掌侧正中微创入路与Henry入路锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效比较

目的比较掌侧正中微创入路和常规Henry入路锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效。方法纳入2014-10—2015-08诊治的桡骨远端骨折41例,按随机数字表法将患者分为微创入路组(采用掌侧正中微创入路)与Henry入路组(采用常规Henry入路)。结果 38例获得随访12~16个月,平均14.3个月。2组术后3 d桡骨高度、掌倾角及尺偏角,以及术后1年与术后3 d桡骨高度、掌倾角及尺偏角的差值差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1个月,微创入路组腕关节背伸、掌屈、旋前活动度,DASH评分明显优于Henry入路组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但2组在腕关节旋后活动度、相对健侧握力、VAS评分方面差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后2个月,微创入路组腕关节背伸、旋前活动度,DASH评分及VAS评分明显优于Henry入路组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但2组腕关节掌屈、旋后活动度及相对健侧握力差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术后3、6、12个月腕关节主动活动度、相对健侧握力、DASH评分及VAS评分差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论掌侧正中微创入路与Henry入路锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折均可取得较好的疗效,而掌侧正中微创入路术后患者可早期进行功能锻炼,在一定程度上缩短患者术后康复时间。     

Henry入路保留旋前方肌掌侧锁定加压钢板内固定术治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折效果分析

目的 探讨Henry入路保留旋前方肌掌侧锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定术治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的效果。方法 回顾性分析郑州中心医院骨科于2018-03—2020-09行Henry入路掌侧LCP内固定术的62例桡骨远端骨折患者的临床资料。分为切开旋前方肌组(A组,32例)和不切开旋前方肌组(B组,30例)。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间,以及术后4周、3个月、6个月时的腕关节活动度、前臂旋转范围、握力。术后6个月按照Gartland-Werlery评分标准评价腕关节功能。结果 B组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间均少(短)于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后4周、3个月时,B组患者的腕关节屈伸、旋转活动范围、握力均大于A组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月时2组患者的腕关节屈伸、旋转活动范围、握力,以及腕关节功能优良率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 Henry入路保留旋前方肌掌侧LCP内固定术治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折,可保留旋前方肌的解剖结构和生理功能,减少术中出血量,缩短术后骨折愈合时间,有利于腕关节功能早期恢复。     

桡骨远端骨折掌侧手术治疗方法的回顾性分析

目的分析比较掌侧入路普通"T"型钢板、锁定加压接骨板(LCP)治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效,探讨其合理的内固定方法。方法比较两种固定方法在手术时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症发生率以及腕关节功能的结果。结果T型钢板组手术时间(56.3±5.5)min,骨折愈合时间(3.5±1.0)个月,并发症发生率5.8%;LCP组手术时间(52.5±3.1)min,骨折愈合时间(2.8±1.3)个月,并发症发生率3.5%。普通"T"型钢板腕关节功能优良率94.1%,LCP组腕关节功能优良率96.4%。结论对于桡骨远端骨折,掌侧入路是较理想的方式;锁定加压接骨板(LCP)在治疗桡骨远端骨折中有一定优势。     

桡骨远端骨折锁定接骨板内固定掌侧入路保留旋前方肌与Henry入路疗效比较

目的 比较桡骨远端骨折锁定接骨板内固定中保留旋前方肌的掌侧入路与Henry入路手术的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2017-01-2019-12采用锁定接骨板内固定治疗的128例桡骨远端骨折,68例采用保留旋前方肌的掌侧入路手术(掌侧组),60例采用Henry入路手术(Henry组).比较2组手术时间、骨折显露时间、术中...     

掌侧小切口与Henry入路锁定钢板内固定治疗AO-C型桡骨远端骨折的疗效比较

目的比较掌侧小切口复位与Henry入路切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗AO-C型桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2015-01—2018-01行切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗的36例AO-C型桡骨远端骨折,16例采用掌侧小切口入路(微创入路组),20例采用Henry入路(Henry入路组)。比较2组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、末次随访时腕关节功能Dienst评分。结果 36例均获得随访,随访时间平均16.5(12～38)个月。与Henry入路组比较,微创入路组切口长度更短,术中出血量更少,手术时间与骨折愈合时间缩短,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05);但是2组末次随访时腕关节功能Dienst评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论掌侧小切口与Henry入路复位锁定钢板内固定治疗AO-C型桡骨远端骨折均可取得良好的临床疗效,采用掌侧小切口入路复位固定具有切口小、术中出血少、软组织损伤小、骨折愈合快、并发症少等优点,在一定程度上加快了患者的康复。     

不同掌侧入路在桡骨远端骨折切开复位内固定术中应用的比较

目的比较桡骨远端Henry入路、经桡侧腕屈肌腱入路与直接掌侧入路在桡骨远端骨折切开复位锁定加压接骨板内固定术中应用的效果。方法回顾性分析自2013-07—2016-09采用掌侧入路切开复位锁定加压接骨板内固定治疗的109例桡骨远端骨折,37例采用桡骨远端Henry入路(A组),39例采用桡侧腕屈肌腱入路(B组),33例采用直接掌侧入路(C组)。比较3组骨折显露时间、手术时间、正中神经损伤发生率、桡动静脉及其分支损伤发生率,术后12个月时桡骨高度、尺偏角、掌倾角、腕关节功能Gartland-Werley评分。结果 109例均获得随访,随访时间12～38个月,平均16.2个月。B组骨折显露时间、手术时间较A组和C组短,而A组骨折显露时间、手术时间较C组短,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。3组术后12个月时桡骨高度、尺偏角、掌倾角、腕关节功能Gartland-Werley评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。C组正中神经损伤发生率高于A组和B组,A组桡动静脉及其分支损伤发生率高于B组和C组,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论桡侧腕屈肌腱入路与直接掌侧入路、Henry入路相比,术中无需解剖显露神经血管,故骨折显露时间及手术时间均较短,桡动静脉及其分支损伤发生率、正中神经术后并发症发生率均较低。     

经肱桡肌腱-旋前方肌入路钢板固定治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折

[目的]探讨经肱桡肌腱-旋前方肌复合体入路治疗不稳定桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。[方法] 2015年10月～2016年6月,本科采用经肱桡肌腱-旋前方肌复合体入路锁定接骨板治疗不稳定性桡骨远端骨折患者52例。并通过随访比较患侧、健侧的腕关节活动度以及最终的Gartland-Werley评分来评估临床疗效。[结果] 52例患者均顺利手术,未发生血管、神经和肌腱损伤及前臂骨筋膜室综合征等并发症,切口愈合良好。其中50例患者随访(12.96±1.09)个月。术后12周测量患侧与健侧腕关节活动度,两侧在掌屈、背伸、旋前、旋后、桡偏和尺偏的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。影像检查显示所有的骨折均在8个月达到骨愈合,桡骨远端无畸形,桡骨的高度和宽度无继发改变,内固定物无松动及断裂,下尺桡关节匹配良好。末次随访时按Gartland-Werley腕关节临床评定标准,优37例,良11例,中2例,差0例,优良率为96.00%。[结论]经肱桡肌腱-旋前方肌复合体入路治疗不稳定桡骨远端骨折,腕关节功能可以更早、更好地恢复,临床疗效好。     

桡骨远端C3.1型骨折的手术方式探讨

目的 探讨桡骨远端C3.1型骨折的手术入路及固定方法. 方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2009年8月收治且获得随访的40例桡骨远端C3.1型骨折患者资料,男17例,女23例;年龄47～65岁(平均58.2岁).根据手术入路不同分为掌侧入路组(25例,单纯掌侧入路锁定钢板内固定11例,掌侧入路加背侧辅助切口克氏针、螺钉内固定14例)和背侧入路组(15例,均采用背侧入路锁定钢板内固定),比较两组患者的骨折愈合时间、术后12个月掌倾角、尺偏角及桡骨茎突高度,以及术后6、24个月腕关节活动度.结果 40例患者术后获平均2.3年(2.0～2.5年)随访.两组患者骨折愈合时间[(8.1±2.2)、(8.3±1.7)周]、术后12个月掌倾角(9.3°±2.1°、9.5°±1.7°)、尺偏角(20.0°±2.7°、18.7°±2.5°)、桡骨茎突高度[(8.6±2.9)、(7.9±2.3) mm]比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后6个月背侧入路组腕关节掌屈(58.3°±1.7°)、背伸(55.0°±1.6°)活动度较掌侧入路组(67.5°±2.0°、59.2°±1.9°)差,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组患者旋前、旋后活动度差异无统计学意义(P＞0 05);术后24个月两组患者腕关节活动度差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).背侧入路组1例术后1个月出现骨折复位丢失,3例于术后1年取出内固定物. 结论 与背侧入路锁定钢板内固定相比,掌侧入路锁定钢板内固定(或加背侧辅助切口)治疗桡骨远端C3.1型骨折可以更好地恢复和维持关节面骨折块的复位,术后并发症少,更有利于早期进行功能锻炼.     

掌侧入路保留旋前方肌内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折

目的探讨掌侧入路保留旋前方肌内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效。方法采用掌侧入路保留旋前方肌切开复位内固定治疗47例桡骨远端骨折患者。结果患者均获得随访,时间9～23个月。术后3～6个月骨折均获得愈合。术后3个月时,桡骨远端掌倾角8°～21°,尺偏角19°～28°,桡骨短缩长度0～2 mm;腕关节及前臂活动:腕关节背伸40°～65°,腕关节掌屈45°～70°,前臂旋前55°～90°,前臂旋后55°～85°。末次随访时,腕关节功能按Gartland-Werley评分评定疗效:优29例,良13例,可5例,优良率为89. 4%。结论采用掌侧入路切开复位内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折时,保留旋前方肌符合微创治疗的理念,有利于患者术后早期康复锻炼及功能恢复。     

掌侧锁定加压接骨板治疗老年桡骨远端骨折

目的 评价掌侧入路锁定加压接骨板(LCP)治疗老年骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的疗效.方法 应用LCP掌侧入路治疗52例老年桡骨远端骨折患者.结果 患者均获随访,时间6～24(15 ±9)个月.骨折均愈合,时间4～8(6±2)个月.桡骨远端关节面掌倾角为0°～12°,尺偏角为10° ～28°.桡骨茎突较尺骨茎突长0.70 ～1.20 cm.腕关节功能按Sarmiento评估标准进行评分:优27例,良18例,可7例,优良率达86.5％.结论 掌侧LCP内固定治疗老年骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折固定可靠,退钉率低,可早期恢复腕关节功能,是恢复并维持桡骨远端高度和关节面一种较好选择.     

Préservation du muscle carré pronateur dans les ostéosynthèses des fractures de l’extrémité distale du radius par plaque palmaire verrouillée. Technique chirurgicale

IntroductionA surgical technique is described to preserve the pronator quadratus muscle when fixing distal radius fractures with volar locking palmar plates.TechniqueUsing a classic volar Henry approach to the wrist, the fibrous distal attachments of the pronator quadratus muscle are released. The locking palmar plate is passed under the pronator quadratus muscle and its correct placement is checked by fluoroscopy. Locking screws are inserted through mini-incisions in pronator quadratus.DiscussionThe pronator quadratus muscle plays an important role in wrist function, both in forearm pronation and as a stabilizer of the distal radioulnar joint. Mechanical impingement between the volar plate and the flexor tendons can cause adherences, ruptures and tenosynovitis. These should be reduced if pronator quadratus were intact.ConclusionPreservation of the pronator quadratus muscle is possible for the majority of the fractures of the distal radius treated with locking volar plate osteosynthesis.     

改良Henry入路缝合旋前方肌对桡骨远端骨折功能恢复疗效比较

目的:探讨桡骨远端骨折改良Henry入路手术治疗中是否缝合旋前方肌对术后前臂功能的影响。方法:自2018年1月至2020年12月采用改良Henry入路切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折患者220例,按照缝合方法不同分为两组,术中缝合组112例,男35例,女77例;年龄37~65(48.5±7.4)岁;骨折AO分型,B型46例,C型66例;骨折复位锁定钢板固定后将切开旋前方肌予以缝合。不缝合组108例,男32例,女76例;年龄34~67(47.6±7.8)岁;骨折AO分型B型41例,C型67例;骨折复位锁定钢板固定后对切开旋前方肌不予缝合,原位铺于钢板表面。分别于术后6周、6个月比较两组腕关节活动范围(旋前、旋后、掌倾、背伸),肩臂手功能障碍评分量表(disability of arm shoulder and hand,DASH)评分和视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)。结果:220例患者获得随访,时间6~18(8.5±1.3)个月。术后6周,两组腕关节活动范围、DASH评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6周术中缝合组VAS评分(2.6±1.2)分,与不缝合组(5.8±2.3)分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后6个月两组腕关节活动范围、DASH评分、VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:改良Henry入路缝合旋前方肌在术后腕关节活动范围、上肢功能近期无明显优势,但术中缝合旋前方肌能减少早期术后疼痛,建议术中应缝合旋前方肌。     

经旋前方肌下置入LCP内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折

目的：探讨经旋前方肌下置入LCP内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的方法及临床效果。方法2008年4月-2011年1月,采用掌侧入路保留旋前方肌的方法,于旋前方肌下置入LCP内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折17例,按AO分类标准：B1型2例,B2型7例,B3型2例,C1型4例,C2型2例。所有病例均采取掌侧入路,术中不切断旋前方肌,或仅切断部分旋前方肌行旋前方肌下置入LCP内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折。结果本组术后随访9～44个月,平均13个月。骨折全部一期愈合,平均愈合时间7周。均无感染、骨不连、腕管综合征等并发症。按改良的Mcbride腕关节功能评价标准评定：优15例,良1例,可1例,优良率94.1%。结论经旋前方肌下置入LCP内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折,是完全可行的,符合现代微创手术的观点。旋前方肌能够覆盖接骨板大部分,减少了腕部肌腱的干扰,减少组织损伤,最大程度地保留前臂的旋转功能,有利于腕关节功能的恢复。     

Volar hook plate stabilization of volar marginal fragments in intra-articular distal radius fractures

BackgroundIn the setting of intra-articular distal radius fractures, the volar lunate facet (VLF) is the only articular segment that resists volar carpal subluxation. So, it is important to achieve a stable fixation of this key fragment. The VLF, when small (also called as volar marginal fragment, VMF) is located distal to the watershed line making fixation with the conventional volar locking plates difficult or impossible.Methods18 patients with either an AO: 2R3B3 or a C3 fracture consisting of a VMF underwent surgical repair through a volar approach. The VMF was stabilised using a anatomical volar hook plate. Remaining fracture components were stabilised using 2.4/ 2.0 mm locked plates. Fracture healing, ability of the hook plate to maintain reduction of the VMF and complications were assessed during follow up. Functional outcome was evaluated using Mayo score and patient rated wrist evaluation questionnaires.ResultsAll fractures united at follow up. Reduction of the VMF was maintained through healing with a stable radiocarpal and distal radioulnar joint. The mean flexion - extension wrist arc was 105° ± 10.2° The mean grip strength reached 74.6 ± 6% of the opposite side. The mean Mayo wrist score was 75 ± 5.3 and the mean patient rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) score was 15.2 ± 4.3 indicating recovery of wrist function.ConclusionIt is important to identify VMFs in intra-articular distal radius fractures. Anatomically designed volar hook plate achieves excellent low-profile stable fixation of this key fragment to allow early mobilisation without fearing loss of reduction and volar carpal subluxation.     

The pronator quadratus muscle after plating of distal radius fractures: is the muscle still working?

The purpose of this study is to define the function of the pronator quadratus muscle after plating of a distal radius fracture using anterior (volar) approach. Fourteen cases with volar plating after for a distal radius fracture were included in the study. Sixteen healthy volunteers were selected to determine the effect of dominant arm on pronation torque of the forearm for the control group. Biodex System 4 PRO (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., New York) torque meter was used for pronation torque measurement. In healthy volunteer group, there was no statistically significant difference in mean pronation torque values between the dominant arm and nondominant arms. The mean loss of pronator strength was 18.5 % and the mean loss of pronator durability was 12.9 % indicating a pronator insufficiency in the cases operated by a volar approach compared to uninjured forearm. Two patients among the operated group, who had further strengthening exercises beyond their own rehabilitation regimes, had improved pronator torque compared to uninjured forearm. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that following volar plating of distal radius fractures, there is a significant loss in pronator strength of the forearm. As the two of the patients had improved pronator strength of their operated forearm, further rehabilitation regimes should be considered to prevent pronator weakness following volar plating for distal radius fractures.     

旋前方肌缝合与否对桡骨远端骨折固定的影响

目的比较旋前方肌的缝合与否对桡骨远端骨折内固定疗效的中期影响。方法两组独立手术医师组,A组对桡骨远端骨折采用切开复位钢板内固定后,不予以缝合旋前方肌;B组对桡骨远端骨折钢板内固定后,仔细修补缝合旋前方肌;共随机回顾性选取30例患者,15例为一组,均为AOB型骨折。分别在术后4周、6个月比较健侧与患侧的腕关节旋前、旋后功能以及上肢功能评分（disabilityofarm—shoulder—hand,DASH）。结果术后4周,患侧的旋前旋后功能较健侧有极显著性差异（P〈0．01）;AB两组患侧组内旋前有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,旋后无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;术后6个月,患侧的旋前旋后功能较健侧无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;AB两组患侧组内旋前以及旋后均无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;术后4周,AB两组组间DASH评分具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;术后6个月,AB两组组间DASH评分无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论旋前方肌对桡骨远端骨折切开复位内固定的中期疗效无明显影响,手术内固定对桡骨远端B型骨折可取得良好的中期疗效。     

Pronator quadratus repair using the Henry approach with an outward-return running suture

Repair of the quadratus pronator after osteosynthesis of the distal radius via the Henry approach is generally considered a difficult procedure. The quadratus pronator is a powerful muscle which stabilizes the distal radioulnar joint. The muscle is most often injured in association with distal fracture of the radius. Apposition osteosynthesis appears to be the most appropriate procedure in order to limit loss of reduction, i.e. distal radioular variance, observed in the first postoperative weeks. Tendon complications observed with dorsal approaches and the development of new volar plates with locking screws have offered new prospects for the Henry approach. We propose here a technique for repairing the pronator quadratus with an outward-return running suture using a 2.0 single-strand thread. The technique is designed to redistribute tension along the muscle borders progressively and precisely. Muscle integrity can thus be restored and the flexor system is isolated from the osteosynthesis material.     

Technical note: How to spare the pronator quadratus during MIPO of distal radius fractures by using a mini-volar plate

Few surgical approaches have been described that spare the pronator quadratus (PQ) during the treatment of distal radius fractures. The PQ supplies blood to the distal radial epiphysis, helps stabilize the distal radio-ulnar joint, and contributes 21% of pronation strength. Sparing the PQ should result in faster bone union and shorter recovery time. To achieve these goals, we currently use a minimally-invasive volar procedure using a specially-designed short plate (APTUS Wrist 2.5 XS, Medartis^©). A 20 mm incision is made over the fracture line as described by Henry. The PQ is dissected and then detached from the volar side of the radius. Forceps are used to slide the plate under the muscle. The screws are locked after carefully elevating the distal edge of the PQ. A preliminary study of distal radius fracture fixation by this technique was performed in 31 patients. The scar was 26 mm in length and the duration of surgery was 34 minutes on average. Patients wore a removable brace for 15 days, and passive wrist motion without loading was allowed during the first week. Functional recovery was faster than seen in previously published series. An average Quick DASH score of 10 was achieved by the 10th post-operative week. Although there are no contraindications to this technique, the quality of the reduction is more important than the scar size and desire to spare the PQ. Never hesitate to convert the incision to a classical Henry approach if technical difficulties arise. Our technique seems best suited to patients with high functional demands. It is currently being evaluated in a prospective series.     

Anatomical features of the pronator quadratus muscle related to minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of distal radial fractures with a volar locking plate: a cadaver study

Background

The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomical features of the pronator quadratus muscle related to minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for distal radius fractures.

Methods

Ten cadaver forearms were used. The width from the proximal edge to the distal edge of the muscle and the distance from the distal edge of the muscle to the joint surface of the distal radius were measured. After inserting the plate under the pronator quadratus muscle, the distal part of the plate was held over the distal part of the radius and the proximal part of the plate was lifted up from the radius with a fixed locking sleeve. When the pronator quadratus muscle fiber showed signs of tearing, the distance from the volar cortex of the radius to the proximal edge of the plate was measured.

Results

The average width of the pronator quadratus muscle was 35.4 mm. The average distance from the pronator quadratus muscle to the joint surface of the distal radius was 16.6 mm, and the average distance from the cortex to the proximal edge of the plate was 12.2 mm.

Conclusions

The length of the plate should be more than 52 mm to prevent damage to the pronator quadratus muscle. Adjustment of the position of the plate under the muscle should be done in a 12-mm area under the pronator quadratus muscle. The data might provide a useful basis regarding the potential efficacy of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for the preservation of pronator quadratus muscle.

     

腕关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端Die-punch骨折

目的:评价腕关节镜辅助下切开复位治疗桡骨远端Die-punch骨折的疗效。方法:自2015年12月至2017年5月收治50例桡骨远端Die-punch骨折患者,其中男31例,女19例;年龄20~45(34.12±2.56)岁。全部患者采用腕关节镜辅助下经掌侧入路切开复位掌侧钢板内固定手术,比较治疗前后腕关节活动范围以及Cooney腕关节功能评分。结果:50例患者均获得随访,平均18个月。DR断层扫描显示骨折全部愈合,桡骨轴向无短缩。发生3例切口感染,经处理全部消失。患者术后18个月腕关节活动范围均明显大于术前(P<0.05)。术后18个月Cooney腕关节功能评分均高于术前(P<0.05);优33例,良13例,可3例,差1例。结论:腕关节镜辅助下切开复位治疗桡骨远端Die-punch骨折能较好的恢复关节面的平整,有利于快速促进腕关节功能恢复,安全性较高,值得推广。