Nonfluorescent tinea capitis in Charleston, SC. A diagnostic problem.

Statistics gathered at the Medical University of South Carolina from 1973 to 1978 indicate a dramatic change in the etiologic agents of tinea capitis in Charleston since the 1950s. The preponderant agent is now Trichophyton tonsurans, which produces lesions that are not fluorescent in a Wood's lamp examination (long-wave ultraviolet). Trichophyton tonsurans caused 90.6% of 265 culture-proved cases of tinea capitis in the 1970s, but in the 1950s it was responsible for only 1.6% of 378 cases. The study emphasizes that cultures are necessary because the increase in nonfluorescent tinea capitis throughout the United States presents unsuspected diagnostic problems to physicians who are not aware of the change in etiologic agents.     

特比萘芬治疗上儿头癣39例

1 对象和方法 1.1 对象 2000-05/2001-04我们用特比萘芬片(商品名:丁克,山东齐鲁制药厂生产)联合外用10g·L-1盐酸特比萘芬软膏治疗小儿头癣39例,均为临床症状典型,真菌镜检阳性且经患者同意,并且1mo内未接受过全身抗真菌治疗且/或2wk内未外用抗真菌药物者.     

High prevalence of tinea capitis in newly arrived migrants at an English-language school, Melbourne, 2005

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a reported increase in tinea capitis in an English-language school to determine if it was an outbreak and whether control measures were warranted. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND POPULATION: Primary school children enrolled at an English-language school in an outer suburb of Melbourne were screened for tinea capitis in November 2005 by clinical examination, collection of scalp, skin or nail specimens where clinically indicated, and scalp brushing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical diagnosis of tinea capitis confirmed by microscopy and culture. RESULTS: Parental consent was obtained for 180 children (98%), of whom 153 (85%) were screened. Dermatophytes were isolated from 21% (32/153) of the children screened, comprising 23 infected children (cases) and 9 carriers. Three dermatophyte species were identified: Trichophyton soudanense, Trichophyton violaceum and Microsporum audouinii. Cases and carriers were significantly different to non-cases by ethnicity (P = 0.010): a higher proportion came from Africa, notably Sudan, and Arabic countries. CONCLUSIONS: Although our result may reflect what is expected in these migrant groups, tinea capitis caused by these three dermatophyte species is rare in Australian school children. Tinea capitis may continue to be a problem in these groups on account of continuing migration.     

荧光染色法和KOH湿片法在头癣诊断中的应用

目的比较真菌荧光染色法、KOH湿片法在头癣诊断中的应用价值。方法收集2017年2月至2019年1月在武汉科技大学附属孝感医院皮肤科门诊82例拟诊为头癣患者断发和鳞屑标本,每例同时行荧光染色、KOH湿片法以及真菌培养进行检测并记录阅片时间,对检测结果进行比较。结果荧光染色法背景相对干净,真菌清晰可辨,KOH湿片法背景杂乱,真菌较难辨认,82例患者中,荧光染色阳性66例,KOH湿片法阳性52例,真菌培养阳性61例,荧光染色法阳性率为80.49%,明显高于KOH湿片法的63.41%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);荧光染色法的阅片时间为(69.61±9.28) s,明显短于KOH湿片法的(88.76±7.79) s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);荧光染色灵敏度90.16%,特异度47.62%;KOH湿片法灵敏度72.13%,特异度61.90%。结论在头癣诊断中,荧光染色法较KOH湿片法更加快捷和准确,值得广泛应用。     

伊曲康唑连续疗法与冲击疗法治疗儿童白癣的疗效比较

目的:探索伊曲康唑治疗儿童白癣的优化方案.方法:93例明确诊断的白癣患儿随机分为2组.治疗组51例,给予伊曲康唑胶囊冲击疗法:5 mg/kg,口服,1次/d,服药1 wk,停药1 wk,同时给予30 g/L碘酊,涂患处,2次/d,50 g/L水杨酸软膏与50 g/L硫磺软膏等量混合后涂患处,2次/d,4 wk为1个疗程;对照组42例,给予伊曲康唑胶囊连续疗法:5 mg/kg,1次/d,外用药同治疗组,4 wk为1个疗程.治疗结束后每2 wk随访1次,每次随访时进行真菌镜检、培养,至治疗结束后6 mo,对于随访过程中真菌学阳性的患儿,按原治疗方案继续服药2 wk.结果:在服药4 wk时,临床及真菌学痊愈(率):治疗组49例(96.08%),对照组41例(97.62%),二者之间无统计学差异(P>0.05).治疗组2(3.92%)例患儿出现不良反应,对照组为5(11.90%)例,其发病率明显高于治疗组(P<0.05).结论:伊曲康唑治疗儿童白癣安全、有效、疗程短;冲击疗法比连续疗法更经济.     

Intensive care unit in the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka. A retrospective study for the year 1975

A retrospective study was made of cases admitted to intensive care unit at U.T.H. at Lusaka in 1975. Injury accounted for the majority of admissions and deaths. Head injury alone or in combination with other injuries was the commonest cause of admission and death. This study is hoped to help those who will work in the new intensive care unit and also to help those hoping to open similar units in Zambia.