原发性食管腺癌癌基因,抗癌基因的扩增与其蛋白产物的？…

采用免疫组化和原发子杂交技术观察ｐ５３，Ｈ－ｒａｓ，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２，ｃ－ｍｙｃ癌基因和抗癌基因及其蛋白产物在原发性食管腺癌（ＰＥＡ）中的联合表达情况，以探讨ＰＥＡ的发生发展机制，结果表明，ＰＥＡ中的ｐ５３表达较食管鳞癌高，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２变化可能是ＰＥＡ癌变的重要分子学改变；ＰＥＡ与Ｈ－ｒａｓ与ｃ－ｍｙｃ都有基因扩增蛋白产物的过表达，显示两者在ＰＥＡ的癌变过程中有协同作用，ｐ５３，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－     

早期胆囊癌癌基因的表达

目的：研究从慢性胆囊炎，胆囊腺瘤至早期胆囊癌等多阶段发展过程中多种癌基因变化，进一步按摩胆囊癌的发病机理，寻找胆囊癌早期诊断的肿瘤标志物。方法：采用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法检测慢性胆囊炎、胆囊腺瘤及早期胆囊癌的ｎｍ２３、ｐ５３、ｒａｓ、ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２等癌相关基因蛋白的表达。结果：①ｎｍ２３、ｐ５３、ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｒａｓ及ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２基因在胆囊腺瘤及早期胆囊癌中有表达；②着色强度随病变发     

乙型肝炎病毒感染者癌基因蛋白的表达及与HBeAg的关系

目的为了阐明癌基因蛋白异常表达与乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）复制的关系。方法用链霉菌素－生物素（ＳＬＡＢ）免疫组织化学染色和酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）方法，检测了６４例慢性ＨＢＶ感染者肝细胞中Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２Ｐ１８５、ｒａｓＰ２１和Ｐ５３等癌基因蛋白和血清乙型肝炎病毒ｅ抗原（ＨＢｅＡｇ）。结果Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２Ｐ１８５和ｒａｓＰ２１阳性组中，血清ＨＢｅＡｇ的阳性检出率分别为８９４％和８４６％，而阴性组ＨＢｅＡｇ的检出率分别为２０％和４８％，两组差异显著。结论表明癌基因蛋白Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２Ｐ１８５和ｒａｓＰ２１的异常表达与ＨＢＶ复制密切相关。     

大肠癌c—erbB—2,EGFR及p21^ras蛋白共同表达与肿瘤细胞增殖

目的：搪塞ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＥＧＦＲ及Ｐ２１＾ｒａｓ癌基因蛋白共同表达对大脾性癌细胞增殖的影响。方法：应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＥＧＦＲｅｙ ｐ２１＾ｒａｓ蛋白在６９例大肠癌中的表达情况,同时计数肿瘤细胞ＰＣＮＡ增殖指数。结果：３种癌基因蛋白全部阳性,ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ＿２和ＥＧＦＲ同时阳性及单独ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性的大肠癌,癌细胞ＰＣＮＡ指数高于３种蛋白全部阴性组。结果：ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－     

6种癌基因蛋白产物在甲状腺癌中的表达及意义

目的；探讨甲状腺癌癌变的机理，方法：应用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ法于石蜡切片对４３例甲状腺癌，１７例腺瘤，１９例瘤旁甲状腺组织进行了ｃ－ｅｒＢ－２，ｐ２１，ｐ５３，Ｂｃｌ－２，ｃ－ｍｙｃ，ｐ１６癌基因产物的检测。结果：癌组织中均有不同程度，１种或１种以上基因产物表达与腺瘤及瘤旁组织间均存在高度显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１），ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２，ｐ２１表达随癌组织分化程度增高而增高，ｐ５３表达随癌组织分化程度增高而     

p53、ras p21、c-erbB-2和nm23在肺癌组织中的表达

目的：探讨癌基因与肺癌临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组化ＳＰ法对５８ 例肺癌行ｐ５３、ｒａｓｐ２１、ｃｅｒｂＢ２和ｎｍ２３ 的检测。结果：癌组织中阳性反应检出率分别为４６－６％ 、２４－１ ％ 、５０－０ ％ 和５３－４ ％ ,腺癌和差分化癌ｒａｓ ｐ２１ 、ｃｅｒｂＢ２表达高于鳞癌和分化好的癌（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５） ,术后长期生存患者ｒａｓｐ２１ 、ｃｅｒｂＢ２ 表达低于短期死亡患者（Ｐ＜ ０－０５ ,Ｐ＜ ０－０１）,吸烟患者ｒａｓ ｐ２１ 表达高于不吸烟患者（Ｐ＜ ０－０５） ,淋巴结癌转移阴性组ｎｍ２３ 表达高于淋巴结癌转移阳性组（ Ｐ＜ ０－０１）,ｐ５３ 与ｒａｓ ｐ２１、ｃｅｒｂＢ２ 阳性表达具有协同性（ Ｐ＜ ０－０５） 。结论：肺癌发生发展和转移与ｒａｓｐ２１ 、ｃｅｒｂＢ２ 的激活和ｐ５３ 、ｎｍ２３ 的失活密切相关,部分基因的改变存在协同性,ｒａｓ ｐ２１ 基因的激活与吸烟有关,ｒａｓ ｐ２１、ｃｅｒｂＢ２ 的检测对判断肺癌预后有价值。     

p53,c—erbB1,c—myc中p16基因蛋白产物在人脑胶质瘤中的表达

目的 为了探明癌基因ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ１、ｃ－ｍｙｃ，抑癌基因ｐ５３和ｐ１６在胶质瘤发生发展中的作用，以及上述基因蛋白检测对胶质瘤诊断、分级的临床意义。方法 用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测４种癌基因蛋白产物在６５例人脑胶质瘤中的表达，并分析与胶质瘤病理分级间的关系。结果 ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ１、ｃ－ｍｙｃ过度表达率随胶质瘤级别升高而逐渐升高，前两者在胶质瘤良性组和高度恶性组间差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０５）；ｐ１６     

p53,p21,p185蛋白表达与横纹肌肉瘤分化及预后的关系

研究ｐ５３，ｒａｓ和ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２癌基因蛋白产物ｐ２１，ｐ１８５在横纹肌肉瘤听表达及其与ＲＭＳ的分型，分级和顾后的关系。     

p53、c-erbB-2、PCNA和EGFR在膀胱癌中过表达及其意义

目的：研究癌基因和抑癌基因蛋白产物在膀胱移行细胞癌中异常表达与病理分级、临床分期、复发和预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ法检查１１７例膀胱移行细胞癌组织中ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＰＣＮＡ和ＥＧＦＲ的表达水平。结果：１１７例膀胱移行细胞癌中ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＰＣＮＡ和ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达率分别为４７．０％、２９．９％、５３．８％和４８．７％。ｐ５３和ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达产物定位于肿瘤细胞核内，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性表达产物定位于细胞膜上，ＥＧＦＲ阳性表达产物定位于细胞膜或细胞浆内。结果表明ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＰＣＮＡ和ＥＧＦＲ异常表达与膀胱癌的分级、分期、复发及术后生存率等之间有统计学意义。结论：ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＰＣＮＡ和ＥＧＦＲ异常表达有助于评估膀胱癌预后，多基因异常表达作为预后评价指标更有意义。     

c─erbB─2、ras p21及p53在大肠癌表达的免疫组化研究

对４８例大肠癌连续切片进行ｃ─ｅｒｂＢ─２、ｒａｓｐ２１及ｐ５３３种癌相关基因产物的免疫组化ＡＢＣ法及ＡＰＡＡＰ－ＩＧＳＳ双重标记研究，结果表明：（１）癌相关基因ｃ─ｅｒｂＢ─２、ｒａｓｐ２１和ｐ５３阳性表达率在癌组织分别为５０．２％（２５／４８）、４３．８％（２１／４８）和５４．２％（２６／４８）；癌旁粘膜分别为２５％（１２／４８）、１８．８（９／４８）和２０．８％（１０／４８）；而在＂正常＂结肠粘膜则分别为１２．５％（６／４８）、６．３％（３／４８）和０．（２）有２种以上癌相关基因产物同时表达者在癌组织中有２６例（５４．２％）．在癌旁粘膜有５例（１０．５％），而在正常粘膜则未见有２种癌相关基因同时表达，（３）癌组织中ｃ─ｅｒｂＢ─２＋ｐ２１、ｃ─ｅｒｂＢ─２＋ｐ５３、ｐ２１＋ｐ５３及ｃ─ｅｒｂＢ─２＋ｐ２１＋ｐ５３同时表达者分别为２．１％、１２．５％、１６．７％及２２．９％，（４）ＡＰＡＡＰ－ＩＧＳＳ双重免疫标记结果表明，单一癌细胞可同时表达２种癌基因产物。上述结果提示：ｃ─ｅｒｂＢ─２、ｒａｓｐ２１及ｐ５３可能与大肠病的发生有关，三者在大肠病的发生中可能起协同作用。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995