强直性脊柱炎患者Th17细胞与CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞的变化及意义

目的 探讨强直性脊柱炎( ankylosing spondylitis,AS)患者Th17和CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+调节性T细胞比例及相关细胞因子水平的变化及意义.方法 强直性脊柱炎患者40例,正常同年龄对照37例.采用流式细胞术检测外周血Th17与调节性T细胞的比例,双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法( ELISA)检测血清IL-6、IL-23、IL-17和TGF-β水平.结果 AS组患者外周血Th17细胞比例明显高于对照组[(1.02±0.34)％vs(0.68:±0.29)％,P＜0.05],CD+ CD25+ FoxP3+细胞比例明显低于对照组[(3.77±0.81)％ vs (4.69±1.23)％,P＜0.05].AS患者血清中IL-6、IL-23、IL-17水平明显高于对照组[ (6.15±2.71) ng/L vs(3.31±1.65) ng/L; (9.44±3.12) ng/ml vs (5.82±2.61) ng/ml;( 10.53±4.97) ng/L vs (6.78±3、26) ng/L,P均＜0.01];差异有统计学意义.与对照组相比,AS组TGF-β水平有下降的趋势[(4,76±2.15) ng/ml vs(5.16±2.02) ng/ml,P＞0.05],但差异无统计学意义.AS患者血清各细胞因子含量与临床及实验室指标无相关性.结论 强直性脊柱炎患者Th17与CD4+CD35+FoxP3+调节性T细胞比例失衡,血清IL-6、IL-23、IL-17和TGF-β水平变化,这些原因可能参与强直性脊柱炎免疫发病过程.     

香烟烟雾暴露对肺气肿小鼠CD4+IL-17+辅助性T细胞的影响

目的 探讨香烟烟雾暴露对肺气肿小鼠肺实质、外周血中CD4+IL-17+辅助性T细胞(Th17)的影响。方法 将40只雄性BALB/c小鼠按随机数字表法分为4组：对照12周组(C12)、对照24周组(C24)、烟雾暴露12周组(S12)、烟雾暴露24周组(S24),每组10只。香烟烟雾暴露法建立小鼠肺气肿模型。HE染色观察小鼠肺气肿的改变,计算平均内衬间隔(Lm)和肺泡破坏指数(DI);酶联免疫吸附法检测小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中IL-17、干扰素(IFN)-γ和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平及肺实质中IFN-γ和TNF-α水平;流式细胞术检测小鼠肺实质、外周血中CD4+ IL-17+T(Th17)细胞占CD4+T细胞的百分比;免疫荧光PCR法检测小鼠肺实质、外周血中RORγt和IL-17的mRNA表达,并分析这些指标的相互关系。结果 (1)S12组和S24组Lm为(39.19±3.51) μm和(46.87±7.16) μm,DI为39.13±1.57和45.16±3.13,均明显高于C12组和C24组(32.60±3.21) μm和(32.38±3.73) μm及28.23±1.62和28.86±2.07,以S24组增高更为明显,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。(2) S12组和S24组BALF中IL-17、IFN-γ及TNF-α水平[(119.72±10.72) ng/L和(296.40±14.00) ng/L、(129.7±22.2) ng/L和(251.1±62.4) ng/L,(17.35±1.60) ng/L和(36.35±1.43) ng/L]较C12组和C24组[(52.06±4.70) ng/L和(51.89±6.82) ng/L、(85.8±26.8) ng/L和(88.9±11.5) ng/L,(6.41±0.90) ng/L和(5.85±0.92) ng/L]明显增高;在肺实质中,S12组和S24组IFN-γ及TNF-α水平[(1124.3±174.4) ng/L和(1342.7±206.1) ng/L,(77.2±13.7) ng/L和(101.7±19.0) ng/L]亦较C12组和C24组[(946.2±81.9) ng/L和(1027.2±188.3) ng/L,(62.1±16.1) ng/L 和(64.4±15.1) ng/L]明显增高;且以S24组增高更为明显,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。(3)S12组和S24组肺实质中Th17细胞比例[(3.27±1.12)％和(7.19±2.24)％]明显高于C12组和C24组[(1.80±0.75)％和(1.99±0.59)％];S12组和S24组外周血中Th17细胞比例[(1.96±0.61)％和(3.82±1.26)％]亦明显高于C12组和C24组[(0.90±0.37)％和(0.97±0.32)％];且以S24组增高更为明显,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。(4) S12组和S24组肺实质中RORγt和IL-17 mRNA表达量（1.73±0.35和4.52±1.15,4.00±0.87和83.43±21.01）较C12组和C24组（0.83±0.21和0.90±0.36,0.80±0.22和0.64±0.31）明显增高,以S24组增高更为明显,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);外周血中,S12组和S24组RORγt和IL-17 mRNA表达量(1.48±0.32和2.75±0.79,201.25±5.49和416.22±99.64)亦较C12组和C24组(0.59±0.25和0.75±0.36,24.90±5.49和22.28±4.24)明显增高,以S24组增高更为明显,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。(5)烟雾暴露组中,外周血和肺实质的Th17细胞比例均与Lm、DI值显著正相关(r值分别为0.767、0.772;0.722、0.706,均P＜0.05)。结论 Th17细胞在香烟暴露肺部炎症、肺气肿小鼠外周血及肺内表达增高,并伴活性的增强,且随烟雾暴露时间延长而增强,提示香烟暴露肺气肿小鼠Th17细胞上调可能是导致小鼠肺内及全身炎症反应放大的原因之一。     

类风湿关节炎患者Th17和CD161+Th17细胞水平的变化

目的 观察类风湿关节炎(RA)患者和健康对照组外周血中CD4+ IL-17+T细胞(Th17)和CD4+ CD161+ IL-17+T细胞(CD161+Th17)的水平,探讨其在RA发病过程中的意义.方法 采用流式细胞术测定36例RA患者和11例健康对照组外周血中Th17细胞及CD161+ Th17的细胞百分率.结果 RA患者外周血Th17及CD161+ Th17细胞水平明显高于健康对照组(P＜0.01)且与疾病活动指数(DAS28)、血沉和C-反应蛋白水平呈显著正相关(P ＜0.05);RA患者和健康对照组外周血中CD161+ Th17细胞百分率明显高于Th17细胞百分率(P＜0.01);Th17细胞百分率与CD161+ Th17细胞百分率显著正相关(P＜0.01).结论 Th17及CD161+ Th17细胞在RA患者外周血中均增高且与疾病活动度正相关.     

支气管哮喘患者外周血Th17、CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞表达特征

目的:探讨外周血Th17和CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg)在支气管哮喘患者中的表达特征。方法:41例慢性持续期哮喘患者,分为间歇-轻度组(n=23)和中重度组(n=18),行肺功能检查和哮喘控制问卷(ACQ)调查,20例正常人作为对照。通过流式细胞术检测外周血Th17和CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的比例。ELISA检测血浆以及植物血凝素刺激24小时后外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)上清液中的IL-17、IL-10、TGF-β水平。结果:中重度哮喘组外周血Th17细胞比例及血浆IL-17水平高于间歇-轻度哮喘和正常人组,而外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞比例及血浆IL-10、TGF-β水平则降低。中重度哮喘组PBMC上清液中IL-17水平增高。哮喘患者FEV1(%预计值)与Th17细胞及血浆IL-17表达成负相关,与CD4+CD25+Treg表达成正相关。ACQ平均得分与Th17细胞和血浆IL-17表达成正相关,与外周血CD4+CD25+Treg表达成负相关。结论:中重度哮喘中外周血Th17细胞应答增强,而CD4+CD25+Treg细胞缺乏,哮喘的严重程度及症状控制与外周血Th17/Treg免疫应答失衡密切相关。     

不同类型HBV感染者外周血Treg/Th17细胞的变化及意义

目的:探讨不同类型HBV感染者外周血中CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg/Th17细胞的变化及意义.方法:选取15例急性乙型肝炎(Acute Hepatitis B,AHB)患者、40例慢性乙型肝炎(Chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者、40例无症状携带者(Asymptomatic HBV carriers,AsC)及30例健康对照者,分别采用流式细胞术、RT-PCR和ELISA检测外周血CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg/Th17细胞百分率、核转录因子foxhead winged-helix box protein 3 (Foxp3)/retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma-t (RORγt) mRNA的表达以及血浆转化生长因子-β1(Transforming growth factor-31,TGF-β1)/IL-17的水平.结果:AHB组患者CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg/CD4+T细胞百分率、Foxp3 mRNA及TGF-β1水平与正常对照组相比无明显差异(P＞0.05);而CD4+ IL-17 +/CD4+T细胞百分率、RORγtmRNA及IL-17水平与正常对照组相比明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).CHB组患者CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg/CD4+T细胞百分率、Foxp3 mRNA、TGF-31水平及CD4+ IL-17 +/CD4+T细胞百分率、RORγt mRNA、IL-17水平与正常对照组相比均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与正常对照组相比,AsC组患者CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg/CD4+T细胞百分率、Foxp3 mR-NA、TGF-β1水平及CD4+ IL-17 +/CD4+T细胞百分率、RORγt mRNA、IL-17水平无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论:在不同类型HBV感染者外周血中Treg/Th17细胞失衡,Treg/Th17细胞可能与HBV感染的状态有关.     

非小细胞肺癌患者外周血Foxp3+调节性T细胞和Th17的检测与临床意义

目的 通过检测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者外周血Foxp3+调节性T细胞(TrFoxp3+)、Th17细胞、TrFoxp3+/Th17及相关细胞因子水平,探讨TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞在肺癌发生发展中的相互作用以及是否存在TrFoxp3+/Th17失衡.方法 采用流式细胞术和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)分别检测18例健康人、26例NSCLC患者外周血中TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例,以及转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、IL-17、IL-23的表达水平.结果 NSCLC患者外周血中TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞比例、TrFoxp3+/Th17高于健康对照组(P＜0.05).NSCLC患者外周血TrFoxp3+与Th17细胞成正向直线相关的关系(r=0.81,P＜0.05).不同TNM分期肺癌患者外周血TrFoxp3+/Th17:Ⅳ期肺癌患者高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期肺癌患者(P＜0.05).NSCLC患者血清中TGF-β、IL-17、IL-23水平高于健康对照组,TGF-β在晚期组/健康对照组的比值高于早中期组/健康对照组的比值(P＜0.05).结论 NSCLC患者外周血中TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞比例及TrFoxp3+/Th17较健康人升高,且晚期患者TrFoxp3+/Th17明显升高,提示NSCLC患者可能存在TrFoxp3+/Th17比例失衡,导致肿瘤患者免疫抑制,促进肿瘤发生、发展,可能与二者的细胞因子调节有关.     

CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞/Th17细胞失衡与婴幼儿脓毒症

目的 观察不同免疫状态下婴幼儿脓毒症CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~(high)岫调节性T细胞(Tr)/Th17细胞的变化,探讨婴幼儿脓毒症适应性免疫紊乱可能的机制.方法 婴幼儿脓毒症48例,健康同龄儿童对照组26例.用流式细胞术榆测CD14~+单核细胞HLA-DR表达率,CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~(high)Tr 比例及Th17细胞比例;用ELISA法检测细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α、TGF-β及IL-17A等浓度,计算IL-10/TNF-α比值;实时荧光定量PCR(real-time PCR)检测CD4~+T细胞Foxp3、ROR-γt mRNA表达及IL-17A mRNA表达.以CD14~+单核细胞HLA-DR表达＞或＜30%为阈值,将患儿分为免疫激活组(DR-H组)和免疫抑制组(DR-L组).结果 DR-L组IL-10/TNF-α比值明显高于DR-H组(P＜0.05)及对照组(P＜0.05).CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~(high) Tr细胞比例及转录因子Foxp3基因表达DR-L组明显高于对照组及DR-H组(P＜O.05).Th17细胞比例、IL-17A血浓度、Th17细胞IL-17A基因表达及转录因子ROR-γt基因表达DR-H组及DR-L组均明显高于对照组(P＜0.05),两组之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).DR-H组和DR-L组Th17细胞主要分化调控因子IL-6、IL-1β血清浓度明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05),两组问IL-6、IL-1β浓度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),DB-L组CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~(high) Tr细胞主要调节因子TGF-β血浓度明显高于DR-H组及对照组(P＜0.05).结论 Th17持续过度活化可能是导致脓毒症前炎症细胞因子/趋化因子持续增高的原因之一;CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~(high) Tr细胞/Th17细胞失衡可能参与脓毒症混合性拮抗反应综合征(MARS)的发生发展,婴幼儿脓毒症细胞因子微环境变化可能是导致CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~(high) Tr细胞/Thl7细胞失衡的原因之一.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血Th17细胞/调节性T细胞比值变化的意义北大核心CSCD

目的测定慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者外周血CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Treg)和CD4+IL-17+T细胞(Th17细胞)频率及其相关细胞因子的变化,并探讨Th17/Treg平衡在CHB发病过程中的作用。方法选取CHB住院患者(CHB组)60例,其中35例轻中度CHB患者(CHB-LM),25例慢性重型肝炎患者(CSHB),同时选取21位健康体检者作为正常对照组(HC)。流式细胞术检测外周血中Th17和Treg的细胞频数,双抗体夹心ELISA检测血清中IL-17、IL-23、IL-10及转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的表达水平。结果与HC组相比,CHB患者外周血Th17细胞频率及其相关细胞因子IL-17、IL-23浓度明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Treg频率及其相关细胞因子IL-10及TGF-β1浓度明显增高。Th17/Treg比值变化显示,与HC组相比,在CHB组中该比例明显升高,具有显著性差异,且与CHSB组相比,在CHB-LM组中该比值明显降低。结论 Th17细胞/Treg的失衡是造成慢性乙型肝炎病程演变的重要因素,检测Th17细胞/Treg比值变化对疾病发展的早期预测有一定价值。     

强直性脊柱炎患者外周血中Th17细胞水平研究

目的建立流式细胞术检测外周血Th17的方法,并探讨强直性脊柱炎患者外周血Th17变化的意义。方法采用四色流式细胞术检测16例AS患者(AS组)和16例健康志愿者(对照组)外周血Th17细胞比例。结果用流式细胞仪结合不同荧光素标记的CD3、CD8、CD45和IL-17A单克隆抗体可准确检测外周血中Th17细胞的数量。对照组中Th17的检测结果分别为(1.58±1.09)%;AS患者组中分别为(3.06±2.24)%,AS患者外周血中Th17细胞显著高于对照组(P=0.004)。结论患者外周血中Th17细胞数量与对照组比较显著升高,该种细胞可能参与了AS的发生和发展。     

呼吸道合胞病毒毛细支气管炎患儿外周血CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞与Th17细胞功能变化及意义

目的:探讨呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)毛细支气管炎患儿外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞和Th17细胞及其分泌细胞因子IL-10、TGF-β、IL-17水平变化与RSV毛细支气管炎发病的关系。方法:收集2010-09/2011-04在滨州医学院附属医院儿科住院的33例RSV毛细支气管炎患儿、28例做为阳性对照的非RSV感染性肺炎患儿(肺炎组)及26例正常对照组的健康体检儿外周血,采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞、Th17细胞百分率,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血浆IL-10、TGF-β、IL-17的水平。结果:RSV毛细支气管炎患儿外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞、IL-10、TGF-β水平显著低于肺炎患儿及健康体检儿(P<0.05),而Th17、IL-17水平则显著高于肺炎患儿与健康体检儿(P<0.05)。结论:RSV毛细支气管炎患儿外周血存在CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞与Th17细胞表达失衡,可能是RSV毛细支气管炎发病机制之一。     

小檗碱调节睡眠剥夺大鼠的肠道菌群结构以及Th17/Treg细胞平衡

目的研究小檗碱对睡眠剥夺大鼠肠道菌群以及辅助性T细胞17(Th17)和调解性T细胞(Treg)细胞的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、低和高剂量小檗碱组(BBR1和BBR2,100和200 mg/kg,灌胃10 d干预)。小站台水环境法建立睡眠剥夺模型。检测大鼠直肠内容物中细菌数量,流式细胞计量技术分析大鼠肠道Th17/Treg细胞比值,并检测肠道白介素17(IL-17)、RAR相关孤儿受体(ROR)C和叉头框蛋白P3(Foxp3)表达。结果模型组大鼠肠道内产气荚膜梭菌数量增加(P0.05),而其他检测菌群数量降低(P0.05);Th17/Treg细胞比值升高(P0.05);IL-17和RORC表达升高(P0.05),Foxp3表达降低(P0.05)。小檗碱处理降低产气荚膜梭菌数量(P0.05),增加其他检测菌群的数量(P0.05);降低Th17/Treg细胞比值(P0.05);下调IL-17和RORC表达(P0.05),上调Foxp3表达(P0.05)。结论小檗碱能够拮抗睡眠剥夺诱导的大鼠肠道菌群结构和Th17/Treg细胞失衡。     

IL-17体内外抗肿瘤作用及其机制研究

目的研究IL-17体内外抗肿瘤作用及其机制,为IL-17基因疫苗进入临床提供实验依据。方法建立稳定转染小鼠IL-17全长基因的小鼠乳腺癌细胞(4T1/IL-17)及相应的对照细胞(4T1/pcDNA3.1、4T1),MTS法检测3种细胞的体外增殖情况;流式法检测3种细胞表面MHCI、MHCⅡ、LFA-1分子表达的变化及3种细胞的凋亡情况。建立荷瘤动物模型,观察3种细胞移植瘤在小鼠体内成瘤性、生长情况及小鼠生存期的变化。接种肿瘤细胞6周后分别检测3组小鼠脾细胞CTL杀伤活性、脾细胞增殖情况。用ELISA法检测小鼠脾细胞经刺激后产生IFN-γ、IL-12的情况;流式细胞技术检测4T1/IL-17细胞接种于小鼠体内的细胞凋亡情况及肿瘤组织细胞表面MHCI、MHCⅡ、LFA-1等分子表达的变化。结果转染IL-17基因后在体外对4T1/IL-17、4T1/pcDNA3.1和4T1细胞的增殖;MHCI、MHCⅡ、LFA-1分子表达;细胞凋亡无影响。将4T1/IL-17细胞接种小鼠体内后,荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤生长速度、体积均明显小于4T1/pcDNA3.1细胞组及4T1细胞组,生存时间也明显延长(P<0.05);肿瘤细胞凋亡率明显增高(P<0.05);细胞表面MHCI、MHCⅡ、LFA-1分子表达水平显著性增高(P<0.01);CTL杀伤活性及对ConA刺激的细胞增殖反应性均明显升高(P<0.01);可产生高水平的IFN-γ、IL-12,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论 IL-17在体外未显示抗肿瘤作用,IL-17在小鼠体内具有明显的抗肿瘤作用,其抗肿瘤作用与促进肿瘤细胞细胞凋亡及增强机体免疫应答有关。     

The plasticity of human Treg and Th17 cells and its role in autoimmunity

CD4⁺ T helper cells are a central element of the adaptive immune system. They protect the organism against a wide range of pathogens and are able to initiate and control many immune reactions in combination with other cells of the adaptive and the innate immune system. Starting from a naive cell, CD4⁺ T cells can differentiate into various effector cell populations with specialized function. This subset specific differentiation depends on numerous signals and the strength of stimulation. However, recent data have shown that differentiated CD4⁺ T cell subpopulations display a high grade of plasticity and that their initial differentiation is not an endpoint of T cell development. In particular, FoxP3⁺ regulatory T cells (Treg) and Th17 effector T cells demonstrate a high grade of plasticity, which allow a functional adaptation to various physiological situations during an immune response. However, the plasticity of Treg and Th17 cells might also be a critical factor for autoimmune disease. Here we discuss the recent developments in CD4⁺ T cell plasticity with a focus on Treg and Th17 cells and its role in human autoimmune disease, in particular multiple sclerosis (MS).     

Th17/Treg失衡在重症肺炎中的作用及其意义

目的：探讨Th17/Treg在评估重症肺炎病情和预后中作用。方法收集2011年6月至2013年6月我院确诊并住院治疗的重症肺炎患者400例,正常对照者200例。流式细胞术分析重症肺炎组和对照组外周血Th17细胞和Treg细胞的百分率,酶联免疫吸附实验( enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测各组外周血细胞因子IL-17和IL-10的表达水平。结果重症肺炎患者外周血Th17和Treg的百分率及细胞因子IL-17较对照组均明显升高,而IL-10表达水平明显低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义( P<0．05)。进一步分析显示重症肺炎中继发多器官功能衰竭综合症( multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, MODS)组患者Th17和Treg的百分率,外周血IL-17表达水平均明显高于非MODS组,外周血IL-10表达水平明显低于非MODS组,差异均具有统计学意义( P<0．05)。死亡患者Th17和Treg的百分率,外周血IL-17表达水平均明显高于存活组,外周血IL-10表达水平明显低于存活组,差异均具有统计学意义( P<0．05)。结论 Th17/Treg失衡参与了重症肺炎的发生发展,检测外周血Th17和Treg的百分率及其相应细胞因子水平对评估重症肺炎的病情和预后有重要的临床意义。     

The cytokine milieu in the interplay of pathogenic Th1/Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in autoimmune disease

The propagation and regulation of an immune response is driven by a network of effector and regulatory T (Treg) cells. The interplay of effector T and Treg cells determines the direction of the immune response towards inflammation or its resolution in an autoimmune disease setting. In autoimmune diseases, this interplay shifts the balance in favor of the development of autoreactive effector T cells, resulting in inflammatory pathology. The objective of an effective therapeutic approach for autoimmune disease is to restore this balance. In this review, we describe the characteristics and development of pathogenic T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells and the beneficial Treg cells in autoimmune diseases and the crucial roles of the cytokine milieu in influencing the balance of these T-cell subsets. Given the importance of cytokines, we discuss current immunotherapeutic strategies using cytokine or cytokine receptor antibodies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.     

Interleukin-17 in host defence against bacterial,mycobacterial and fungal pathogens

The mammalian immune system is intricately regulated, allowing for potent pathogen-specific immunity to be rapidly activated in response to infection with a broad and diverse array of potential pathogens. As a result of their ability to differentiate into distinct effector lineages, CD4 T cells significantly contribute to pathogen-specific adaptive immune responses. Through the production of effector cytokines, CD4 T helper (Th) cells orchestrate the precise mobilization of specific immune cells to eradicate infection. The protective effects of the newly identified lineage of Th17 cells against pathogens like Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter rodentium and Candida albicans indicate the capacity of Th17 cells to confer protection against extracellular bacterial and fungal pathogens, filling a critical void in host immunity not covered by the classically described Th1 lineage that activates immunity to intracellular pathogens or the Th2 lineage that is important in protection against mucosal parasitic pathogens. Host defence by Th17 cells extends beyond protection against extracellular bacterial and fungal pathogens, as demonstrated in infections against intracellular bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica, as well as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Herein, we summarize both experimental data from mouse infection models and epidemiological studies in humans that demonstrate the protective effects of interleukin-17 and Th17 CD4 T cells in immunity to bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal pathogens.     

角蛋白17上HLA-DRB1*07限制性T细胞表位的确定

目的对银屑病自身抗原——角蛋白17的HLA-DRB1＊Cr7限制性T细胞表位进行确定。方法在前期已确定角蛋白17的HLA-DRB1＊Cr7限制性T细胞表位区试验基础上，借助互联网服务器对其中的T细胞表位进行分析预测，人工合成T细胞表位DNA并进行GST融合表达和纯化；分离纯化外周血T细胞，将各融合表位肽段分别与正常人和银屑病患者的T细胞体外作用，检测T细胞增殖程度和培养上清中IFN-γ水平变化，从而筛选出强反应性表位。结果角蛋白17的S1（118．132）、S2（169．183）、S4（323．337）和S4（348．362）表位能够显著地促进银屑病患者T细胞增殖和IFN-γ分泌，与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．001）。结论S1（118～132）（VRALEEANTELEVKI）、S2（169～183）（ANILLQIDNARLAAD）、S4（323～337）（MQALEIELQSQLSMK）和S4（348～362）（ENRYCVQLSQIQGLI）是银屑病特异性强反应性HLA-DRB1＊07限制性T细胞表位。本研究为以后研究银屑病的免疫发病机制和治疗打下了一定基础。     

Clinical significance of the ratio between FOXP3 positive regulatory T cell and interleukin-17 secreting cell in renal allograft biopsies with acute T-cell-mediated rejection

The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical significance of the ratio between interleukin-17 (IL-17) secreting cell and FOXP3-positive regulatory T cell (FOXP3(+) Treg) infiltration in renal allograft tissues with acute T-cell-mediated rejection (ATCMR). Fifty-six patients with biopsy-proven ATCMR were included. Infiltration of FOXP3(+) Treg and IL-17-secreting cells was evaluated with immunostaining for FOXP3 or IL-17 on the biopsy specimens, and the patients were divided into the FOXP3 high group (Log FOXP3/IL-17 > 0·45) or the IL-17 high group (Log FOXP3/IL-17 < 0·45). We compared the allograft function, severity of tissue injury, and clinical outcome between the two groups. In the IL-17 high group, allograft function was significantly decreased compared with the FOXP3 high group (P < 0·05). The severity of interstitial and tubular injury in the IL-17 high group was higher than the FOXP3 high group (P < 0·05). The proportions of steroid-resistant rejection, incomplete recovery and recurrent ATCMR were higher in the IL-17 high group than in the FOXP3 high group (all indicators, P < 0·05). The IL-17 high group showed lower 1-year (54% versus 90%, P < 0·05) and 5-year (38% versus 85%, P < 0·05) allograft survival rates compared with the FOXP3 high group. Multivariate analysis revealed that the FOXP3/IL-17 ratio was a significant predictor for allograft outcome. The FOXP3/IL-17 ratio is a useful indicator for representing the severity of tissue injury, allograft dysfunction and for predicting the clinical outcome of ATCMR.