18F-FDG符合线路SPECT显像联合CT、B超、MRI在结直肠癌术后复发及转移中的诊断价值

目的探讨18F-FDG 符合线路 SPECT 显像联合传统显像(CT、B 超、MRI)在结直肠癌术后复发及转移中的诊断价值.资料与方法107例结直肠癌术后患者行18F-FDG 符合线路 SPECT 显像,并联合 CT、B 超、MRI 诊断结直肠癌术后复发及转移.结果107例患者最终确定复发及转移共29例.18F-FDG 符合线路 SPECT 显像与传统显像诊断均为阳性的15例患者中,传统显像检出病灶20个,符合线路 SPECT 显像检出病灶26个.传统显像检出3个符合线路 SPECT 显像未发现的转移病灶,而符合线路 SPECT 显像检出9个传统显像未发现的病灶.18F-FDG 符合线路 SPECT 显像诊断结直肠癌术后复发及转移的灵敏度、特异性和准确率分别为79.3%、89.7%和86.9%;传统显像的诊断效能分别为62.1%、88.5%和81.3%;二者联合的诊断效能分别为89.7%、92.3%和91.6%.二者联合诊断结直肠癌术后复发及转移的灵敏度和准确率明显优于传统显像(P <0.05).结论18F-FDG 符合线路 SPECT 显像联合 CT、B 超、MRI 在监测结直肠癌术后复发及转移中具有重要临床价值.     

SPECT/CT同机融合显像对肿瘤患者骨转移灶的诊断价值

目的:评价SPECT/CT同机融合显像对单独SPECT难于确诊良恶性的骨病灶的鉴别诊断价值.方法:SPECT骨扫描难于确诊的对53例肿瘤患者的84个病灶行局部SPECT/CT同机融合断层显像.所有患者转移灶确诊以临床病理、MRI、CT、骨扫描复查或PET/CT检查为依据.结果:①SPECT显像无法确诊的84个病灶,经S...     

乳腺癌患者骨病灶SPECT/CT融合显像的临床价值

目的 探讨SPECT/CT融合显像诊断与鉴别乳腺癌患者全身骨显像放射性异常浓聚灶的临床价值。 方法 对25例乳腺癌患者的99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像显示的骨异常放射性浓聚灶行SPECT/CT融合显像。4~8个月后再次行全身骨显像及SPECT/CT融合显像复查。图像由两名有经验的核医学科医师独立分析, 部分CT图像由有经验的放射科医师分析指导。 结果 在25例乳腺癌患者的37个异常放射性浓聚灶中, 确定29(29/37, 78. 38%)个病灶为骨转移灶, 其中有2个椎体病灶在初次检查中判读为良性病灶; 8(8/37, 21. 62%)个病灶为良性病灶, 其中1个肋骨病灶在初次检查中判读为骨转移灶, 比较全身骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像, 二者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.975, P < 0.05)。骨转移灶主要分布于椎骨及肋骨。全身骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像的诊断灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确率分别为82.76%、75.00%、92.31%、54.55%、81.08%和93.10%、87.50%、96.43%、77.78%、91.89%。采用受试者操作特性曲线(ROC)进行分析, 结果:全身骨显像曲线下面积为0. 860±0. 056, SPECT/CT融合显像曲线下面积为0. 974±0. 020。SPECT/CT融合显像曲线下面积大于全身骨显像曲线下面积, 两者之间差异具有统计学意义(χ2=9. 924, P < 0.001)。 结论 SPECT/CT融合显像较全身骨显像能更好地鉴别出乳腺癌骨病灶的性质, 能够提高诊断准确率, 具有重要的临床价值; 必要时应在4~8个月后复查SPECT/CT。     

MR全身扩散加权成像与SPECT骨显像对恶性肿瘤骨转移灶检出的对比研究

目的比较MR全身扩散加权成像(WB-DWI)与SPECT骨显像在恶性肿瘤骨转移诊断中的应用价值。资料与方法 30例经病理证实的恶性肿瘤患者,均于2周内分别行WB-DWI与SPECT骨显像检查。将骨骼系统分为8个区域观察,颅骨、肩胛骨、胸锁骨、肋骨、脊椎、骨盆、肱骨、股骨。比较WB-DWI及SPECT骨显像检出的阳性病例数、病灶数量及区域。结果 25例患者有骨转移灶,受累区域共计84处,病灶数量共计204处。WB-DWI共检出骨转移21例,74处受累区域,193处阳性病灶;SPECT骨扫描检出骨转移18例,有72处受累区域,192处阳性病灶。两种方法在诊断恶性肿瘤骨转移灶阳性病例数及受累区域上差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.021,0.650,P>0.05)。WB-DWI尚能检出骨转移灶之外的病灶共计263处,其中原发肿瘤23处,实质脏器转移灶61处,淋巴结转移灶179处。结论 WB-DWI和SPECT骨显像在骨转移瘤的检出方面具有较好的一致性,而且WB-DWI可以发现更多的骨外器官及淋巴结病变,可作为诊断骨转移瘤的一种新的、无辐射的有效方法。     

SPECT/CT融合显像对可疑骨转移灶的诊断效能

目的：评价SPECT/CT融合显像对可疑骨转移灶的诊断效能。方法回顾性分析64例恶性肿瘤患者经全身骨显像发现的96个可疑骨转移病灶,对可疑病灶行同机SPECT/CT融合显像,由两名核医学医师分别对SPECT、CT及SPECT/CT融合显像进行分析并评分,以病理学结果或6个月以上复查影像学及临床随访结果作为最终确诊依据。SPECT/CT融合显像对可疑病灶的诊断效能通过受试者工作特征曲线（ROC曲线）进行评价。结果 SPECT/CT显像诊断可疑骨转移灶的灵敏度、特异度、准确率、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为93．1%、86．8%、90．6%、91．5%和89．2%;ROC曲线下面积：SPECT/CT融合图像为0．956,CT图像为0．897,SPECT图像为0．710。结论 SPECT/CT融合显像较SPECT及CT显像具有较高的诊断效能。     

SPECT/CT骨显像对SAPHO综合征的诊断价值

目的探讨SPECT/CT骨显像在滑膜炎、痤疮、脓疱病、骨肥厚、骨髓炎（SAPHO）综合征诊断中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析临床怀疑SAPHO综合征的11例患者的临床资料及SPECT/CT骨显像结果,所有患者均行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像+局部断层显像及同机或异机CT扫描,获得SPECT全身骨显像和局部SPECT骨显像、CT显像、SPECT/CT融合显像图像。分析比较SPECT骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像对SAPHO综合征诊断的准确率、灵敏度和特异度,组间准确率的比较采用χ2检验。结果11例临床怀疑SAPHO综合征患者中,9例经穿刺组织病理或随访病情最终转归而确诊,另外2例为转移瘤。其中,SPECT诊断6例,共发现41个病灶出现放射性浓聚;SPECT/CT诊断9例,共发现44个病灶。SPECT骨显像的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为66.7%（6/9）、50.0%（1/2）和63.6%（7/11）;SPECT/CT融合显像的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为100%（9/9）、50.0%（1/2）和90.9%（10/11）,SPECT/CT融合显像对SAPHO综合症诊断的准确率明显高于单纯的SPECT显像,且差异具有统计学意义（χ2=11.82,P < 0.05）。结论SPECT/CT的联合应用提高了对病灶解剖定位的准确率及骨显像特异度,可用于SAPHO综合征患者的病灶精准定位、早期诊断与鉴别诊断、更多隐匿病灶检出以及病灶代谢活性评价等,对SAPHO综合征的诊断有较高的临床价值。     

SPECT结合SPECT/CT骨显像对乳腺癌骨转移的诊断价值

目的探讨SPECT结合SPECT/CT骨显像对乳腺癌骨转移的诊断价值。方法对259例患者进行SPECT及SPECT/CT骨显像,并对骨显像确诊骨转移的61例乳腺癌患者进行统计分析。结果 1)行SPECT/CT骨显像的259例乳腺癌患者中61例出现骨转移,骨转移率为23.55%,单发骨转移率27.87%,多发骨转移率72.13%。其中有10例因确诊时即发现骨转移而未行手术治疗,占16.39%;2)行手术治疗的51例乳腺癌患者分别于术后第1年至第33年不同时间行骨显像复查,术后第1年、第2年、第3年、第4年、第5年及5年以上骨转移数占受检者总数的比率分别为1.54%(4/259)、2.70%(7/259)、2.32%(6/259)、3.47%(9/259)、2.32%(6/259)及7.34%(19/259),术后2~5年骨转移占转移总数的54.90%(28/51),是骨转移高峰期;3)61例骨转移患者共发现转移灶660处,平均每例10.82处。其中胸部骨发生骨转移的病灶数最多,为244处,占36.97%;其次为脊柱骨34.85%,骨盆骨15.30%,颅骨8.18%,四肢骨4.70%,而以肋骨(29.24%)和胸椎(17.88%)最易受累;4)伴骨痛者32例,占52.46%,无骨痛者29例,占47.54%;5)SPECT结合SPECT/CT骨显像诊断溶骨性转移30例,占49.18%,成骨性转移19例,占31.15%,混合性转移12例,占19.67%。结论SPECT结合SPECT/CT骨显像对乳腺癌骨转移的诊断具有重要的临床价值。     

恶性肿瘤患者脊柱病变的SPECT/CT诊断价值

目的: 探讨99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT骨显像诊断恶性肿瘤患者脊柱病灶的价值.材料和方法: 回顾性分析72例恶性肿瘤患者113个脊柱放射性浓聚灶的全身骨平面像、局部SPECT与SPECT/CT融合图像的代谢及CT表现.结果: 113个脊柱病灶按颈椎、胸椎、腰椎、骶椎分布分别为12个、40个、52个、9个,最后诊断良性灶73个(64.6%),恶性灶40个(35.4%).平面像、SPECT、SPECT/CT诊断符合率分别为45.1%、83.2%、94.7%,差异显著(P＜0.001).结论: 99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT骨显像对恶性肿瘤患者脊柱病灶的诊断具有很高的价值.     

99TcmO4-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT在DTC患者术后肺转移灶显影中的应用

目的探讨99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT在分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）术后肺转移灶检出中的应用。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2016年1月收治的34例DTC肺转移患者在术后131I治疗前的99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT中肺转移灶的检出情况,计算99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT检出肺转移灶的灵敏度、阳性预测值,并评估其对治疗决策的影响。结果34例肺转移患者中,2例表现为阳性（放射性浓聚+结构异常）,10例表现为可疑阳性（仅有典型肺转移CT表现）,22例表现为可疑阴性,若将可疑阳性与阳性均视为阳性发现,则99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT发现肺转移灶的灵敏度为35.3%（12/34）,阳性预测值为100%（12/12）,11例患者在后续的131I治疗中增加了剂量。结论99TcmO₄-全身显像联合颈胸SPECT/CT能发现部分无99TcmO₄-浓聚的肺转移灶,提高了肺转移灶的检出率;指导临床调整131I治疗剂量,改善预后。     

PET/CT显像在肺癌诊断及分期中的初步应用

目的　探讨PET CT显像用于肺癌诊断及分期的价值。方法　肺癌患者4 6例,其中初诊者35例,治疗后者11例。所有患者皆行1 8F 脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET CT显像。图像经图像融合后,进行PET CT融合图像、PET图像和CT图像帧对帧对比分析。结果　①35例肺癌初诊者,肺癌病灶PET CT检出灵敏度10 0 % ,除1例肺泡癌呈双肺弥漫性浓聚外,其他皆表现为结节状或团块状病灶,病灶直径介于0 8～9 4cm ,标准摄取值为4 6±1 94。PET所见高代谢病灶与CT所见占位性病变位置及形态基本匹配。PET CT在病灶定性、边界确定、显示病灶对周围组织的侵犯及在区分肺癌与肺不张、阻塞性肺炎、胸腔积液方面优于单纯PET和CT。11例肺癌治疗后患者中,9例双肺未见恶性肿瘤存在,另2例PET CT发现双肺转移。②在转移灶的检出方面,PET CT优于单纯PET和CT ,灵敏度分别为95 2 %、90 4 %、73 8%。PET和CT对病灶的检出有互补性,PET在小淋巴结转移灶、胸膜转移、骨转移和肾上腺转移检出及定性方面优于CT ,而CT对肺内小转移灶检出优于PET。结论　PET CT显像在肺癌诊断和分期方面优于单纯CT和PET。     

Differential uptake of TI-201 by small-cell lung cancer in a patient with pneumoconiosis-related pulmonary nodules.

A 68-year-old man with pneumoconiosis was thought to have small-cell lung cancer based on the results of a biopsy of a bone tumor. Three pulmonary nodules were observed on a chest radiograph. Compared with a chest radiograph taken 4 months earlier, one of the nodules had grown. It was difficult to differentiate this nodule from pneumoconiosis-related benign pulmonary nodules from the appearance on the chest radiograph and CT. Ga-67 scintigraphy and TI-201 lung SPECT were performed to characterize these nodules. TI-201 SPECT showed differential high uptake in the enlarged nodule, whereas Ga-67 scintigraphy showed equally intense uptake in all these nodules. Transbronchial biopsy of the nodule that showed high TI-201 uptake revealed cancer cell nests against a background of interstitial fibrosis. The pathologic diagnosis was small-cell lung cancer that had developed in lung scar tissue. This case suggests the utility of TI-201 in scintigraphic assessments of pneumoconiosis-related pulmonary nodules when lung cancer is suspected.     

SPECT/CT.

In view of the commercial success of integrated PET/CT scanners, there is an increasing interest in comparable SPECT/CT systems. SPECT in combination with CT enables a direct correlation of anatomic information and functional information, resulting in better localization and definition of scintigraphic findings. Besides anatomic referencing, the added value of CT coregistration is based on the attenuation correction capabilities of CT. The number of clinical studies is limited, but pilot studies have indicated a higher specificity and a significant reduction in indeterminate findings. The superiority of SPECT/CT over planar imaging or SPECT has been demonstrated in bone scintigraphy, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, parathyroid scintigraphy, and adrenal gland scintigraphy. Also, rates of detection of sentinel nodes by biopsy can be increased with SPECT/CT. This review highlights recent technical developments in integrated SPECT/CT systems and summarizes the current literature on potential clinical uses and future directions for SPECT/CT in cardiac, neurologic, and oncologic applications.     

Added value of SPECT/CT fusion in assessing suspected bone metastasis: comparison with scintigraphy alone and nonfused scintigraphy and CT

PURPOSE: To evaluate retrospectively if there is additional diagnostic value of fused single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) and computed tomographic (CT) images in assessing possible bone metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and each patient provided written informed consent. Bone scintigraphy--including planar and SPECT imaging-and CT were performed with a combined SPECT/CT system in 45 oncologic patients (24 men, 21 women; mean age, 64.7 years +/- 8.7), with a total of 42 metastatic bone foci and 40 benign foci. The reference standard was follow-up radiologic imaging. Two independent readers first analyzed only bone scintigraphic images and next analyzed two separate sets of bone scintigraphic and CT images. They then analyzed bone scintigraphic, CT, and fused images and focused on the additional value of fused images. Diagnostic confidence for each lesion was scored. The three analyses were performed 7 days apart, and the images were presented in random order at each session. The value of additional fused images was assessed by using receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: After review of fused images to classify indeterminate lesions, reviewer 1 became more confident in diagnosis of the 15 benign lesions and two metastases, and reviewer 2 became more confident in diagnosis of the seven benign lesions and one metastasis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for reviewer 1 was 0.589 for scintigraphic images, 0.831 for separate data sets of scintigraphic and CT images, and 0.947 for fused images. The corresponding areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for reviewer 2 were 0.771, 0.885, and 0.968, respectively. CONCLUSION: Results demonstrate the increased diagnostic confidence obtained with fused SPECT/CT images compared with separate sets of scintigraphic and CT images in differentiating malignant from benign bone lesions.     

SPECT/multislice low-dose CT: a clinically relevant constituent in the imaging algorithm of nononcologic patients referred for bone scintigraphy.

The purpose of this prospective study was to assess the role of SPECT/multislice low-dose (Msl) CT as a constituent in the imaging algorithm of nononcologic patients referred for 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy (BS). METHODS: SPECT/CT was performed using a novel hybrid system, which incorporates a gamma-camera and a multislice low-dose CT, on 76 consecutive nononcologic patients with nonspecific scintigraphic findings, which required further correlation with morphologic data. RESULTS: SPECT/MslCT was of added clinical value in 89% of the patients. Characterizing scintigraphic lesions by their morphologic appearance, SPECT/MslCT reached a final diagnosis in 49 of 85 (58%) nonspecific scintigraphic bone lesions found in 59% (45/76) of patients, obviating the need to perform additional imaging. In another 30% of patients (23/76), SPECT/MslCT data optimized the patients' imaging algorithm as the performance of a full-dose CT, MRI, or labeled-leukocyte scintigraphy as the next imaging was based on its findings combined with the patient's clinical presentation. CONCLUSION: SPECT/MslCT is a clinically relevant constituent in the imaging algorithm of nononcologic patients referred for BS.     

SPECT/CT联合三相骨显像对骨骼良恶性病变鉴别诊断的增益价值

目的 探讨三相骨显像联合SPECT/CT对骨骼良恶性病变鉴别诊断较单纯三相骨显像的增益价值.方法 回顾分析2008年7月至2011年9月间临床怀疑骨肿瘤、并行三相骨显像联合SPECT/CT显像的45例患者,其中男28例,女17例,年龄11～82(44.1±21.2)岁.病灶均经外科手术治疗或穿刺活组织检查获得病理诊断.2位核医学科医师先分析三相骨显像图,判断病变良恶性;在其基础上,结合SPECT/CT融合图像分析,再次判断病变良恶性.与病理诊断结果比较,分别对单纯三相骨显像和SPECT/CT联合三相骨显像对患者病灶良恶性诊断效能进行分析.采用SPSS 16.0软件,以x2检验比较2种方法诊断的准确性.结果 病理诊断恶性病变29例,良性病变16例.三相骨显像和SPECT/CT联合三相骨显像对骨骼良恶性病变的诊断灵敏度分别为96.6％(28/29)和100％(29/29),特异性分别为37.5％(6/16)和81.2％(13/16),阳性预测值分别为73.7％(28/38)和90.6％(29/32),阴性预测值分别为6/7和100％(13/13).三相骨显像诊断准确性为75.6％(34/45),SPECT/CT联合三相骨显像诊断准确性提高至93.3％(42/45),两者差异有统计学意义(x2=4.145,P＜0.05).结论 SPECT/CT联合三相骨显像对骨骼病灶良恶性病变判断的准确性较三相骨显像明显提高,具有增益价值.     

Dual Energy CT lung perfusion imaging--correlation with SPECT/CT

Objective

Aims were (1) to determine the diagnostic accuracy of Dual Energy CT (DECT) in the detection of perfusion defects and (2) to evaluate the potential of DECT to improve the sensitivity for PE.

Methods

15 patients underwent Dual Energy pulmonary CT angiography (DE CTPA) and a combination of lung perfusion SPECT/CT and ventilation scintigraphy. CTPA and DE iodine distribution maps as well as perfusion SPECT/CT and inhalation scintigrams were reviewed for pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis. DECT and SPECT perfusion images were assessed regarding localization and extent of perfusion defects. Diagnostic accuracy of DE iodine (perfusion) maps was determined with reference to SPECT/CT. Diagnostic accuracies for PE detection of DECT and of SPECT/CT with ventilation scintigraphy were calculated with reference to the consensus reading of all modalities.

Results

DE CTPA had a sensitivity/specificity of 100%/100% for acute PE, while the combination of SPECT/CT and ventilation scintigraphy had a sensitivity/specificity of 85.7%/87.5%. For perfusion defects, DECT iodine maps had a sensitivity/specificity of 76.7% and 98.2%.

Conclusion

DECT is able to identify pulmonary perfusion defects with good accuracy. This technique may potentially enhance the diagnostic accuracy in the assessment of PE.     

骨显像对未分化脊柱关节病的诊断价值

目的 探讨骶髂关节/骶骨放射性比值对未分化脊柱关节病（uSpA）的诊断价值。方法 对临床有腰腿症状、类风湿因子（RF）阴性、骶髂关节X线和CT检查可疑的76例不同年龄受检者的152个关节,进行SPECT全身骨显像及骶髂关节局部显像,取得不同部位的两组放射性比值。并与正常值比较。结果 76例uSpA患者152个骶髂关节中X线平片有16个异常,CT检查有41个异常,骨显像有94个骶髂关节/骶骨放射性比值升高,39例患者有髋关节和（或）胸锁关节、腰椎等其他关节病变,无异常发现19例。结论 核素骨显像诊断uSpA较X线及CT灵敏。     

Evaluation of diagnostic abilities of Ga-SPECT for head and neck lesions

OBJECTIVE: Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using gallium (Ga) has been frequently used for diagnosing head and neck tumors in patients. Although the usefulness of Ga-SPECT is well known, the degree of the increase in diagnostic ability with Ga-SPECT for head and neck tumors has not been reported. We compared the ability of the planar images of Ga scintigraphy, SPECT images of Ga scintigraphy, and CT images to diagnose head and neck primary tumors and neck metastases. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 167 patients with malignant head/neck lesions. For Ga scintigraphy, Ga-67-citrate (74 MBq) was injected via a cubital vein. Planar and SPECT images were taken 72 h after the Ga-67-citrate injection. The rate of detection of the primary lesions was compared first between SPECT and planar images then between SPECT and CT images. The rate of detection for each stage of disease according to the TNM classification was also analyzed. RESULTS: The rate of detection of primary lesions was 50% with planar imaging and 69% with SPECT. And similarly, regarding the rate of detection of lymph node metastases, there was a significant difference between planar imaging and SPECT. The rate of detection of primary lesions was 70% for both CT and SPECT. At T stage, the rates of detection of primary lesions with each imaging technique were 11% with planar imaging and 39% with SPECT, and 22% with CT for stage T1. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the marked superiority of SPECT images over planar images in terms of the ability to detect primary tumors and tumor metastasis to cervical lymph nodes. Furthermore, the primary T1 tumor detection rate of SPECT images was higher than that of CT images. On the basis of these results, the concomitant use of SPECT is highly recommended when Ga scintigraphy is performed to check for malignant head/neck tumors.