吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术在腹腔镜胆囊手术中的应用

目的探讨吲哚菁绿(indocyanine green,ICG)荧光显影技术在腹腔镜胆囊手术中的临床应用价值。方法前瞻性选取术前诊断为胆囊结石合并急性胆囊炎、慢性萎缩性胆囊炎或残余胆囊的56例病人,其中48例于气腹建立后经外周静脉注射ICG,按剂量不同分为0.5 mg组、1 mg组、5 mg组和10 mg组四组(每组各12例);另外8例于术中根据目标胆道容积经胆道注射浓度为0.025 mg/ml ICG,观察术中目标胆管荧光显影的时间、荧光强度及对手术的指导作用。结果 48例经外周静脉注射ICG的病人,均成功实施腹腔镜胆囊切除术,除0.5 mg组2例病人显影失败外,余均显影成功。0.5 mg组、1 mg组、5 mg组、10 mg组显影时间分别为(53.60±13.73)min、(42.83±7.80)min、(24.92±6.95)min、(23.17±8.11)min。显影时间显示:0.5 mg组长于1 mg组(P=0.01),1 mg组长于5 mg组(P<0.001),差异均具有统计学意义;5 mg组与10 mg组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.647)。0.5 mg组、1mg组...     

吲哚菁绿荧光染色技术在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的价值分析

目的分析吲哚菁绿(indocyanine green,ICG)荧光染色技术在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)中的应用价值。方法采用回顾性分析方法,收集2019年1月至2019年6月于徐州医科大学徐州临床学院(徐州市中心医院)肝胆外科行ICG引导下LC的42例病人及同期行普通LC的112例病人的病例资料,根据病史、手术方式及术中所见情况进行分组,包括普通的LC(A组,83例),普通的ICG-LC(B组,28例),困难类型的LC(C组,29例),困难类型的ICG-LC(D组,14例),收集病例的相关临床资料进行统计分析。结果 154例均成功完成手术,A组与B组之间在手术用时、术中出血量、实验室指标以及拔管时间、住院时间、并发症的发生率上差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);C组与D组之间在实验室指标以及拔管时间、住院时间、并发症的发生率上差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),在手术用时、术中出血量方面D组比C组用时更短、出血量更少,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在普通类型的胆囊手术中,ICG荧光染色LC较常规LC...     

吲哚菁绿分子荧光成像技术在腹腔镜肝切除中的应用

目的探讨吲哚菁绿(indocyanine green,ICG)分子荧光成像技术引导腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝细胞癌的安全性和有效性,以及对远期预后的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年8月至2019年9月期间229例接受单纯腹腔镜肝切除的肝细胞癌病人及69例接受ICG引导下腹腔镜肝切除的肝细胞癌病人的临床资料。采用倾向性评分匹配方法,比较两组病人的手术情况和术后并发症,采用Log-Rank检验分析两组病人的无病生存期和总生存期。结果 298例腹腔镜肝癌切除病人中,单纯腹腔镜肝切除组229例,ICG荧光引导腹腔镜肝切除术组69例,1∶1匹配后两组均有65例病人纳入分析。配对前、后,ICG荧光引导腹腔镜肝切除术组手术时间均短于单纯腹腔镜肝切除组(均P<0.05);术中出血量、术中输血量、术后并发症、无病生存期和总生存期两组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 ICG分子荧光成像技术可作为腹腔镜肝切除中有效的实时导航手段,可明显缩短手术时间,且并未增加术后并发症,同时可获得与单纯腹腔镜肝切除相当的远期预后。     

吲哚菁绿荧光导航在复杂腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用

目的:探讨吲哚菁绿荧光导航在复杂腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析2018年7月—2020年8月在鄂东医疗集团黄石市中心医院肝胆胰腺外科收治的96例复杂胆囊结石伴胆囊炎患者行LC的临床资料,按照术前是否静脉注射吲哚菁绿荧光导航分为实验组( n＝44)和对照组( n＝52),实...     

吲哚菁绿荧光导航在日间腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的临床应用价值

背景与目的：近年来,日间腹腔镜胆囊切除术（DSLC）的开展逐渐增多。由于患者的入院、手术和出院通常在24 h内完成,DSLC对手术安全性和效率有更高的要求。此外,一些超重肥胖患者的内脏脂肪组织过多可能会影响DSLC术中肝外胆道的解剖;吲哚菁绿（ICG）荧光导航可能帮助DSLC术中对胆道结构的识别,进而避免胆道损伤的发生。目前,ICG荧光导航在DSLC术中的应用鲜有报道。因而,本研究探讨ICG荧光导航在DSLC术中的临床应用价值。方法：回顾性分析2021年7月—2023年10月55例在浙江省人民医院接受DSLC的患者的临床资料,根据术中是否应用ICG荧光导航分为荧光手术组（22例）和普通手术组（33例）,比较两组患者的一般资料、手术时间、解剖胆囊三角时间、预估出血量以及肝外胆道识别率,并分析超重肥胖（BMI≥24 kg/m2）对肝外胆道识别的影响。结果：荧光手术组与普通手术组的一般资料、超重肥胖患者占比、手术时间、解剖胆囊三角时间和预估手术出血量差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;在解剖胆囊三角前,荧光手术组胆囊管识别率、肝总管识别率均明显高于普通手术组（59.1%vs. 21....     

ERCP,cholangiography, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Summary With the increased use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the roles of preoperative ERCP and intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) may be changing. SAGES members were surveyed to define opinions regarding use of ERCP and cholangiography during LC. Thirty-seven percent of the surveys were returned. Most respondents (83%) performed LC, reporting data on 19,747 LCs. Conversion to open cholecystectomy was required in 4% of cases. Complications were reported in 1.7% patients. IOC was attempted in 51.2% cases and was successful in 73%. Routine IOC was only recommended by approximately 50% of respondents. However, 80% recommended IOC for patients with multiple small gallstones and a dilated cystic duct. If preoperative liver function tests (LFTs) were mildly elevated (1.5×normal), only 56% of respondents recommended preoperative ERCP. However, 73% of respondents suggested preoperative ERCP for more severe LFT abnormalities. If preoperative ERCP demonstrated choledocholithiasis, most (85%) recommended endoscopic clearance of stones followed by LC. These opinions will be helpful in establishing practice standards for LC.Presented at The Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons Scientific Meeting, Washington, D.C., April 1992     

吲哚菁绿荧光显像技术在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用初探

目的 评价吲哚菁绿（indocyanine green,ICG）荧光显像技术在腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）中对肝外胆管显像的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2019 年1 月至2019 年5 月乐山市人民医院收治的30 例在ICG荧光显像技术导航下完成LC的患者临床资料。术前外周静脉注射ICG,术中 利用近红外光三维显像胆总管及胆囊管结构。结果 行LC的30 例患者中有27 例（90%）术中胆囊管及胆总管均经ICG显像成功;2 例胆囊管未显像,胆总管显像;1 例胆囊管与胆总管均未显像。平均手术时间为35（27～65）min,术中平均出血量为3（0～10）mL,术后平均住院时间为3（2～5）d。术后患者恢复顺利,1 例脐部伤口红肿,其余患者术后随访1～5 个月无并发症发生。结论 LC术中利用ICG荧光显像技术可以实现术中对胆总管及胆囊管的早期定位显像,有助于术中实现对肝外胆管系统的可视化,避免术中因对肝外胆管显示不清引发的医源性肝外胆管损伤,保障手术安全,具有良好的应用前景。     

吲哚菁绿荧光导航在治疗I型Mirizzi综合征腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的运用

背景与目的 Mirizzi综合征（MS）是胆囊炎和慢性胆石症的罕见并发症。随着微创技术的发展,越来越多的I型MS采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）进行治疗,而术中胆道损伤仍是最严重的并发症,能否在术中准确辨别胆管是减少胆道损伤的关键。吲哚菁绿（ICG）荧光导航目前越来越广泛应用于肝胆外科腹腔镜手术的临床运用,该技术可以很好地显示肝脏门静脉流域,在肝脏解剖性切除中发挥重要作用。ICG在代谢过程中通过肝细胞摄取进入胆汁通过胆道排入十二指肠,能对整个胆道系统解剖结构进行导航示踪。因此,本研究旨在探讨ICG在LC治疗I型MS中胆道识别导航作用效果。方法 回顾性分析昆明医科大学第二附属医院2019年10月—2022年1月收治的67例行LC的I型MS患者临床资料。其中35例行ICG荧光导航下LC（荧光导航组）,32例行常规LC（常规手术组）。比较两组患者的相关临床指标。结果 两组术前一般资料及实验室指标差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。与常规手术组比较,荧光导航组平均手术时间（74.66 min vs. 93.03 min）、平均术中出血量（20.43 mL vs. 57.34 mL）、中转开腹率（0 vs. 12.5%）均明显降低（均P<0.05）;平均术后第1天引流量（25.43 mL vs. 36.63 mL）、平均拔管时间（1.29 d vs. 1.91 d）、平均术后住院时间（2.8 d vs. 3.66 d）、平均总住院费用（11 349.43元 vs. 12 907.41元）均明显减少（均P<0.05）。术后荧光导航组发生腹部切口感染2例,常规手术组发生胆管损伤2例,胆汁漏2例,腹部切口感染4例,荧光导航组术后总并发症发生率明显低于常规手术组（5.7% vs. 25.0%,P=0.039）。结论 ICG荧光导航可实时显示胆道系统、减少术中出血、缩短手术时间、降低中转开腹、减少并发症发生率、预防胆道损伤。     

腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除术对比分析

我院于1994年8月～1996年6月完成腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)70例,为了客观地评价LC的优越性及不足之处,本文随机将1993年7月～     

Radiation exposure during laparoscopic cholecystectomy with routine intraoperative cholangiography

Background  For many years, intraoperative cholangiography during cholecystectomy to aid definition of the biliary anatomy and to detect choledocholithiasis has been advocated. Although radiation exposure in fluoroscopic procedures is a concern, few available data exist regarding the radiation exposure incurred during intraoperative cholangiography. This study aimed to determine the average radiation exposure sustained during this procedure. Methods  Radiation dose data were recorded between 5 September 2007 and 21 July 2008 for 108 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiography. Dose area product values were used to calculate the entrance skin dose, an indicator of potential skin damage, and the effective dose, an indicator of long-term cancer risk, for each patient. Results  The median age of the 108 patients (67% females) included in the data analysis was 51 years (range, 17–87 years). The mean entrance skin dose during intraoperative cholangiography was 0.0069 ± 0.0066 Gy, and the mean effective dose was 0.18 ± 0.17 mSv. No results exceeded the threshold of 2 Gy for skin damage, and the lifetime risk for the development of new cancer due to intraoperative cholangiography was less than 0.001%. Conclusion  Radiation doses administered during intraoperative cholangiography are safe and do not represent a contraindication to this procedure.     

The importance of intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) using an electrosurgery energy source was successfully performed in 59 (95%) out of 62 selected patients. The procedures were performed by different surgical teams at Trakya University, Medical Fakulty, in the department of General Surgery and the Karl-Franzens-University School of Medicine, in the department of General Surgery. Cholangiography was routine at Karl Franzens University and selective at Trakya University. Laparoscopic intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) was performed in 48 (81.3%) patients, and open IOC was performed in 3 patients. Two patients had common duct stones; one of which was unsuspected preoperatively. These cases underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic papillotomy (EP). One patient had a choledocal tumor, unsuspected preoperatively. Anatomical anomalies were not identified. Cholangiography could not be performed in one case in which there was no suspected pathology. ERCP was performed on one patient 30 days after being discharged because of acute cholangitis. In this case, residual stones were identified in the choledocus. Four patients underwent open cholecystectomy because of tumor, unidentified cystic duct or common bile duct pathology that could not be visualized on the cholangiogram. Our study suggests that cholangiography performed via the cystic duct before any structures are divided can prevent the most serious complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy--common duct injury. We recommend that cholangiography be attempted on all patients undergoing LC.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中胆道造影的应用价值

目的 评价术中胆道造影技术在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用价值。方法 腹腔镜胆囊切除术中经胆囊管插管行胆道造影共1226例,其中1180例造影成功,成功率为95．5％。结果 术中造影共发现胆总管结石78例,胆管损伤7例,副肝管2例。结论 腹腔镜胆囊切除术中胆道造影简单易行,显影清楚,能提高手术质量,降低胆管损伤发生率。     

吲哚菁绿荧光显像技术在复杂腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的临床应用

目的 探讨吲哚菁绿（indocyanine green,ICG）荧光显像技术在复杂腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）中的临床应用。方法 对2019年7月至2020年1月期间遂宁市中心医院肝胆外科收治的31例在ICG荧光显像技术辅助下完成复杂LC的患者临床资料进行回顾性分析。术前ICG皮试阴性,于术前60 min注射ICG,术中利用近红外光三维显像肝外胆管结构。在ICG显像引导下行LC。结果 31例患者均顺利完成LC手术,其中26例患者胆总管和胆囊管ICG显像;5例胆囊管未显像,但胆总管显像。手术时间41（25～89）min,术中出血量7（3～15）mL,术后住院时间3.5（2～6）d。所有患者术后恢复顺利,1例切口感染,1例剑突下伤口红肿,无胆漏等并发症发生,术后随访1～7个月无并发症发生。结论 利用ICG荧光显像技术优势,可以对肝外管道系统进行显像,辅助复杂腹腔镜胆囊切除术的顺利完成,避免医源性肝外胆管损伤,值得临床推广应用。     

Laparoscopic ultrasonography as compared with static or dynamic cholangiography at laparoscopic cholecystectomy

We compared laparoscopic ultrasonography (LICU) with static (S) or dynamic (D) cholangiography (IOC) for assessment of duct anatomy and calculi in 209 patients. LICU visualized ducts in 88% compared with 93% for IOC (P=0.046). Nineteen patients (9%) had stones: 17 were found by LICU (89%) and 10 (53%) by IOC (P=0.032). Time to perform LICU (7±3 min) was less than IOC (13±6 min) (P<0.0001). Time to perform SIOC (12±5 min) and DIOC (14±6 min) did not differ (P=0.48), nor did these tests differ in accuracy. LICU provided useful anatomical information but IOC better defined anatomic anomalies. LICU required less time but was less reliable at defining anatomy and complete duct visualization. LICU was more sensitive for stones. SIOC and DIOC did not differ objectively. LICU and IOC are complementary.     

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic artery-sparing varicocelectomy using indocyanine green fluorescence angiography: Initial experience

We reported our initial experience of robotic-assisted laparoscopic artery-sparing varicocelectomy using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography in treatment of varicocele. A total of 45 varicocelectomies in 27 patients were performed. The mean operation time was 49.1 ± 8.5 min for unilateral and 65.6 ± 8.3 min for bilateral repair. 47.2 s after ICG injection, testicular artery (TA) was visualised. After an interval of 31.3 s, fluorescent veins were identified. Of all the 45 spermatic cords, 68.9% had a solitary artery, while 31.1% had 2 arteries. The mean hospital stay was 1.6 ± 0.9 days. Semen concentration and motility were significantly improved 6 months after surgery, no recurrence, hydrocele or testicular atrophy was observed. Our study demonstrated that robotic-assisted laparoscopic artery-sparing varicocelectomy using ICG fluorescence angiography is a safe, effective and promising technique in treatment of varicocele.     

Critical view of safety during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Background and Objectives:

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has a 0.3% to 0.5% morbidity rate due to major biliary injuries. The majority of surgeons have routinely performed the so-called “infundibular” technique for gallbladder hilar dissection since the introduction of laparoscopy in the early nineties. The “critical view of safety” approach has only been recently discussed in controlled studies. It is characterized by a blunt dissection of the upper part of Calot''s space, which does not usually contain arterial or biliary anomalies and is therefore ideal for a safe dissection, even in less experienced hands.

Materials and Methods:

We applied and compared the critical view of safety triangle approach with the infundibular approach in a retrospective cohort study. We divided 174 patients into 2 groups, with a similar case-mix (cholelithiasis, chronic cholecystitis, and acute cholecystitis). Results of operations performed by a young surgeon using critical view of safety dissection were compared to results of the infundibular approach performed by an experienced surgeon. Outcome values and operative times were examined with univariate analysis (Student t test).

Results:

No difference occurred in terms of morbidity (even though comparison for biliary injuries is inconclusive because of insufficient power) and outcome; significant differences were found in operative time, favoring the critical view of safety approach in every stage of gallbladder disease, with minor significance for acute cases.

Conclusion:

We suggest this technique as the gold standard for resident teaching, because it has a similar rate of biliary and hemorrhagic complications but has a shorter operative time, builds self-confidence, and is a simple standardized method both for complicated and uncomplicated gallbladder lithiasis.     

术中经鼻胆管胆道造影在两镜联合治疗胆囊合并胆总管结石中的应用

目的探讨内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌切开术（endoscopic sphineterotomy，EST）联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy，LC）治疗胆囊合并胆总管结石术中经鼻胆引流管（endoscopic nasobiliary drainage，ENBD）胆道造影的价值。方法EST处理胆总管结石并放置ENBD管，在LC术中经ENBD管行胆道造影。结果46例术中经ENBD胆道造影均成功，造影时间5—15min，平均8．2min。术中经ENBD管胆道造影发现胆囊脱落至胆总管形成胆总管继发结石4例，其中2例术中再次内镜取出结石，2例结石直径〈3mm术中未处理，术后随访未见胆管结石及胆管炎发生。43例随访6—36个月，平均22个月，未发现胆总管再发结石及胆道逆行感染。结论两镜联合治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石，术中经ENBD胆道造影可及时发现并通过术中内镜及时处理继发性胆总管结石，减少术后胆管残余结石的发生。     

布比卡因阻滞对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后超前镇痛的比较研究

目的探讨躯体-内脏神经阻滞对腹腔镜胆囊切除术后超前镇痛效果. 方法病人随机分为4组,每组25例,A组(躯体阻滞组)在切皮前以0.25%布比卡因25 ml(含1∶200 000肾上腺素)进行切口周围浸润;B组(内脏阻滞组)在气腹后立即以0.25%布比卡因35 ml腹腔内喷洒;C组(躯体-内脏联合阻滞组)进行A组和B组综合处理;D组(对照组)不予处理.在术后1、2、3、6、12、24、48 h分别评估疼痛强度、部位和恶心情况. 结果术后12 h内,D组切口痛明显强于其它部位疼痛(P<0.05).A、C组在术后6 h内疼痛强度和镇痛药物需求量比B、D组明显减少(P<0.05). 结论腹腔镜胆囊切除术后疼痛以切口痛为主,术前躯体-内脏神经阻滞处理能明显减轻术后早期切口痛,但对腹内痛、肩部痛的镇痛效果并不比单用躯体阻滞更好.术前布比卡因切口躯体神经阻滞值得推荐.