除术加自体脾组织移植(AS)对免疫功能的影响。笔者观察了64例SE和42例AS的术后感染性疾病发生率与血清免疫物质水平的关系。结果显示： SE的感染率为78.13%， AS为61.90%，差别无显著性意义(P＞0.05)。SE的IgG和IgA高于AS(P＜0.05)，AS高于对照组(P＜0.05)，SE的IgM低于AS(P＞0.05)，显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)。C3的水平三者差别均无显著意义(P＞0.05)。提示：自体脾片移植能保留脾切除术后的部分免疫功能。     

严重外伤性脾破裂切除加自体脾移植的临床疗效及其对免疫状态的影响

目的 探讨严重外伤性脾破裂切除加自体脾移植的方法、临床疗效及其对免疫状态的影响.方法选取严重外伤性脾破裂患者46例,其中行单纯脾切除的26例设为对照组,行脾切除加自体脾移植术的20例设为观察组.比较两组患者的围手术期效果,术后14、28天的免疫功能,术后每周监测移植脾脏组织存活情况.结果观察组脾切除后切口感染发生率少于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组术后28天体液免疫、细胞免疫指标均高于术后14天时水平（P＜0.05）;术后28天,观察组体液免疫、细胞免疫指标均高于对照组相应水平（P＜0.05）.术后2周时,除1例有较模糊影像外,其余患者移植脾脏组织均可见到有较浓密、清晰的移植脾片影,经专家会诊表明移植脾片已成活.结论严重外伤性脾破裂切除加自体脾移植容易操作,移植脾组织片易于成活,恢复了患者的免疫功能状态,术后患者感染率低,并发症少,效果满意,对具备适应症者的手术治疗具有一定的借鉴意义.     

自体移植脾组织VEGF、KDR表达与血管再生的实验研究

目的 研究自体移植脾组织血管再生及VEGF、KDR表达规律，阐明VEGF、KDR对移植脾组织血管再生的调控作用，为脾脏外科临床及实验研究提供理论依据。方法 健康Wistar大鼠70只，体重100—120g，随机分为7组，每组10只中又设脾切除自体脾移植组5只，假手术组5只，分别于术后7，14，30，60，90，120，180d进行：(1)自体移植脾组织病理学检测；(2)大鼠行主动脉插管灌注墨汁，光镜观测再生血管并采用图像分析测定其密度；(3)免疫组化抗VEGF、KDR抗体染色，图像分析定量，阐明其表达规律及与血管再生的关系。结果 (1)自体脾组织移植术后7d即有血管从大网膜向脾组织内伸展，移植脾组织内血管密度逐渐增大，至术后180d血管再生接近正常；(2)自体脾组织移植术后7d、14d，VEGF、KDR阳性染色细胞密度迅速升高，术后60d达高峰，以后逐渐降低，至术后180d VEGF、KDR阳性染色细胞密度趋向正常。结论 自体脾组织大网膜内移植术是简便有效的脾移植方法；移植脾组织新生血管由大网膜再生而来；术后移植脾组织内VEGF、KDR表达量升高，促进血管形成，血管再生完成后恢复正常水平。     

The value of partial splenic autotransplantation in patients with portal hypertension: a prospective randomized study.

HYPOTHESIS: Splenic autotransplantation plays a role in preserving immune function of the spleen in patients with portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. DESIGN: Prospective randomized study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty patients (19 men and 1 woman; aged 33-80 years) suffering from portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis were randomly allocated into 2 groups. Each group consisted of 10 patients. INTERVENTIONS: All patients underwent modified Sugiura operation. In the control group, splenectomy was performed, while partial splenic autotransplantation into the retroperitoneal space was additionally completed in the splenic autotransplantation group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum tuftsin and IgM were measured preoperatively and 2 months after surgery. Dynamic scintigraphy with technetium Tc 99m-labeled heat-damaged erythrocytes was performed at 2-month intervals during the 8-month follow-up. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in the mortality of the groups. The preoperative levels of serum tuftsin and IgM showed no statistical difference between groups. However, although these measures had decreased remarkably in the control group 2 months after operation (P<.001 for serum tuftsin; P =.04 for serum IgM), they remained stable in the splenic autotransplantation group (P =.25 for serum tuftsin; P =.12 for serum IgM). Four patients within the splenic autotransplantation group showed positive scanning of the transplanted splenic fragment during follow-up, whereas there was no positive scanning in the control group. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that partial splenic autotransplantation can preserve immune function of the spleen, as measured by serum levels of tuftsin and IgM, in patients with portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis.     

自体脾移植临床研究

目的探讨自体脾组织移植在严重脾损伤患者的应用及临床意义。方法46例严重脾损伤患者行脾切除术,其中26例行自体脾移植为治疗组,20例为对照组。观察血清免疫球蛋白的含量、NK细胞活性和T淋巴细胞转换率的变化。结果血清免疫球蛋白的含量两组lgG、lgA和脾移植lgM术前与术后相比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。两组NK细胞活性和T淋巴细胞转化率比较有明显差异(P<0.01)。结论自体脾移植术后患者机体免疫功能能维持在正常水平,是保留脾脏功能的有效措施之一。     

Assessment of post-splenectomy residual splenic function. Splenic autotransplants

Splenectomy increases the risk of fulminant sepsis. The present study assesses residual splenic function in patients splenectomized due to traumatic rupture of the spleen; and six cases with splenic autotransplants. Splenic tissue was observed in only 48% of the splenectomized patients and 100% of the autotransplant cases. The two most reliable analytical parameters to assess the presence of functional splenic tissue, were the absence of Howell-Jolly bodies and normal IgM blood levels. In cases where total splenectomy is indicated, it has proved useful to perform autotransplantation of splenic tissue at omentum major level.     

Immunologic function against infection in splenic autotransplanted mice

The increasing recognition of the danger of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI) has led surgeons to attempt to maintain splenic function after spleen injury. One technique they use when splenorrhapy or partial splenectomy are not feasible is the deliberate autotransplantation of splenic tissue. But the amount of splenic tissue necessary to prevent OPSI remains controversial, and opinions differ about the importance of the location and size of the splenic fragments implanted. The mice were divided into five groups, I. splenectomy, II. splenectomy +30% of the spleen implanted intraperitoneal site, III. splenectomy +50% implanted intraperitoneally, IV. splenectomy +50% implanted subcutaneously and V. Sham operation. This study assessed the blood flow of the splenic tissue, increasing weight of splenic mass, histology, the serum level of the immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM), pneumococcal antibody titers after vaccination, and survival after intravenous pneumococcal challenge. This study demonstrated that intraperitoneal transplantation showed better regeneration and afforded better protection from OPSI than subcutaneous transplantation. And 30 to 50 percent of the whole splenic tissue mass protected against experimental pneumococcal sepsis. The splenic autotransplants developed in volume and blood supply after 8 weeks, and immunologic function against infection recovered at the same time.     

Experimental studies on splenic autotransplantation in rats

To determine if splenic implants in the body regain vascularization and grow, and to determine the effects of any interaction between implant and remnant on growth of these spleen fragments, we conducted experiments on rats. 1) Spleen fragments were implanted in the omentum (20 cases), in the subcutaneous space (20 cases), or in the liver (10 cases), and the weight of splenic portions and its histological findings were observed 12 and 24 weeks after operation. The best splenic growth was observed in the group of implant in the omentum. 2) Total, 4/5, 2/3, 1/3 and 1/5 spleen were implanted in the omentum and the weight of implants were measured 6 weeks after the operation. The rate of growth of implanted spleen was the highest in the group of 1/5 and was the lowest in the group of whole spleen. 3) Two groups of rats underwent 1/3 splenectomy, and the 1/3 spleen portions was implanted in the omentum. One group had the remaining 2/3 spleen removed, the other group had the remaining 2/3 spleen left in place. In group at 6, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively the splenic portions was weighed. The implants regenerate with time in rats of both groups. The rate of weight-gain was, however, slow in the group with 2/3 spleen and there was no regeneration on the remaining 2/3 spleen.