桥本病合并甲状腺结节的诊断和治疗

目的总结桥本病合并甲状腺结节的诊断和治疗的经验。方法分析该院1991年1月～2006年1月外科手术治疗的31例桥本病合并甲状腺结节的临床资料。结果31例均并发有甲状腺结节,其中合并甲状腺癌4例(12.90%),甲状腺腺瘤2例(6.45%),结节性甲状腺肿6例(19.35%),甲状腺功能亢进1例(3.22%),其余均为淋巴滤泡样结节。术前29例诊断为其他的甲状腺疾病,误诊率为93.5%。均行手术治疗,手术中根据快速病理检查采取了不同范围的手术方式。26例获得随访,随访率为83.87%;术后发生甲状腺功能减退1例。结论合并其他甲状腺疾病的桥本病临床上诊断困难,易误诊,对于并发甲状腺结节的桥本病应考虑手术治疗,手术中应尽量保留正常的甲状腺组织,以防止甲状腺功能减低。     

桥本病20例手术后回顾分析

目的　探讨桥本病外科的诊治经验。方法　回顾分析 1993年 12月～ 2 0 0 3年 7月本院 2 0例外科手术并经病理证实为桥本病的临床资料。结果　本组术前误诊、漏诊率高 ,一些手术方式选择不合理 ,术后甲状腺功能减退(甲减 )发生 4例 ,为 2 0 %。 2例伴有甲状腺腺瘤和甲状腺肿 ,2例伴有甲状腺腺瘤和甲状腺功能亢进 (甲亢 ) ,4例伴甲状腺腺瘤 ,3例伴甲状腺肿 ,2例伴甲状腺囊肿 ,1例伴甲状腺腺癌。结论　桥本病可伴发其他甲状腺疾病 ,外科医生应加强该病不典型表现的认识。常规检测甲状腺蛋白抗体 (TG)、甲状腺微粒体抗体 (TM ) ,有选择地做细针穿刺细胞学检查(FNAC) ,诊断性药物治疗可降低误诊、漏诊率。术中快速冰冻切片有助于选择合理的手术方式     

桥本病并存其它甲状腺疾病误诊原因分析及外科治疗体会

桥本病(Hashimoto's disease,HD)是甲状腺炎中最常见的疾病,可并发甲状腺瘤、甲状腺癌、甲状腺肿、甲状腺功能亢进或甲状腺功能低下等,临床表现不典型,处理比较棘手,漏诊率较高.本院2000年1月至2006年12月间共收治33例桥本病合并其他甲状腺疾病患者,经病理检查确诊为HD病.本文就桥本病的外科诊断和治疗问题探讨如下.     

桥本病并发其他甲状腺疾病的手术治疗

目的探讨桥本病并发其他甲状腺疾病的诊治策略。方法回顾性分析1984～1999年间收治33例桥本病并发其他甲状腺疾病资料。结果全部病人均行手术治疗,术后病理检查结果:桥本病并发甲状腺腺瘤9例,合并结节性甲状腺肿17例,合并甲状腺机能亢进3例,合并甲状腺乳头状癌4例。术后6例出现甲状腺功能减退。结论临床医师应重视对桥本病的认识。细针穿刺活检对于明确诊断有重要意义。甲状腺局部孤立实性结节是手术适应证。术中采用快速冰冻切片检查有助于确定手术方式,术中应注意尽量保留正常的甲状腺组织,以防形成甲状腺功能减低。     

桥本病合并甲状腺恶性肿瘤临床分析

目的 探讨桥本病合并甲状腺癌的诊断和治疗原则.方法 回顾性分析2003年～2005年收治甲状腺恶性肿瘤240例的临床资料,桥本病共189例,38例桥本病合并甲状腺癌.桥本病合并甲状腺癌的发病率占慢性淋巴细胞甲状腺炎的20.1%,占甲状腺癌的15.8%,并存甲状腺癌中乳头状癌34例,滤泡状癌3例,1例B细胞淋巴瘤;治疗均一期完成手术,2例行根治性手术,6例行一侧腺叶加峡部切除术;30例双侧甲状腺次全切或全切术,随访止今,无复发、死亡.结论 桥本病与甲状腺癌并存率高,诊断困难,对桥本病合并甲状腺结节掌握手术探查指征十分必要,及时手术探查,降低桥本病合并恶性肿瘤的误漏诊率.正确诊断有利于选择适当的手术方式.     

桥本病并发其他甲状腺疾病的手术治疗

目的探讨桥本病合并其他甲状腺疾病的诊治策略。方法回顾性分析1984~1999年间收治33例桥本病合并其他甲状腺疾病资料。结果全部病人均行手术治疗,术后病理检查结果:桥本病合并甲状腺腺瘤9例,合并结节性甲状腺肿17例,合并甲状腺机能亢进3例,合并甲状腺乳头状癌4例。术后6例出现甲状腺功能减退。结论临床医师应重视对桥本病的认识。细针穿刺活检对于明确诊断有重要意义。甲状腺局部孤立实性结节是手术适应症。术中采用快速冰冻切片检查有助于确定手术方式,术中应注意尽量保留正常的甲状腺组织,以防形成甲状腺功能减低。     

桥本病并甲状腺腺瘤的诊断与治疗

目的:探讨桥本病并甲状腺腺瘤的诊断及外科治疗。方法:对25例桥本病并甲状腺腺瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:25例中,术前诊断为桥本病并甲状腺腺瘤者仅6例,误诊、漏诊达76%;术中快速切片确诊率为85%(17/20);术后病理切片确诊25例。根据病人具体情况采取不同范围的甲状腺切除术。术后全部病人均口服小剂量甲状腺素,2例口服小剂量强的松。15例病人获得随访,随访时间为2~10 a,3例发生甲状腺机能减退。结论:全面的血清免疫学检查、B超、细针抽吸细胞学检查有助于诊断。桥本病并甲状腺腺瘤应予以手术治疗。术中快速切片对确诊有重要价值。其手术方式、切除范围及术后药物治疗应个体化,尽可能避免术后甲状腺机能减退的发生。     

外科治疗36例合并甲状腺结节的桥本病结果分析

目的 :探讨合并甲状腺结节的桥本病外科手术必要性及手术处理方式。方法 :总结 1997～ 2 0 0 3年 6月我院外科手术治疗并经病理证实的合并结节的桥本病 36例 ,分析其术前诊断困难性及桥本病与甲状腺癌发生相关性。结果 :术前临床拟诊断桥本病者仅 4例 ,误诊率 88.9%。B超检查对诊断效果差 ;36例中合并甲状腺癌 4例 (全部为乳头状隐性癌 )其占 11.1%。结论 ::合并甲状腺结节的桥本病应予手术诊治 ,手术处理方式视情况而定     

桥本病37例临床分析

目的：探讨如何提高桥本病的确诊率并进行合理的治疗。方法：分析３７例桥本病的诊治情况。结果：术前确诊率为５１．４％。结论：桥本病临床表现复杂多样,血清中甲状腺球蛋白抗体（ＴＧＡ）、甲状腺微粒体抗体（ＴＭＡ）测定对诊断本病有重要作用,细针吸引细胞学检查（ＦＮＡＣ）对本病诊断有决定性意义,术中冰冻快速活检是细胞学检查之补充;本病合并其他甲状腺疾病手术方式要慎重选择,减少甲状腺功能减低发生的机会。     

桥本病的诊断与外科治疗

目的总结桥本病的外科诊治经验.方法回顾分析1999年至2005年收治的39例桥本病发病情况、诊断和治疗.结果10例经B超穿刺活检确诊,29例经手术治疗.与病理检查对照,术前误诊率明显下降.并发甲状腺癌5例(占%),恶性淋巴瘤1例(占%).结论桥本病是常见病;正确掌握其临床特征、常规测血清抗体(TGA、TMA)、B超、有选择地作FNAC检查、注意与其他甲状腺疾病鉴别可降低术前误诊率;重视并发恶性肿瘤;术中常规作冷冻切片检查,其手术方式、切除范围及术后药物治疗应个体化,尽可能避免术后甲状腺机能减退的发生.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.