葡萄糖氯化钠液与盐酸洛美沙星配伍禁忌

临床工作中我们发现以葡萄糖氯化钠液溶解盐酸洛美沙星时,安瓿瓶内立即出现乳白色浑浊物。遂分别以0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、葡萄糖氯化钠注射液各250 ml稀释盐酸洛美沙星,发现前两种均透明澄清,唯第3种呈乳白色浑浊,说明葡萄糖氯化钠液与盐酸洛美沙星存在配伍禁忌。     

甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液治疗急性细菌性感染48例

目的 :观察甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液治疗急性细菌性感染的有效性及安全性 .方法 :呼吸道或泌尿道急性细菌性感染的门诊或住院患者 4 8例 ,采用随机盲法对照试验 ,接受试验药甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液或对照药盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液 2 0 0mg ,bid ,静脉滴注 ,疗程 7～ 1 4d ,评价其疗效和不良反应 .结果 :甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液的临床有效率、细菌清除率、细菌敏感率和不良反应发生率分别为 90 .9% ,94 .7% ,1 0 0 .0 % ,1 3.6 % ;盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液为 88.5 % ,95 .4 % ,1 0 0 .0 % ,1 9.2 % .两组有效性和安全性结果经统计学分析均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) .结论 :甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液对一般敏感菌所致的感染具有较好的临床疗效和安全性     

盐酸洛美沙星注射液与注射用头孢拉定配伍的稳定性实验

目的 考察盐酸洛美沙星注射液与注射用头孢拉定配伍的稳定性。方法 采用双波紫外分光光度法分别考察两种药物模拟临床用量配伍前后其外观、pH及含量变化。结果 在室温条件下,0～6h内其外、pH的含量均无明显变化。结论 盐酸洛美沙星注射液与注射用头孢拉定在6h内可以配伍。     

盐酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液治疗急性肾盂肾炎的疗效观察

目的 观察盐酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液治疗急性肾盂肾炎的疗效及安全性。方法根据内科学关于急性肾盂肾炎的诊断标准及治疗原则，选取36例急性肾盂肾炎患者（排除糖尿病史）给予盐酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液250ml/d，静脉点滴治疗，分别于治疗前、治疗后3天、5天，检查血常规、尿常规。结果治疗后3天，治愈率为61％，好转率为33％，总有效率为94％。治疗后5天，治愈率达到89％，总有效率为97％。有2例出现轻微的上腹部不适、恶心。结论盐酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液给药方便，不需皮试，疗效明显，疗程短，副作用少，可作为治疗急性肾盂肾炎的首选药物之一。     

盐酸洛美沙星盐水注射液急性毒性试验研究

目的：研究盐酸洛美沙星的急性毒性。方法：参照药理实验方法学的方法测定其ＬＤ５０，１００只昆明小鼠随机分为５组尾静脉注射给药，观测４８小时内每组小鼠死亡数。结果：盐酸洛美沙星雌性小鼠组，ＬＤ５０＝２５５．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ；雄性小鼠ＬＤ５０＝２５１．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ，与盐酸洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液相比（ＬＤ５０＝２６１．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ）无明显差异。结论：盐酸洛美沙星盐水注射液与其葡萄糖液类似。     

盐酸洛美沙星滴耳液的制备及质量控制

目的　制备盐酸洛美沙星滴耳液并建立质量控制方法。方法　采用紫外分光光度法测定盐酸洛美沙星含量、并进行稳定性实验及临床疗效观察。结果　制备滴耳液质量可靠、含量测定方法简便可行。结论　本制剂制备工艺简单 ,质量控制方法可靠 ,临床疗效满意。     

洛美沙星与10%氯化钾存在配伍禁忌

随着现代医学的发展,在临床使用中不断出现一些新的药物,但相应的药物配伍禁忌却在现有的“静脉用药配伍禁忌表”中很难查找到。我们在临床治疗过程中发现洛美沙星与10%氯化钾注射液不能配伍使用。1临床资料医嘱5%葡萄糖注射液 洛美沙星0.3g 10%氯化钾10ml,静脉滴注。在配制过程中,先抽吸10%氯化钾10ml加入5%葡萄糖注射液中,再抽吸洛美沙星,这时注射器内洛美沙星出现混浊,经反复振摇未变清澈。2试验方法用抽吸过洛美沙星的注射器抽取10%氯化钾做试验,发现注射器内溶液仍出现混浊。但10%氯化钾与其他药物很少出现类似反应。3讨论洛美沙星为第…     

聚氯乙烯袋对3种药物的吸附作用观察

聚氯乙烯 (PVC)袋装输液与瓶装输液比较 ,有制剂工艺简单、劳动强度小、无酸碱腐蚀等优点 ,近年来得到越来越广泛的应用。笔者用分光光度法对 3种常用的医院制剂进行定时、定量考察 PVC袋对药物的吸附程度 ,现报道如下。1　仪器与材料1 .1　仪器753BI微机型紫外可见分光光度计 :上海光学仪器厂生产。1 .2　材料0 .2 %环丙沙星注射液 :批号分别为 0 0 0 51 5,0 0 0 70 2 ,0 0 0 80 9。 0 .5%甲硝唑注射液 :批号分别为 0 0 0 51 0 ,0 0 0 70 6,0 0 0 72 0。 1 %盐酸普鲁卡因注射液 :批号分别为 0 0 0 1 2 4 ,0 0 0 52 2 ,0 0 0 80 8。规格…     

洛美沙星注射液与四种止血药配伍稳定性考察

目的:考察洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液与4种止血药配伍的稳定性。方法:在25℃、37℃下模拟临床常用浓度,洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液与氨甲环酸、氨基己酸、氨甲苯酸、酚磺乙胺在5%葡萄糖注射液中配伍6h内观察配伍液的外观、扫描紫外光谱、测定pH值、测定洛美沙星的含量变化。结果:洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液与氨甲环酸、酚磺乙胺注射液混合6h内较稳定;但与氨甲苯酸配伍时含量均在90%以下,与氨基己酸注射液配伍时含量均在90%以下,且pH值上升。结论:洛美沙星葡萄糖注射液与氨甲环酸、酚磺乙胺注射液可以配伍使用,但与氨甲苯酸、氨基己酸注射液不宜配伍使用。     

氟罗沙星注射液在4种输液中的稳定性

氟罗沙星注射液为第 3代氟喹诺酮类广谱抗菌药 ,对革兰氏阴性菌有较强的抗菌作用。对葡萄球菌属、溶血性链球菌等革兰氏阳性球菌亦具有中等抗菌作用。本实验模拟临床浓度 ,考察氟罗沙星注射液与一些常用输液配伍的稳定性 ,为临床用药提供参考。仪器与药品　　ＵＶ -2 40 1型紫外分光光度计 (日本岛津 ) ;ｐＨｓ-2Ｃ型酸度计 (萧山市科学仪器厂 ) ;氟罗沙星注射液 (江苏扬子江药业集团公司 ,批号 0 0 0 2 0 2 ) ;5 %葡萄糖注射液 (本院 ,批号0 0 0 31 41 ) ;1 0 %葡萄糖注射液 (本院 ,批号0 0 0 5 2 91 ) ;0 .9%氯化钠注射液 (本院 ,批号0 0 …     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.