Axillary arterial catheter use associated with hand ischemia in a multi-trauma patient: case report and literature review

A case of hand ischemia associated with use of an axillary arterial catheter in a multi-trauma patient is presented. Despite removal of the arterial catheter and limb salvage procedures, distal hand gangrene developed. Simple measures such as minimizing dressings, use of distal continuous pulse oximetry, placement of invasive arterial catheters in the nondominant extremity, and avoiding their use whenever possible may prevent complications and minimize morbidity.     

扩张器注射壶及导管相关并发症的回顾性分析研究

目的：探讨扩张器注射壶及导管相关并发症的发生原因和防治措施。方法：对2005年1月～2010年7月,使用扩张器治疗的567例患者、728个扩张器进行相关并发症回顾性研究,总结并分析该组病例由注射壶及导管引发渗漏的发生原因、处理方法和治疗结果。结果：本组病例中有79例患者、82个扩张器出现并发症,并发症发生率为11.26%。其中扩张器外露21个,发生率为2.88%,占扩张器总并发症的25.61%,位居扩张器并发症第一位;扩张器注射壶及导管引发的并发症20个,发生率为2.75%,占扩张器总并发症的24.39%。7例注射壶及导管引发的渗漏,发生原因多种多样,其中6例予以α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯修复,1例予以更换注射壶,通过有效处理,均可继续注水扩张,顺利完成治疗,效果满意。结论：扩张器注射壶及导管引发的渗漏看似轻微,但需要引起重视。本文介绍的注射壶及导管渗漏处理方法是较为有效的处理措施。     

原位心脏移植16例报告

总结16例心脏移植经验,探讨心脏移植的近期与远期疗效.方法 对1998年10月至2009年9月施行的16例次(15例患者)原位心脏移植的临床资料进行总结分析.结果 16例次心脏移植中,经典式原位心脏移植术4例次、双腔静脉吻合法心脏移植术12例次,全部病例采用术后早期免疫诱导+三联免疫抑制剂的抗排斥反应方案.6例死亡,存活时间5 d~103个月,中位数3.5个月.1例存活5 d,死于低心排血量及主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)的并发症;1例存活13 d,死于金黄色葡萄球菌感染及多器官功能衰竭;1例存活3个月,死于肺部细菌、真菌感染;1例存活4个月,死于肺结核;1例存活18个月,死于中、重度急、慢性排斥反应;1例存活103个月,死于肺部真菌感染合并肝功能衰竭,尸体解剖检查未发现排斥反应.余9例(10例次)至今存活,存活时间3~119个月,中位数49个月.结论 心脏移植是治疗终末期心脏病的有效手段,近、远期疗效良好.术后近期须密切监测和处理感染、急性排斥反应等术后并发症,长期生存病例须特别注意慢性排斥反应的发生.     

Noncardiac entrapment of a pulmonary artery catheter during heart transplantation: inadvertent cannulation and perforation of the internal thoracic vein

Placement of a central venous catheter into an internal thoracic vein occurs in approximately 2% of all catheterizations. A case in which a pulmonary artery catheter was trapped within the internal thoracic vein during orthotopic heart transplantation is presented.     

Late development of hydrothorax induced by a central venous catheter: Report of a case

We report herein the case of a 47-year-old woman who suffered a hydrothorax induced by a central venous catheter (CVC) which had been placed to facilitate total parenteral nutrition following a left sleeve pneumonectomy for lung cancer. The CVC was inserted into the superior vena cava (SVC) through the left subclavian vein after the operation; however, the tip inadvertently turned upward and came in contact with the lateral wall of the SVC. The patient suddenly developed dyspnea due to a right-sided hydrothorax 47 days after the insertion of the catheter. Indocyamine green administered through the catheter was thereafter found in the pleural fluid. The continuous mechanical force of the catheter tip against the SVC wall was thus considered to be the cause of this life-threatening delayed hydrothorax.     

超声引导调整植入式静脉输液港导管异位1例

正患者女,53岁,左侧乳腺癌改良根治术后10天,接受局部麻醉下右侧胸壁静脉输液港植入术,术后胸部X线片示导管走行纡曲,尖端位于右胸上外侧缘,诊断为输液港导管异位,于超声引导下调整输液港异位导管。术前于胸部X线片上进行标记,预估需退出导管长度约9.00cm(图1A、1B)。术中先以超声确认导管在右锁骨下静脉及右腋静脉内,之后暴露颈部手术原切口,于超声监视下将导管退出右腋静脉及右锁骨下静脉至预定长度,使导管处于颈     

Unusual migration of the distal catheter of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt into the heart: case report

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Placement of a ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is the most common form of treatment for hydrocephalus. Thoracic complications with VP shunts are rare, but we present the second documented case of the distal migration of the distal catheter of a VP shunt into the heart. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 14-year-old boy, who underwent placement of a right occipital VP shunt at another institution after closed-head injury, presented with hypertension. Plain chest x-rays and computed tomography revealed the distal catheter to be in the right ventricle of the heart. INTERVENTION: A joint surgical procedure was performed with the cardiac surgery team. The cardiac surgeons created a pericardial window through a subxyphoid incision. Simultaneously, a right occipital incision was made to access the distal catheter, which was then slowly pulled out with the pericardium under direct visualization. No hemorrhage or change in the pericardium was observed, and, therefore, the need for a thoracotomy was eliminated. A new distal catheter was placed into the peritoneal cavity. CONCLUSION: The migration of the distal catheter probably occurred during the initial VP shunt placement. The internal jugular vein probably was perforated by the tunneler during the creation of the distal catheter tract. Slow venous flow and negative inspiratory pressure may have gradually pulled the catheter up into the right atria and ventricle. As demonstrated by our case report, the catheter can be extracted safely in a joint procedure with cardiac surgeons, and a thoracotomy is not always necessary. The patient did not experience postoperative complications, and his hypertension was alleviated.     

颈椎前路术后迟发性四肢瘫痪1例

患者,男,61岁。因高处坠落致颈部疼痛2 h余入院。查体：C4-C6棘突压痛明显,活动受限,稍有肿胀,双上肢感觉麻木伴有痛觉过敏,双侧肱二头肌肌力Ⅳ级,双手握力下降,双下肢感觉活动可,肢端感觉血供可。入院时实验室检查均未见明显异常。MRI检查显示C3-C7椎间盘后突伴C4-C6平面椎管狭窄,颈髓受压,髓内见小片高信号影,颈椎退行性改变（图1a）。     

更换膀胱造瘘管并发症105例分析

目的分析更换膀胱造瘘管并发症的原因并探讨解决方案。方法回顾分析105例更换膀胱造瘘管并发症,按不同原因分类,记录各类并发症发生率、临床表现、导致后果、解决方案。结果本组病例膀胱造瘘管拔出失败29例（27.6%）,膀胱造瘘管位置异常28例（26.7%）,出血26例（24.8%）,膀胱造瘘管引流不畅21例（20%）,膀胱穿孔1例（0.95%）.经相应处理,患者均成功更换膀胱造瘘管。结论更换膀胱造瘘管存在发生并发症的风险,定期更换、采用合理的操作程序并及时发现处理并发症可降低风险。     

留置导管长期血液透析的应用

目的 介绍长期留置血液透析（下称血透）导管的置入方法、透析效果以及并发症。方法 采取带皮下隧道长期留置导管置入术建立血透通路15例,观察其透析效果与并发症的发生情况。结果 15根长期留置血透导管共使用2820d,平均每根留置时间188d,其透析效果优于人造血管和临时性血透导管,但不及动静脉内瘘。长期留置血透导管常见的并发症为血流不畅和感染。经干预均可控制。结论 长期留置血透导管对于老年人、心功能不全或造瘘困难者是较好的选择,其透析效果较好,并发症较少。     

小儿颈内静脉置管深度研究进展

颈内静脉(internal jugular vein,IJV)穿刺置管是临床常用技术,用于液体或药物管理,以及CVP测定等。随着小儿身高、体重的变化,IJV导管置入的合适深度也会随之发生变化。文章描述了IJV导管尖端理想位置,介绍了通过经食管超声心动图(transesophageal echocardiography,TEE)、经胸超声心动图(transthoracic echocardiography,TTE)、胸部X线检查(chest radiograph,CXR)和腔内心电图等方法确定导管尖端位置。此外,还对右侧IJV置管深度、特殊人群的IJV置管深度、左侧IJV解剖特点及置管深度进行了综述。目前已有不少计算IJV置管深度的公式,由于儿童在发育阶段存在一定的发育差异,它对于个体的适用性仍有待临床进一步考证。     

Massive urinary ascites after removal of a supra-pubic catheter: case report and review of the literature

Urinary ascites is a rare diagnosis usually associated with intra-peritoneal bladder perforation. We present a case of massive urinary ascites in a patient who presented 1 week after a total abdominal hysterectomy and sacrocolpopexy. We discuss how the diagnosis was made, the mechanism of biochemical changes associated with urinary ascites and the management. In summary, we show that a combination of serum and ascitic biochemistry are essential to make a diagnosis of urinary ascites.     

Emergency cesarean section in a patient with Fontan circulation using an indwelling epidural catheter

Management of parturients with a history of Fontan procedure requires careful monitoring of cardiovascular parameters and anticipation of potential complications. We describe potential pitfalls in a parturient with atriopulmonary Fontan circulation, who received epidural analgesia for labor and who later required emergency cesarean section. Low-dose local anesthetic in combination with meperidine provided excellent perioperative epidural analgesia and cardiovascular stability. Epidural analgesia during labor offered optimal pain relief and facilitated conversion to surgical anesthesia for an emergency cesarean section.     

Formation of a calcified "cast" in a long-term indwelling central venous catheter: a case report

Catheter-related central venous thrombosis is a complication seen with long-term indwelling central venous catheters. The uses of total parenteral nutrition, catheter location, and duration of catheter use have been shown to increase the risk of thrombus formation. However, organized calcification of such a thrombus is a rare occurrence and, to our knowledge, has never been reported in a patient unexposed to total parenteral nutrition. We report a patient with an extensive, organized, calcified “cast” surrounding a central venous catheter used solely for chemotherapy administration.     

Solitaire AB stent mechanical embolization combined with catheter contact thrombolysis for acute renal artery embolism: A case report

Acute renal artery embolization is a rare disease resulting in interruption of blood flow, resulting in renal tissue ischemia or necrosis, and even developing into acute renal failure. It is urgent to diagnose timely, recanalize the occluded renal artery early, and recover renal blood perfusion. Here, the article reports a case of acute renal artery embolization, which was successfully cured by interventional therapy.     

Combined catheter embolization and femorofemoral bypass for pseudoaneurysm of the right external iliac artery: Report of a case

(Received for publication on Sept. 12, 1997; accepted on May 15, 1998)     

Intraoperative pulmonary embolization by the tip of a polystan venous return catheter

In a 10-year-old girl being treated for ventricular septal defect, the tip of a Polystan venous return catheter broke away when the catheter was being removed at the time of bypass disconnection. Following fluoroscopic identification of the tip in the left peripheral pulmonary artery, it was removedvia arteriotomy.