卫生信息技术在美国医疗质量监管中的应用

卫生信息技术的应用可以促进医疗卫生服务系统的效率和效益,不断改进医疗质量和病人安全。卫生信息技术通过降低监管过程的信息成本,有利于增强医疗质量监管的力度。卫生信息技术还可以改变医疗质量监管的效益,促进有利于信息收集、分析和利用的医疗质量监管方式。美联邦政府通过立法促进卫生信息技术在医疗质量监管中的应用。认证机构、行业组织、保险计划、公共部门、医疗集团等都在积极利用卫生信息技术加强医疗质量监管。     

NEW DEFINITIONS: REPORT OF THE 1972–1973 JOINT COMMITTEE ON HEALTH EDUCATION TERMINOLOGY*

Prepared by representatives? of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP); American Association of Health, Physical Education and Recreation (AAHPER); American College Health Association (ACHA); American School Health Association (ASHA); Public Health Education Section, American Public Health Association (PHE, APHA); School Health Section, American Public Health Association (SHS, APHA); and Society for Public Health Education, Inc. (SOPHE).     

Review Article: Normal science? Texts for teaching the sociology of health and illness

Ellen Annandale, The Sociology of Health and Medicine
Rob Baggott, Health and Health Care in Britain
David Field and Steve Taylor (eds), Sociological Perspectives on Health,Illness and Health Care
John Germov (ed), Second Opinion: an Introduction to Health Sociology
Ron Iphofen and Fiona Poland, Sociology in Practice for Health CareProfessionals
Lesley Mackay, Keith Soothill and Kath Melia (eds), Classic Texts inHealth Care
Alan Petersen and Charles Waddell (eds), Health Matters: a Sociology ofIllness, Prevention and Care     

初级卫生保健是构建和谐社会的卫生公平底线

中国曾经是国际初级卫生保健的典范,各国都把“人人享有初级卫生保健”作为人人享有健康权的底线,实现卫生公平是政府的公共职能,农村是初级卫生保健的重点,社区卫生服务是初级卫生保健的载体。     

健康中国背景下大健康产业共建共享的社会协同

健康中国战略的实施为健康产业发展带来了极大的机遇,但是,要抓住这个机遇,必须要进行发展方式的转变,从治病为中心转变到以健康为中心。以健康为中心的健康事业的发展,需要统筹个人、行业、社会三个层面进行共建共享的社会协同,健康产业在与个人和社会相融中形成大健康产业。大健康产业在开展共建共享的社会协同上,首先是发动个人的自我健康行动,然后是以自我健康行动为主轴形成社会协同。大健康产业联动个人和社会,共同努力增进全民健康。     

A new approach to public health. Strategies for its implementation]

Public Health System accepts "New Public Health" only in a theoretical way, since in the practice essential modifications to get "Health For All-2000" aims are not implemented. It is necessary to look "bridge-heads" that permit to introduce changes gradually to reorganize Health Services. In the present article, different alternatives are analyzed, all of them giving priority to the programmes that consider Health as a natural resource. These programmes can be "Governmental Programmes" so Health policies coming from the Health Department can be assumed by the others Public Administration Departments.     

Book reviews

Book Reviews in this Article
Review article: Women managing
Hardship and Health in Women's Lives
Shattering the Glass Ceiling: The Woman Manager
Women, Management and Care
Reminiscence Reviewed: Evaluations, Achievements, Perspectives
Controlling Health Professionals
The Practice of Health Services Research
Sociology of Health and Health Care: An Introduction for Nurses
Caring in Crisis: A Handbook of Intervention Skills     

灰色系统在卫生人力供给趋势预测中的应用

卫生人力供给预测是基于现有卫生人力数,毕业的医学生数,和由其他省调入我省的卫生人力数。卫生人力包括医师(士)。通过随机分层抽样调查,我们调查了五县三市13所医院的5637名卫生人力,包括2128名医师和3509名医士,得到不同年龄组各自的减损率,应用灰色系统对1986～2000年时的毕业生人数和由外省流入我省的卫生人力数进行了预测。根据以上数据,应用数学方法对目标年度的卫生人力数进行了预测,结果表明在1990,1995,2000年时出现卫生人力供给不足。     

Book & Films

Dignan MB, Carr PA: Introduction to Program Planning: A Basic Text for Community Health Education.
Brown AJ: Community Health, An Introduction for the Health Professional.
Robert M. Dill and Charles E. Sherman, Health Fair Handbook , Victoria, B.C.
Clark N: The Athlete's Kitchen: A Nutrition Guide and Cookbook.
Cornier P, Levy J: Community Oral Health: A Systems Approach for the Dental Health Profession.
Saxon DF, ed: Mosby's Comprehensive Review of Nursing.     

REVIEWS OF BOOKS AND REPORTS

Book reviewed in this article:
Teaching Health In Elementary Schools . Maryhelen Vannier, Southern Methodist University
Health Teaching In Schools . Ruth E. Grout, M.P.H., Ph.D., University of Minnesota
Personal and Community Health . Claire E. Turner, Dr. P.H., Chief Health Education, World Health Organization     

Research of Interest

Zajonc, Robert B., "Social Facilitation," Science
Cunningham, A. I., "A Secondary School Immunication Program Using Hypospray," Canadian Journal of Public Health
Moore, Thomas, "Forty Years of Nutrition Research," Royal Society of Health Journal
New York Academy of Medicine, "Health Education: Its Present Status, Report by the Committee on Public Health," Prepublication Copy of an Article to be Published in the Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 1965
Chalke, Herbert D., "An approach to Anti-smoking Activities in Schools," International Journal of Health Education
Patricia L. Kendall,* "The Relationship Between Medical Educators and Medical Practitioners," Journal of Health and Human Behavior
California Interagency Council on Cigarette Smoking and Health, "First Issue of the CIC Newsletter, "Smoking and Health Bulletin
Rogers, K. D. and Grace Reese, "Health Studies—Presumably Normal High School Students, III Health Room Visits," American Journal of Diseases of Children     

Perspectives on Health of School-age Children: Expectations for the Future

The following special report was developed by the staff of the Division of Maternal and Child Health, Bureau of Health Care Delivery and Assistance, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services as background material for a conference on "Health of School-age Children" conducted in March 1982 by the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, School of Nursing in conjunction with the Division of Maternal and Child Health. The American School Health Association believes there is an urgent need to communicate the issues and concerns expressed in the special report to those members who have responsibility in the field for providing leadership in the planning and implementation of programs for school-age children and youth. The Journal of School Health is pleased to have the opportunity to present this special report to its readership.     

REVIEWS OF BOOKS AND REPORTS

Book reviewed in this article: Mental Health o Children. The Child Program of the National Institute of Mental Health. Public Health Service Publication No. 1396, December 1965. 65 pp. Health In Elementary Schools. 2nd edition. Leslie W. Irwin, Harold J. Cornacchia, and Wesley M. Staton. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Co., 1966. 462 pp. $7.50. Health In Elementary Schools, in addition to the two new chapters, contains sections on the Teacher's Role in School Health, Safety Education, Health Guidance, Health Appraisals, How To Plan and Organize Health Teaching, Methods in Health Teaching and other chapters which also appeared in the first edition. Planning for Health Education in Schools. C. E. Turner. The UNESCO Publications Center, 319 East 34th Street, New York, N. Y. 10016, 1966. 157 pp. What's Your Caloric Number? Justus J. Schifferes, Ph.D. MacMillan Co., 1966. 184 Pages. $4.95.     

我国卫生技术现存问题分析

利用卫生统计年鉴数据,通过比较分析我国卫生技术的现状,找出我国卫生技术评估存在的问题。建立权威性的卫生技术评估机构,发挥药物经济性评估在卫生技术中的意义,从而合理配置卫生技术资源,解决当前问题,有利于更好的开展卫生技术的改革与发展。     

Shortchanged? An assessment of chronic disease programming in major US city health departments

A self-administered survey was distributed to members of The Big Cities Health Coalition, a group of Health Officers/Commissioners from 17 of the largest US metropolitan health departments. The survey asked participants about their chronic disease priorities, data sources, budgets, and funding sources as well as examples of successful chronic disease interventions. Members of the Coalition discussed the survey results in a scheduled conference call. Chronic diseases account for 70% of all deaths nationwide on average, yet the health departments surveyed allocated an average of 1.85% of their budgets to chronic disease. Average chronic disease spending per inhabitant was $2.33, with a median of $1.56. Among the group’s top chronic disease priorities were asthma, diabetes, tobacco, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nearly half of the group’s chronic disease spending was on tobacco. Chronic disease funding sources varied across localities, but direct federal funding was minimal. In 14 cities serving a combined 37 million people (13% of the US population), direct federal chronic disease funding totaled $8.7 million, an average of $0.24 per capita. The group described successful chronic disease interventions, particularly related to tobacco and asthma. The Big Cities Health Coalition members: John M. Auerbach, MBA (Boston Public Health Commission); Peter Beilenson, MD, MPH (Baltimore City Health Department); Matthew Carroll, AB, JD (Cleveland Department of Public Health); Mary DesVignes-Kendrick, MD, MPH (Houston Department of Health and Human Services); John F. Domzalski, JD, MPH (Philadelphia Department of Public Health); Franklin Judson, MD (Denver Public Health Department); Mitchell H. Katz, MD (San Francisco Department of Public Health); Alonzo Plough, PhD, MA, MPH (Seattle/King County Public Health); Eleni Sfakianaki, MD, MSPH (Miami-Dade County Health Department); Adewale Troutman, MD, MPH (Fulton County Department of Health and Wellness); Jonathan B. Weisbuch, MD, MPH (Maricopa County Department of Public Health); Judith West, MPH (Detroit Department of Health); John L., Wilhelm, MD, MPH (Chicago Department of Public Health); Steve Wilson, MD, MPH (Dallas County Department of Health and Human Services).     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Denise Russell, Women, Madness and Medicine.
L. Doyal, What Makes Women Sick: Gender and the Political Economy of Health.
D. Lupton, The Imperative of Health Public Health and the Regulated Body.
I. Simnet, Managing Health Promotion: Developing Healthy Organisations and Communities.
R. Bunton, S. Nettleton, and R. Burrows (eds) The Sociology of Health Promotion: Critical Analyses of Consumption, Lifestyle and Risk.
R.G, Brook, Health Status Measurement: A Perspective on Change.     

Development and implementation of a public health workforce training needs assessment survey in North Carolina

Assessing the training needs of local public health workers is an important step toward providing appropriate training programs in emergency preparedness and core public health competencies. The North Carolina Public Health Workforce Training Needs Assessment survey was implemented through the collaboration of several organizations, including the North Carolina Center for Public Health Preparedness at the North Carolina Institute for Public Health, the outreach and service unit of the University of North Carolina School of Public Health, the Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response in the North Carolina Division of Public Health Epidemiology Section, and local health departments across the state.     

Book Reviews

KONGSTVEDT, PETER R., (Editor). The Managed Health Care Handbook.
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE. Homelessness, Health, and Human Needs.
Rural Health Abstracts and Citations, 1980-1987, Part I: Rural Hospitals and Part II: Indian Health Care.     

Book Reviews

Book reviews in this article
The Demography of Health and Health Care
The Health of Women: A Global Perspective
Persistent Poverty in Rural America