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1.
Amplitude and velocity dependence of patellar pendulum triggered by T reflex in Parkinson’s rigidity
Uslu Serkan Gürbüz Mehmet Kızılay Ferah Özkaynak Sibel Nüzket Tunca Uysal Hilmi 《Neurological sciences》2021,42(8):3257-3266
Neurological Sciences - The relation between increase of tonus and joint movement velocity is controversial in Parkinson’s rigidity. It is accepted that the increase of tonus in rigidity is... 相似文献
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Griffin HJ Greenlaw R Limousin P Bhatia K Quinn NP Jahanshahi M 《Journal of neurology》2011,258(6):991-1000
Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD) have a slow, shuffling gait, marked by sporadic freezing of gait (FoG) during which
effective stepping ceases temporarily. As these gait problems are not commonly improved by medical and surgical treatments,
alternative approaches to manage these problems have been adopted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of real
and virtual visual cues on walking in PD. We assessed 26 mid-stage PwPD, on and off medication, on a laboratory-based walking
task which simulated real world challenges by incorporating FoG triggers and using appropriate placebo conditions. Cueing
interventions were presented via virtual reality glasses (VRG rhythmic, visual flow and static placebo cues), and as transverse
lines (TL) on the walkway. Objective measures of gait (task completion time; velocity, cadence, stride length; FoG frequency)
and self-rated fear of falling (FoF) were recorded. Cueing intervention affected task completion time only off medication.
Whereas placebo VRG cues provided no improvement in walking, visual flow VRG cues marginally reduced the task completion time.
TL on the floor elicited more substantial improvements in gait with reduced cadence, increased stride length and reduced FoG
frequency. VRG rhythmic cueing impaired overall walking. Notably, a final no-intervention condition yielded quicker task completion,
greater walking velocity, increased stride length and less frequent FoG. Although the VRG produced modest improvements only
in the visual flow condition, their flexibility is an advantage. These results endorse the use of TL and justify further testing
and customisation of VRG cues for individual PwPD. 相似文献
4.
Matthias Löhle Alexander Storch Heinz Reichmann 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》2009,116(11):1483-1492
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and primarily considered as a movement disorder
defined by the presence of motor symptoms, such as bradykinesia, tremor and rigidity. However, it is nowadays widely accepted
that PD is associated with a wide variety of non-motor features, which affect the vast majority of patients during the course
of the disease and may even precede the onset of motor symptoms. The spectrum of these non-motor disturbances is very broad
and comprises neuropsychiatric conditions, such as depression, dementia and hallucinations, as well as autonomic, sensory
and sleep disorders. Physicians need to be aware of these non-motor features, since they have substantial impact on the health-related
quality of life of PD patients, even ahead of motor symptoms. This article aims to provide an overview of frequently observed
non-motor features in PD and discusses prospects and limitations of currently available options for symptomatic treatment
of these disturbances. 相似文献
5.
Abhishek Jaywant Giovanni Musto Sandy Neargarder Karina Stavitsky Gilbert 《Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology》2014,36(3):278-289
Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) leads to deficits in executive function, including verbal and nonverbal fluency, as a result of compromised frontostriatal circuits. It is unknown whether deficits in verbal and nonverbal fluency in PD are driven by certain subgroups of patients, or how strategy use may facilitate performance. Participants. Sixty-five nondemented individuals with PD, including 36 with right-body onset (RPD; 20 with tremor as their initial symptom, 16 nontremor) and 29 with left-body onset (LPD; 14 with tremor as their initial symptom, 15 nontremor), and 52 normal control participants (NC) took part in the study. Measurements. Verbal fluency was assessed using the FAS and Animals tests. Nonverbal fluency was assessed using the Ruff Figural Fluency Test. Results. Both RPD and LPD were impaired in generating words and in using clustering and switching strategies on phonemic verbal fluency, whereas different patterns of impairment were found on nonverbal fluency depending on the interaction of side of onset and initial motor symptom (tremor vs. nontremor). Strategy use correlated with number of correct responses on verbal fluency in LPD, RPD, and NC. By contrast, on nonverbal fluency, strategy use correlated with correct responses for RPD and LPD, but not for NC. Conclusion. Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering subgroups in PD and analyzing subcomponents of verbal and nonverbal fluency (correct responses, errors, and strategies), which may depend differently on the integrity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. 相似文献
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Brusa L Tiraboschi P Koch G Peppe A Pierantozzi M Ruggieri S Stanzione P 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》2005,112(2):231-237
Summary. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of pergolide, a mixed D1/D2 agonist, on cognitive function in mild Parkinsons disease (PD). After a two-week wash-out phase, twenty patients with a Hoehn and Yahr score 2.5 entered a 16-week, cross-over study in which the order of administration of pergolide or 1-dopa was randomly assigned. Cognitive assessment was performed after the wash-out phase and repeated after eight weeks (before patients were switched to the other drug) and at the end of the study. There were no significant differences in test scores among the three experimental modalities (off-treatment vs. l-dopa, off-treatment vs. pergolide, pergolide vs. l-dopa).In another cohort of comparably mild PD patients we had previously demonstrated that pramipexole, a mixed D2/D3 agonist, slightly but significantly worsened verbal fluency in comparison to l-dopa; moreover, pramipexole impaired short term verbal memory and attentional-executive functions in comparison to both l-dopa and the off-treatment condition. Taken together, these findings suggest that dopamine agonists may influence cognition in PD according to their pharmacological characteristics. Unlike the D2/D3 agonist pramipexole, pergolide and l-dopa, both of which stimulate D1- and D2-receptor subtypes, do not appear to impair cognitive function. 相似文献
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Kuan-yi Li Kristen Pickett Igor Nestrasil Paul Tuite Jürgen Konczak 《Journal of neurology》2010,257(12):1992-1998
Increasing evidence indicates that processing of proprioceptive information is altered in Parkinson’s disease (PD), leading
to reduced kinaesthetic and haptic sensitivity. However, there is inconclusive evidence whether dopamine replacement therapy
(DRT) ameliorates or worsens kinaesthetic and haptic function in PD. For assessing perceptual function, we employed a task
that did not require active motion or stressed working memory function, which may become impaired in PD. A group of mild to
moderate stage PD patients (n = 9) and a group of age-matched healthy controls participated in this study. Without vision, a subject’s hand was moved by
a robotic manipulandum along the contours of a small “virtual box” (5 × 15 cm). At the end of each trial, they indicated whether
the contour was “curved” or “straight”. PD patients were tested ON and OFF antiparkinsonian medication. Psychophysical detection
thresholds were determined (curvature at which subjects correctly perceived a curved contour at the 75% level). Compared to
the control group, thresholds were elevated by 55% in the PD patient group. During the ON medication state, the mean detection
threshold of the patient group was reduced by 15% (ON: 4.71 m−1; OFF: 5.42 m−1). Increases in curvature sensitivity were highly correlated with improved clinical scores of motor function (r = 0.74) with more affected patients showing higher gains in sensitivity as the result of DRT (r = 0.80). This report documents that DRT can ameliorate haptic and kinaesthetic function in patients with mild to moderate
PD, suggesting that DRT can have beneficial effects on perceptual function. 相似文献
8.
The neuroprotective effect of dental pulp cells in models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Apel C Forlenza OV de Paula VJ Talib LL Denecke B Eduardo CP Gattaz WF 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》2009,116(1):71-78
Aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of dental pulp cells (DPCs) in in vitro models of Alzheimer
and Parkinson disease. Primary cultures of hippocampal and ventral mesencephalic neurons were treated for 24 h with amyloid
beta (Aβ1–42) peptide 1–42 and 6-OHDA, respectively. DPCs isolated from adult rat incisors were previously cultured in tissue culture
inserts and added to the neuron cultures 2 days prior to neurotoxin treatment. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay.
The co-culture with DPCs significantly attenuated 6-OHDA and Aβ1–42-induced toxicity in primary cultures of mesencephalic and hippocampal neurons, and lead to an increase in neuronal viability
in untreated cultures, suggesting a neurotrophic effect in both models. Furthermore, human dental pulp cells expressed a neuronal
phenotype and produced the neurotrophic factors NGF, GDNF, BDNF, and BMP2 shown by microarray screening and antibody staining
for the representative proteins. DPCs protected primary neurons in in vitro models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease
and can be viewed as possible candidates for studies on cell-based therapy.
C. Apel and O. V. Forlenza: both authors contributed equally to the work. 相似文献
9.
Zahra Hadadianpour Farangis Fatehi Fateme Ayoobi Ayat Kaeidi Ali Shamsizadeh 《Neurological research》2017,39(9):845-851
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of orexin-A (OX-A) and the orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 (SB) on motor and cognitive functions in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: Parkinson was induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection of 6- hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) (200 μg/rat). 72 h later, the treatment was initiated by i.c.v administration of SB (30 nmol/rat) and/or OX-A (0.3 nmol/rat) for 10 days. Motor functions were monitored using rotarod and hanging tests. Cognitive function was assessed by passive avoidance test (Shuttle box). Results: OX-A administration in 6-OHDA treated rats remarkably increased the time which animals run on rod (in rotarod test) and also the latency to fall (in hanging test) (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conversely, administration of SB in 6-OHDA-treated rats decreased the mentioned indices (P < 0.05 for latency to fall). Administration of agonist and/or antagonist of orexin-1 receptors had no significant effect on 6-OHDA induced cognitive impairment in rats. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that the orexinergic system might be involved in sensory-motor deficits of Parkinson’s disease. 相似文献
10.
《Clinical neurophysiology》2021,132(10):2729-2738
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects on the blink reflex (BR) of single stimuli applied to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg).MethodsThe BR was evoked by stimulating the supraorbital nerve (SON) in fifteen patients suffering from idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) who had electrodes monolaterally or bilaterally implanted in the PPTg for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Single stimuli were delivered to the PPTg through externalized electrode connection wires 3–4 days following PPTg implantation.ResultsPPTg stimuli increased the latency and reduced duration, amplitude and area of the R2 component of the BR in comparison to the response recorded in the absence of PPTg stimulation. These effects were independent of the side of SON stimulation and were stable for interstimulus interval (ISI) between PPTg prepulse and SON stimulus from 0 to 110 ms. The PPTg-induced prepulse inhibition of the BR was bilaterally present in the brainstem. The R1 component was unaffected.ConclusionsThe prepulse inhibition of the R2 component may be modulated by the PPTg.SignificanceThese findings suggest that abnormalities of BR occurring in PD may be ascribed to a reduction of basal ganglia-mediated inhibition of brainstem excitability. 相似文献
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Kang Sung Hoon Chung Su Jin Lee Jungyeun Koh Seong-Beom 《Clinical autonomic research》2022,32(1):43-50
Clinical Autonomic Research - Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is an associative or causative factor of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the association between mild... 相似文献
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Silvia Marino Pietro Lanzafame Edoardo Sessa Alessia Bramanti Placido Bramanti 《Neurological sciences》2010,31(3):381-385
The objective of this study is to evaluate pursuit ocular movements (POM) by using a vision-based non-intrusive eye tracker,
in patients with suspected Parkinson’s disease (PD), before and after l-Dopa administration. We studied ten patients with suspected diagnosis of idiopathic PD. We compared POM values to those of
a group of normal controls (NC), and evaluated them before and after l-Dopa administration. Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor subscores improved significantly (p = 0.001). At baseline, values of POM were lower in suspected PD patients than in NC (p = 0.01). One hour after l-Dopa administration, POM values correlated with UPDRS motor subscore (p = 0.01). We used a recent method, a new vision-based non-intrusive eye tracker, previously described, which can be proposed
as a possible tool for supporting the diagnosis of PD in association with levodopa test, as an add-on to the UPDRS score. 相似文献
13.
Joanna G. Becker Gregory M. Pastores Alessandro Di Rocco Marissa Ferraris Jerome J. Graber Swati Sathe 《Parkinsonism & related disorders》2013,19(1):129-131
BackgroundGaucher disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by glucocerebrosidase gene mutations. Accumulating evidence from several Parkinson’s disease cohorts of varying ethnicities suggests that glucocerebrosidase mutations even in the heterozygous state (carriers) may be a susceptibility factor for Parkinson’s. Very few studies have analyzed the frequency of Parkinson’s in carriers and individuals with Gaucher disease.ObjectiveTo determine frequency of Parkinson’s in patients with Gaucher disease and obligate carriers of glucocerebrosidase mutations and compare it with a control group.MethodsA questionnaire was completed by 100 Ashkenazi Jewish Gaucher patients followed at our center and 109 ethnicity-matched controls with no personal or family history of Gaucher disease.ResultsFrequency of Parkinson’s was higher in Gaucher patients (8/100) than in controls (0/109; P = 0.0024). Frequency of Parkinson’s in obligate carriers (11/200) was higher than controls (6/218), but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.215). Average age of onset of Parkinson’s was earlier in Gaucher patients (57.2) than the general population and in obligate carriers (60) when compared with controls (76.8; P = 0.01). The L444P genotype was more frequent in Gaucher patients who reported a parent with Parkinson’s (36.40%) than those who did not (4.50%).ConclusionOur study suggests that the risk for developing Parkinson’s may be higher in affected versus carriers of glucocerebrosidase mutations and suggests that L444P may pose a higher risk of developing Parkinson’s than other mutations. It also confirms previous findings that the age of onset of Parkinson’s associated with glucocerebrosidase mutations is earlier than in the general population. 相似文献
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Richard IH 《Current neurology and neuroscience reports》2007,7(4):295-301
This article provides an update on depression and apathy in Parkinson’s disease (PD), both of which are common but often misunderstood.
The diagnosis of depression in PD can be challenging and we still do not have solid evidence on which to base our treatment
decisions. Apathy is most commonly seen in the setting of dementia or depression but emerging evidence suggests that it may
be a core feature of PD. There are conflicting reports about the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on mood and apathy,
but studies suggest that at least some patients may develop depression and apathy after the procedure. Although we are making
strides toward a better understanding of depression and apathy in PD, it is clear that more research is needed about these
non-motor features. 相似文献
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Dafsari Haidar S. Ray-Chaudhuri K. Ashkan Keyoumars Sachse Lena Mahlstedt Picabo Silverdale Monty Rizos Alexandra Strack Marian Jost Stefanie T. Reker Paul Samuel Michael Visser-Vandewalle Veerle Evans Julian Antonini Angelo Martinez-Martin Pablo Timmermann Lars 《Journal of neurology》2020,267(6):1830-1841
Journal of Neurology - Subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) improves quality of life (QoL), motor, and sleep symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the long-term... 相似文献
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Impact of drooling in Parkinson’s disease 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Drooling is a well known problem in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to investigate the severity and consequences of drooling in PD. A comprehensive drooling questionnaire was sent to 105 PD outpatients, who had volunteered drooling during a previous questionnaire (n = 216). Among 63 patients who responded and confirmed drooling, 27% experienced severe saliva loss. Social and emotional consequences were reported by 17% to 77% of patients, and significantly more often by those with severe drooling. We conclude that drooling is a frequent, disabling and apparently undertreated symptom of PD. History taking ought to be detailed and specific to understand the full impact of drooling for an individual patient. Therapeutic options should be evaluated more intensively. 相似文献
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Möller JC Körner Y Dodel RC Meindorfner C Stiasny-Kolster K Spottke A Krüger HP Oertel WH 《Journal of neurology》2005,252(8):926-935
Treatment standards
or guidelines have been developed
for most features of Parkinson’s
disease (PD). However, data on the
actual treatment that is put into
practice are scarce. In 2000, a nationwide
survey on the topic of
sudden onset of sleep (SOS) in PD
was initiated among the members
of the German patient support
group (deutsche Parkinson–Vereinigung,
dPV). A part of this
mailed questionnaire survey covering
the antiparkinsonian and concomitant
medication of the participants
is presented here. This study
analyses data sets from more than
6,500 PD patients. The mean
dopaminergic dose was equivalent
to 599 ± 387 mg levodopa/die. The
most frequently administered
drugs were levodopa (94.2 %),
dopamine agonists (DA) (71.7 %),
amantadine (40.1 %), selegiline
(27.6 %), entacapone (20.4 %),
budipine (12.3 %), and anticholinergics
(11.8 %). Costs of pharmacotherapy
were estimated to be
approximately € 399 million/year
in Germany. PD drug therapy in
general strongly depended on age,
disease duration, and the level of
care. The treatment guidelines were
apparently not consistently followed
underlining the need for
their continuous propagation
throughout the medical community.
In addition our data suggest
that non–motor symptoms in PD
are not adequately treated and that
concomitant sedative medication
contributes to the occurrence of
SOS. 相似文献
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Vincent Martel Sauvageau Johanna-Pascale Roy Mélanie Langlois Joël Macoir 《Clinical linguistics & phonetics》2015,29(6):424-440
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT®) on vowel articulation and consonant–vowel (C–V) coarticulation in dysarthric speakers with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Nine Quebec French speakers diagnosed with idiopathic PD underwent the LSVT®. Speech characteristics were compared before and after treatment. Vowel articulation was measured using acoustic vowel space and calculated with the first (F1) and second formant (F2) of the vowels /i/, /u/ and /a/. C–V coarticulation was measured using locus equations, an acoustic metric based on the F2 transitions within vowels in relation to the preceding consonant. The relationship between these variables, speech loudness and vowel duration was also analysed. Results showed that vowel contrast increased in F1/F2 acoustic space after administration of the LSVT®. This improvement was associated with the gain in speech loudness and longer vowel duration. C–V coarticulation patterns between consonant contexts showed greater distinctiveness after the treatment. This improvement was associated with the gain in speech loudness only. These results support the conclusions of previous studies investigating the relationship between the LSVT®, speech loudness and articulation in PD. These results expand clinical understanding of the treatment and indicate that loud speech changes C–V coarticulation patterns. Clinical applications and theoretical considerations are discussed. 相似文献