125I放射性粒子植入联合栓塞化疗治疗肾上腺转移瘤临床应用

目的 探讨CT导引下经皮穿刺植入125I放射性粒子联合介入栓塞化疗治疗肾上腺转移瘤的方法及疗效.方法 对12例肾上腺转移瘤患者,应用介入栓塞化疗,2周后复查CT,采用治疗计划系统(TPS)计算剂量和布粒计划,CT定位下行病灶内125I放射性粒子植入术.植入结束后,再次进行CT扫描观察粒子分布情况及有无并发症,评价粒子分布情况.术后2～6个月定期CT随访.结果 术后2、4、6个月随访,12例有效率分别为58.33 %、81.82 %、80.00 %.结论 CT引导下经皮穿刺125I粒子植入联合介入栓塞化疗治疗肾上腺转移瘤安全,损伤小,并发症轻,近期疗效确切,值得推广和应用.     

晚期肺癌125I粒子植入治疗近期疗效观察

目的 观察CT引导下经皮肺穿刺植入125I粒子治疗晚期肺癌的近期疗效.方法 20例晚期肺癌患者在CT引导下经皮肺穿刺肺癌组织间植入125I粒子,通过影像学手段观察近期疗效,并观察临床不良反应.结果 复查20例植入粒子后3个月以上患者的CT影像,其中,完全缓解15％（3/20）、部分缓解55％（11/20）、无变化30％ （6/20）,总有效率为70％,并发气胸15％（3/20）、咳少量血痰20％（4/20）.随访时间3～18个月,1例术后5个月死于呼吸衰竭.结论 125I粒子植入治疗晚期肺癌并发症少,近期疗效满意,远期疗效待观察.     

CT引导经皮穿刺植入放射性125I粒子治疗HCC合并肝静脉、下腔静脉癌栓

目的 探讨CT引导经皮穿刺植入放射性125I粒子治疗原发性肝细胞肝癌(HCC)并肝静脉、下腔静脉癌栓的可行性.方法 回顾分析本科10例行CT引导经皮穿刺植入放射性125I粒子治疗HCC合并肝右静脉、下腔静脉癌栓临床资料,术后2月行CT增强、肝功能、AFP检查.以后每2月复查.结果 所有患者均手术成功,无相关手术并发症出现.每位患者平均植入125I粒子10.2粒.术后2月,5例患者肝右静脉、下腔静脉内癌栓较前不同程度缩小,3例患者癌栓较前无明显变化,2例患者癌栓较前增大.结论 放射性125I粒子组织间植入治疗HCC合并肝静脉、下腔静脉癌栓是一安全有效的方法.     

CT导向下经皮肺穿刺瘤体内植入125I粒子治疗老年肺癌的可行性研究

目的 探讨CT导向下经皮肺穿刺瘤体内植入125I粒子治疗老年肺癌的临床价值.方法 46例老年肺癌患者,CT导向下经皮肺穿刺肿瘤内植入125I粒子,术后1、2、3、6个月,观察肿瘤大小的变化判断临床疗效.结果 46例患者,57个病灶,其中7例行2次植入,1例行3次植入,总穿刺次数为76次.术后观察6个月.术后1、2、3、6个月肿瘤治疗有效率(CR+PR)分别为8.77%(5/57)、40.35%(23/57)、89.47%(51/57)、96.49%(55/57).并发气胸6.58%(5/76),咳血19.57%(9/46).于植入后第6个月复查时2例出现粒子丢失,可能是肿瘤缩小,粒子被咳出.结论 CT导向下经皮肺穿刺瘤体内植入125I粒子对老年肺癌患者是一种微创、安全、疗效可靠的治疗手段.     

125I 放射粒子植入治疗肿瘤颈部淋巴结转移

目的 探讨 125I 放射粒子植入治疗肿瘤颈部淋巴结转移的短期疗效评估. 资料与方法 9例中,食管来源肿瘤2例,乳腺来源肿瘤2例,甲状腺来源肿瘤2例,肺来源肿瘤3例.每例颈部转移淋巴结3个以下,最大淋巴结直径1.5～6.5 cm,平均4.2 cm.采用计算机三维肿瘤治疗计划系统(TPS);Philips MX 8000螺旋CT;转盘式全封闭防辐射连击式植入器,18 G粒子植入针.125I 放射粒子半衰期为59.43 d,平均能量27.4 keV,组织穿透1.7 cm,初始能率7 cGy/h,共211粒.CT自C1水平向下扫描至T1水平,层厚5 mm,利用TPS计算布源后,在CT定位下植入 125I 放射粒子.术后2个月复查CT及再次穿刺活检. 结果 治疗后2个月复查CT进行比较,9例中完全缓解(CR)0例,部分缓解(PR)2例,无变化(NC)6例,进展(PD)1 例,总有效率为 88.9%;2个月内无死亡病例;局部皮肤红肿及破溃1例,经换药后好转;无一例发生血管栓塞.术前与术后2个月行淋巴结活检,病理明确病灶内肿瘤活性降低. 结论 CT定位引导下能够准确地植入 125I 放射粒子并有效地控制肿瘤转移灶的生长,创伤小,并发症少,近期效果好,具有一定的临床应用价值.     

CT引导下125I放射性粒子治疗肝癌源性肺转移癌

目的 评价CT引导下125I放射性粒子植入治疗肝癌源性肺转移癌的临床价值.方法 38例肝癌肺转移患者共60个病灶,在CT引导下植入125I放射性粒子,病灶平均最大径（2.8±1.5）cm.结果 术后平均随访时间（17±7.2）月.完全缓解7个,部分缓解31个,稳定17个,进展5个,总有效率为63.33％（38/60）.肺转移癌最大径较术前缩小（P＜0.05）.结论 CT引导下125 I放射性粒子植入是治疗肝癌源性肺转移癌的有效手段.     

CT导引下经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子治疗中心型肺癌的应用研究

目的探讨CT导引下经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子治疗中心型肺癌的操作方法、安全性及疗效.方法回顾分析22例经CT平扫及增强扫描确诊的中心型肺癌,18例治疗前行CT导引下经皮穿刺活检快速病理证实,待病理结果后即刻行CT导引下经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子7～16粒,125I微粒子放射性活度为22、26、30、33 MBq/粒,植入微粒子放射性总活度为181～355 MBq.穿刺点均为1处,调整进针方向2～5次,前胸壁入路8例,侧胸壁入路8例,后胸壁入路6例.22例中6例行经静脉化疗1～3次.结果 22例中随访满1个月以上者20例,2个月以上者16例,3个月以上者10例,6个月者3例.1个月随访20例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者18例,无变化2例,增大0例;2个月随访16例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者15例,无变化1例,增大0例;3个月随访10例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者8例,无变化1例,增大1例;6个月随访3例中,肿瘤直径缩小≥50%者3例,无变化0例,增大0例.22例中治疗前有明显肺段、肺叶不张12例,随访中重新膨胀9例.治疗后新发生纵隔淋巴结转移4例,新发生胸骨转移1例、肝转移1例.并发症气胸11例,粒子脱落1例.结论经皮穿刺组织间植入125I放射微粒子治疗中心型肺癌可使瘤体明显缩小,效果肯定.CT导引下准确,相对安全.此种治疗对转移有无明显预防作用有待研究.但对局部转移灶治疗同样有效.     

125I粒子植入联合动脉化学栓塞治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓

目的 探讨125I粒子结合动脉化学栓塞治疗原发性肝癌伴门静脉癌栓的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析不能行手术治疗的原发性肝癌伴Ⅱ型或Ⅲ型门静脉癌栓的23例患者的临床资料,男20例、女3例;年龄34 ～ 70岁,平均(56±8)岁;肝内原发肿瘤1～15个(中位数为4个).23例门静脉癌栓的平均直径为(20.5±1.5) mm,平均长度为(37.4±2.6) mm.所有患者均行动脉化学栓塞治疗肝内原发病灶,同时经皮穿刺门静脉癌栓内125I粒子植入治疗门静脉癌栓.通过治疗计划系统计算出处方剂量、所需粒子数、粒子的空间分布、粒子放射性活度、匹配周边剂量等参数,然后在CT监视下,依次在肿瘤的不同层面及位置植入125I粒子.结果 每例患者动脉化学栓塞治疗次数1.0～6.0次,平均(3.1±0.4)次;门静脉穿刺粒子植入次数1.0 ～2.0次,平均(1.4±0.5)次;植入粒子数4～ 17枚,平均(7±1)枚.患者生存期3～24个月,中位生存期18个月.患者3、6和12个月生存率分别为91.3％ (21/23)和69.6％( 16/23)和60.9％( 14/23).所有患者均未见与治疗相关的严重并发症发生.结论 125I粒子植入联合动脉化学栓塞治疗,可以显著延长伴有门静脉癌栓的原发性肝癌患者的中位生存期.     

CT导引经皮穿刺植入125I粒子治疗肺转移瘤(附15例报告)

目的 探讨CT导引经皮穿刺植入125I粒子治疗肺转移瘤的可行性、疗效及并发症.方法 15例肺转移瘤患者,男9例,女6例,年龄45～80岁,15例患者病灶数为41个,平均直径为2.3cm,125I粒子活度2.59×107Bq(0.7mCi),PD110Gy.术前通过放射性粒子治疗计划系统TPS (treatment planning system)布源,在CT导引下采取粒子间隔1.0cm,后退式平面植入.结果 3月复查15例41个病灶完全缓解(CR)25个,部分缓解(PR)13个,无变化(NC)2个,进展(PD)1个,有效率92.6％.主要并发症为沿穿刺通道少量出血、气胸或迟发性气胸.6个月随访未发生其他严重并发症.结论 CT导引经皮穿刺植入125 I粒子治疗肺转移瘤疗效确切、并发症轻,值得进一步探讨.     

CT导向下人工气胸后125I粒子植入治疗纵隔淋巴结转移的临床应用

目的 探讨CT导向下人工气胸后125I粒子植入治疗纵隔淋巴结转移的可行性和局部疗效.方法 39例纵隔淋巴结转移的患者,男26例,女13例,平均年龄(59.4±10.6)岁.病灶大小为2～6.5 cm.全部患者均先行人工气胸,再行CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗.结果 39例患者均成功行人工气胸,平均注入气体600 ml(400～1000 ml),人工气胸平均用时12 min(5～18 min).125I粒子植入平均用时95 min(60～150 min),平均植入125I粒子34粒(15～60粒),并发症发生率为2.6%.治疗后1、3、6个月有效率(CR+PR)分别为69.23%、74.35%、82.05%.结论 CT导向下人工气胸后125I粒子植入治疗纵隔淋巴结转移可行、有效.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.