瘢痕疙瘩中核心蛋白聚糖和双糖链蛋白多糖mRNA表达及意义

目的 检测瘢痕疙瘩中两种小分子蛋白多糖核心蛋白聚糖(decorin)和双糖链蛋白多糖(biglycan) mRNA表达.方法 以含decorin/biglycan cDNA重组质粒为模板,体外转录合成decorin/biglycan cRNA探针,采用cRNA-mRNA原位杂交技术,检测增生性瘢痕疙瘩、成熟瘢痕和正常皮肤组织中decorin和biglycan mRNA表达.结果 增生性瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中decorin mRNA表达水平较成熟瘢痕和正常皮肤组织减少(P <0.01),成熟瘢痕与正常皮肤组织相比差异无统计学意义(P >0.05).增生性瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中biglycan mRNA水平与成熟瘢痕组织相比显著增高(P <0.01).在正常皮肤组织中,biglycan mRNA仅由表皮中分化的角朊细胞(棘细胞和颗粒细胞)表达;真皮成纤维细胞中未见表达信号.结论 小分子蛋白多糖decorin和biglycan mRNA表达在增生性瘢痕疙瘩中发生改变,提示与瘢痕疙瘩的形成有关.     

微纤维蛋白1在病理性瘢痕中的表达及意义

目的 检测微纤维蛋白1(FBN1)在瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕的表达情况,研究其与TGF-β1的相关性,探讨病理性瘢痕发生的分子机理.方法 用RT-PCR法检测瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕和正常皮肤三种组织中FBNI和TGF-β1mRNA的表达量并进行相关性分析;用免疫组化的方法对FBN1蛋白在人类皮肤组织的表达进行定位及半定量研究.结果 FBN1 mRNA在瘢痕疙瘩(0.802±0.116)高于正常皮肤(0.252±0.067)218.25%(P<0.01),增生性瘢痕(0.628±0.144)较正常皮肤增高149.21%(P>0.05).TGF-β1在瘢痕疙瘩较正常皮肤和增生性瘢痕分别增高200.27%和92.81%(均为P<0.01);FBNI和TGF-β1 mRNA在上述标本中的表达量呈正性相关(r=0.820,P<0.01).FBN1蛋白主要在人类皮肤组织的表皮、毛囊和汗腺的基底膜以及真皮层的血管内皮细胞、部分成纤维细胞和细胞外基质中表达阳性.在真皮层,FBN1蛋白在瘢痕疙瘩(0.117±0.042)表达量较正常皮肤(0.185±0.043)和增生性瘢痕(0.181±0.048)分别减少36.76%和35.36%(均为P<0.01).结论 FBN1在瘢痕疙瘩表达异常,它是瘢痕疙瘩相关基因(瘢痕相关基因),可能通过参与TGF-β1信号通路的调节影响病理性瘢痕的发生.     

瘢痕疙瘩中Smads表达的研究

目的 探讨不同类型Smads在瘢痕疙瘩、正常瘢痕和正常皮肤中的差异表达及其意义.方法 采用RT-PCR和Western Blot法分别对10例瘢痕疙瘩、10例正常瘢痕及10例正常皮肤组织,以及体外培养瘢痕疙瘩、正常瘢痕及正常皮肤成纤维细胞中的Smads mRNA及蛋白的表达水平进行检测.用t检验比较其表达差异,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义.结果 在瘢痕疙瘩组织及瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中,Smad7的mRNA及蛋白水平表达明显低于正常瘢痕(P<0.05)和正常皮肤(P<0.05),而Smad2、3的mRNA及蛋白水平表达以及磷酸化的Smad2、3的蛋白水平表达并无明显改变(P>0.05).结论 在瘢痕疙瘩中,存在有Smad7的表达缺陷,这可能是增高的转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)/Smads信号传导不能被自身负反馈循环终止的重要原因.     

氧化苦参碱抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞胶原合成作用机制的初步研究

目的 研究氧化苦参碱抑制体外培养的人瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原合成的作用机制.方法 将不同浓度的氧化苦参碱作用于人瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞,分别培养24、48、72h后,采用Western blot检测TGF-β/Smad信号转导通路中信号分子TGF-β1,TβRⅠ,TβRⅡ,Smad3,Smad4和Smad7的表达,对阳性信号分子采用RT-PCR进一步检测其mRNA的表达.结果 Western blot结果显示,不同浓度的氧化苦参碱对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中TGF-β1,TβRⅠ,TβRⅡ,Smad4和Smad7蛋白的表达无明显的影响,但是对Smad3蛋白表达具有明显抑制作用;RT-PCR结果显示,Smad3 mRNA的表达也受到明显抑制.结论 氧化苦参碱可以抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞胶原合成,作用机制可能是通过抑制TGF-β/Smad信号通路中Smad3的表达.     

甲基化酶抑制剂5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞TGF-β/smad信号通路的影响

目的 探讨甲基化酶抑制剂5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞TGF-β/smad信号通路的影响.方法 收集瘢痕疙瘩及正常皮肤组织各15例,免疫组化检测磷酸化smad2(p-smad2)和磷酸化smad3(p-smad3)在瘢痕疙瘩和正常皮肤中的阳性表达率;将瘢痕疙瘩分为实验组和对照组,实验组以5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷(5×10-5mmol/L)干预,对照组用等量的DMEM培养液,采用组织块法培养人瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞,流式细胞仪分析5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷(5×10-5mol/L)对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞周期及凋亡的影响;Western blot检测各组p-smad2、p-smad3、TGF-β1和smad7的表达变化;细胞免疫荧光染色法观察各组瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞内p-smad2和p-smad3蛋白的影响.结果 瘢痕疙瘩组织中p-smad2和p-smad3阳性表达率明显高于正常皮肤组织中p-smad2和p-smad3阳性表达.流式细胞仪显示5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷干预瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞后,细胞停滞于G0/G1期比例增加并且细胞凋亡率增加,瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中p-smad2和p-smad3蛋白的表达减少,同时,TGF-β1蛋白表达减少,smad7蛋白表达回升.此外,5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷抑制smad2和smad3磷酸化及核转移.结论 甲基化酶抑制剂5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷可抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的增殖及促进其凋亡,其作用机制可能与抑制TGF-β/smad信号通路有关.     

血小板源生长因子受体α和β在瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中表达的差异性研究

目的：研究血小板源生长因子受体（platelet-derived growth factor receptor,PDGFR）-α和PDGFR-β在瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中的表达差异。方法：分别应用免疫细胞化学、western blot及荧光定量RT-PCR技术,检测瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞和正常皮肤成纤维细胞中PDGFR-α和PDGFR-β的蛋白和mRNA表达。结果：与正常皮肤成纤维细胞相比,瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中PDGFR-α的蛋白和mRNA表达都显著升高（P=0．00,0．00,0．02）,而PDGFR-β蛋白和mRNA表达的升高不显著（P=0．07,0．06,0．06）。结论：PDGFR-α表达升高与瘢痕疙瘩形成密切相关,可能是其病因机制之一。     

腺病毒介导hIL-24基因对瘢痕疙瘩表达Bcl-2等细胞因子的影响

目的：研究重组腺病毒介导hIL-24基因对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞表达Bcl—2、IL-6和TGF—β1的影响,探讨IL-24基因对瘢痕疙瘩的生物学作用。方法：体外培养人正常皮肤及瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞,用含有hIL-24基因的腺病毒载体感染瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞,应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ABC—ELISa）检测人正常皮肤及瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中的Bcl-2、IL-6和TGF—β1的表达水平。结果：瘢痕疙瘩组的Bcl-2、IL-6和TGF-β1表达水平明显高于正常皮肤组;瘢痕疙瘩感染Ad．IL-24组的Bcl-2、IL-6和TGF-β1表达水平都低于腺病毒空载体组和瘢痕疙瘩组。结论：IL-24基因可抑制瘢痕疙瘩戍纤维细胞表达Bcl-2、IL-6和TGF—β1。     

AMPK激动剂干预瘢痕疙瘩形成过程的实验研究

目的探索AMPK激动剂对瘢痕疙瘩(Keloid)形成过程的干扰作用,为瘢痕疙瘩的临床治疗提供新的思路。方法通过缺氧环境及不同浓度(0 ng/m L、2.5 ng/m L、5 ng/m L、10 ng/m L和20.0 ng/m L)TGF-β1诱导人皮肤成纤维细胞表型向瘢痕疙瘩相关细胞表型转化,并通过细胞形态学及Western blot检测来验证诱导结果。随后加入不同剂量(2.5μmol、5μmol、10μmol和20μmol)AMPK激动剂(A769662),通过细胞形态学观察、Western blot检测及ELISA检测,观察AMPK激动剂对人皮肤成纤维细胞表型向瘢痕疙瘩相关细胞表型转化的干预作用。结果在缺氧条件下及加入不同浓度TGF-β1后,人皮肤成纤维细胞形态会发生改变,纺锤形态丧失;在TGF-β1浓度不断增加至10 ng/m L的过程中,TGF-β1刺激人皮肤成纤维细胞增殖并向肌成纤维细胞转化;而浓度继续增加时,效果出现停滞并有逆转趋势;在同一TGF-β1浓度诱导下,随着加入AMPK激动剂剂量的增加,人皮肤成纤维细胞表型向瘢痕疙瘩相关细胞表型转化过程被逐步干预;在缺氧环境下,人皮肤成纤维细胞中VEGF和IL-6的表达均明显提高,在TGF-β1诱导下,VEGF和IL-6的合成进一步增加,而随着AMPK激动剂的添加,VEGF和IL-6的表达逐步减少。结论 AMPK激动剂能干预由缺氧及TGF-β1诱导的人皮肤成纤维细胞表型向瘢痕疙瘩相关细胞表型转化的过程。     

核心蛋白聚糖和光蛋白聚糖在体外培养的瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中的表达

目的:研究体外培养的瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中两种小分子蛋白聚糖(核心蛋白聚糖和光蛋白聚糖)的表达水平,探讨这两种蛋白聚糖与瘢痕疙瘩发生机制的关系。方法:采用实时PCR(Real-timePCR)和WesternBlot方法,研究体外培养的瘢痕疙瘩和正常皮肤成纤维细胞中核心蛋白聚糖和光蛋白聚糖的mRNA和蛋白表达水平,并进行比较分析。结果:不同患者来源的瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞中核心蛋白聚糖的mRNA表达水平差异较大,最高表达水平是最低表达水平的5.6倍。瘢痕疙瘩和正常皮肤的培养成纤维细胞中,核心蛋白聚糖和光蛋白聚糖在基因和蛋白表达水平上无显著性差异。结论:核心蛋白聚糖和光蛋白聚糖在体外培养的单层瘢痕疙瘩和正常皮肤成纤维细胞中的表达无特异性改变,它们在瘢痕疙瘩形成过程中所起的作用尚有待进一步研究。     

重组人核心蛋白多糖固相拮抗转化生长因子β1对瘢痕成纤维细胞的刺激作用

目的模拟人体内核心蛋白多糖和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)接触方式,观察核心蛋白多糖固相拮抗TGF-β1刺激瘢痕成纤维细胞的效果.方法制备成纤维细胞胶原网格(FPCL)体外三维培养模型,将其分为4组.对照组向FPCL中加入培养液;核心蛋白多糖组向FPCL中混入终浓度2 mg/L的重组人核心蛋白多糖,再加入培养液;TGF-β1组向FPCL中加入含5 μg/L TGF-β1的培养液;TGF-β1+核心蛋白多糖组向FPCL中混入终浓度2 mg/L的重组人核心蛋白多糖,然后加入含5μg/L TGF-β1的培养液.在培养12、24、48、72、96 h时观察各组FPCL的收缩情况,并用蛋白质印迹法与逆转录聚合酶链反应分别检测FPCL中瘢痕成纤维细胞Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子1(PAI-1)、α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的蛋白及mRNA表达水平.结果各培养时相点下,TGF-β1组FPCL收缩比对照组明显增强,核心蛋白多糖组FPCL收缩则比对照组明显减弱.TGF-β1组的PAI-1、α-SMA的蛋白及相应mRNA表达水平(3 482±211、4 320±272;0.89±0.15、0.56±0.11)显著高于对照组(1 764±147、1 699±146;0.29±0.06、0.21±0.06,P＜0.01);其余两组相应检测指标与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论重组人核心蛋白多糖混入胶原凝胶,可显著抑制TGF-β1对瘢痕成纤维细胞的刺激作用,表明在体外核心蛋白多糖具有拮抗TGF-β1的作用.提示皮肤组织损伤后,由于创面机械性缺少核心蛋白多糖,TGF-β1活性上调,可能是瘢痕增生的一个重要因素.     

转化生长因子β1基因转染兔颞下颌关节滑膜间充质干细胞及其表达

目的 构建TGF-β1基因的重组腺相关病毒载体并将其转入兔颞下颌关节滑膜间充质干细胞(SMSCs)中,对转染后外源性TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白的表达进行检测.方法 含TGF-β1全长cDNA的质粒pCMV6-XL4和质粒pAAV-MCS用EcoR Ⅰ+Xba Ⅰ进行双酶切后连接,转化大肠杆菌DHSα感受态细胞,获得重组质粒pAAV-MCS-TGF-β1.通过酶切和DNA测序鉴定重组质粒的正确性.采用磷酸钙共沉淀法,以重组质粒pAAV-MCS-TGF-β1和pAAV-RC、pHelper共转染AAV-293细胞,产生具有传染性的病毒颗粒;斑点杂交方法检测重组病毒的滴度,并转染体外培养的SMSCs.以逆转录一聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、Western blot分别检测目的 基因及蛋白的表达.结果 成功地构建TGF-β1基因腺相关病毒重组质粒,病毒滴度约为3.6×1013vp/ml,感染的SMSCs能稳定、高效地表达外源性目的 基因及蛋白.结论 重组腺相关病毒载体rAAV-TGF-β1能有效感染SMSCs并表达目的基因.     

Synergistic action of inflammation and lipid dysmetabolism on kidney damage in rats

In kidney disease, inflammation and lipid dysmetabolism are often associated together, however, the effect and mechanism of inflammatory mediators and lipid dysmetabolism on kidney damage is still unclear. In this study, Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: normal diet?+?saline (Group N), high-fat diet (HF)+?saline (Group HF), normal diet?+?adriamycin (Group ADR), HF?+?adriamycin (Group ADR?+?HF). After 10?weeks of feeding, rats in each group were randomly sacrificed. We found that the protein content of urine in ADR and ADR?+?HF groups were significantly higher than that of group N and HF while the serum levels of total protein and albumin in the ADR and ADR?+?HF groups decreased correspondingly. The serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in the HF, ADR and ADR?+?HF groups increased. In the treatment groups, mesangial proliferation, matrix accumulation, tubular vacuolization, inflammatory cell infiltration and fat deposition were detected. These pathological changes were the most serious in the ADR?+?HF group. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were increased in each treatment group, especially in the ADR?+?HF group. Our results suggested that the inflammatory factors and abnormal lipid levels can activate the inflammatory response in kidney of the Wistar rats, and lead to a series of pathological changes in renal tissue, and inflammatory factors and lipid dysmetabolism can aggravate damage in the kidney.     

Premature senescence and cellular phenotype transformation of mesangial cells induced by TGF-B1

Abstract

Background: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily of cytokines and performs many cellular functions. Its overexpression may lead to renal fibrosis. Aim: This study planed to investigate the effects of TGF-β1 on the cell cycle and phenotype of mesangial cells. Methods: Rat mesangial cells were cultured together with different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5, and 10?ng/mL) of TGF-β1 for specified times from 0?min to 72?h. 0?ng/mL TGF-β1 and 0?min served as controls. Cell cycles were assessed by flow cytometry and α-smooth muscle actin expression (α-SMA) protein expression by western blot analysis. All data were presented as Mean?±?SD. Statistical analysis was performed by using one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis. Results were considered significant at p?<?0.05. Results: After 15?min of co-culture with different concentrations of TGF-β1, the percentage of mesangial cells in G0/G1 phase was significantly elevated compared to the control (p?<?0.05). 12?h co-culture induced cell hyperplasia, 24?h co-culture obvious up-regulation of α-SMA (p?<?0.01) and one or two cells’ myofibroblast phenotype transition, and 36?h co-culture several cells’ phenotype transition. Correlation analysis prompted that the TGF-β1-induced premature aging was time-dependent (p?<?0.01). Conclusion: TGF-β1 may induce mesangial cells’ premature senescence and myofibroblast-like phenotype transformation time-dependently, which may contribute to the development of early stage of glomerulosclerosis.     

Efficacy of antisense monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in a rat model of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis

Abstract

Objective: The effects of inhibition of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) on a rat model of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) were evaluated. Methods: The anti-Thy-1 MsPGN model was developed by intravenously injecting anti-Thy-1 monoclonal antibodies into rats, followed by an injection of mesangial cells transfected with antisense MCP-1 into the renal artery. Exogenous cells were detected by in situ hybridization. Rats (40 total) were randomly divided into five groups: SO (sham operation), TG (Thy-1 glomerulonephritis model), MC (non-transfected normal rat mesangial cell), BC (pLXSN empty vector or blank control), and AM (antisense MCP-1 transfection) groups. Effects of exogenous MCP-1 on urinary protein excretion rate, biochemical parameters, and pathological changes were evaluated. Expression of MCP-1 and transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) were detected by immunohistochemistry. mRNA expression of MCP-1, TGF-β₁, and CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) were detected by RT-PCR. Results: Exogenous MCP-1 cDNA was successfully transfected into mesangial cells. Exogenous mesangial cells were detected in glomeruli by in situ hybridization. Glomerular mesangial cell proliferation, 24-h urinary protein excretion rate, mRNA expression of MCP-1, TGF-β₁, and CCR2, and protein expression of MCP-1 all decreased in the AM group as compared to the control group (p?<?0.05), but there was no significant difference in the expression level of TGF-β₁ protein. Conclusions: (1) Mesangial cells can be used as a vector to transfect exogenous genes into kidneys; (2) antisense MCP-1 decreases mesangial cell proliferation and pathological injury in MsPGN model rats by decreasing expression of MCP-1 and CCR2; and (3) antisense MCP-1 suppressed mesangial cell proliferation and matrix accumulation in anti-Thy-1 MsPGN model rats, which did not entirely depend on TGF-β_1.     

金雀异黄素对5/6肾切除鼠肾脏的保护作用

目的：探讨金雀异黄素对5/6肾切除鼠肾脏的保护作用。方法：将5/6肾切除鼠分为金雀异黄素组（Gen）和对照组（Con）,同时设假手术组（Sham）为正常对照。检测各组术前、术后第4、8周各组尿蛋白、血肌酐、尿素氮、血白蛋白、总蛋白等指标,观察第8周肾组织的病理改变情况,采用Rajj半定量方法值评估肾小球硬化指数。应用免疫组化方法检测肾组织中纤维连接蛋白（FN）和Ⅳ型胶原（ColⅣ）原沉积情况。分别采用RT-PCR法和WesternBlot法检测肾组织中转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）mRNA转录以及蛋白质表达情况。结果：与对照组相比,金雀异黄素组尿蛋白排泄量明显减少,血肌酐、尿素氮水平下降（P〈0.01）。肾小球硬化程度减轻,肾小球内FN和ColⅣ沉积显著减少。TGF-β1mRNA及其蛋白质表达明显减弱（P〈0.05）。结论：金雀异黄素对5/6肾切除鼠肾脏病变有部分保护作用,其机制可能与其减少细胞外基质（ECM）蓄积、抑制TGF-β1的表达有关。     

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Gene Polymorphism in Renal Transplant Recipients

Background. Cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF) is involved in regulation of tissue repair after injury. More recently, TGF–β1 codon 10 gene polymorphism has been shown to be associated with circulating TGF-β levels. We tested whether TGF-β1 genotype polymorphism was predictive of renal allograft function decline. Patients and Methods. The study population consisted of 129 consecutive cadaveric or living related renal transplant recipients at our center between 1985 and 2001. The recipient TGF-β1 genotype polymorphism was determined from peripheral blood leucocytes DNA. The primary endpoint was rate of glomerular filtration rate decline between the first year and the third year of transplant. Results. Baseline glomerular filtration rate as estimated by MDRD study equation at 1 year measured 50 ± 17 mL/min/1.73 m². At the end of the 3-year follow-up period, 52 patients (40%) experienced biopsy-confirmed acute rejections. Frequency and severity of allograft rejection did not differ with TGF-β genotypes. However, the decline in glomerular filtration rate was significantly greater in Leu/Leu (TT) than Leu/Pro (CT) recipients, 6.3 ± 16.9 mL/min/1.73 m² versus 0.1±10.2 mL/min/1.73 m², p = 0.04. Conclusion. Our results demonstrate that recipient TGF-β1 codon 10 Leu/Leu homozygosity is a potential risk factor of kidney allograft function decline.     

人组织型激肽释放酶基因对大鼠糖尿病肾病的影响及其机制

目的：探讨人组织型激肽释放酶基因（human tissue kallikrein,HK）对糖尿病肾病（diabetic nephropathy,DN）的影响及其机制。方法：48只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为普通饲料组（即正常组）和高脂高糖饲料组。高脂高糖饲料组以小剂量链脲佐菌素加高脂高糖饮食诱导2型糖尿病（diabete mellitus,DM）模型,造模后随机分为两组,分别经尾静脉导入重组腺相关病毒（recombinant adeno-associated viruses,rAAV）介导的HK基因（HK组）以及报告基因beta-半乳糖苷酶（beta-galac-tosidase,LacZ）（LacZ组）,观察12周后处死实验动物,留取心、肝、肾等组织。Western blot检测HK在各组织的表达。PAS染色观察肾小球硬化情况,天狼猩红染色观察肾脏纤维化情况。24h尿微量白蛋白（microalbuminuria,mAlb）与尿渗透压检测评定肾功能,免疫组织化学以及Western blot检测肾脏转化生长因子-β1（transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1）的表达。结果：rAAV介导的HK可在2型DM大鼠的肝脏、肾脏、心脏表达,而且相较于LacZ组且表达增强;PAS染色显示：LacZ组肾脏出现中度的肾小球系膜细胞及基质增生,血管周围间质细胞浸润,血管壁增厚,以及肾小囊滴状病变和毛细血管纤维帽。另外肾小管大量的空泡变性,肾小管腔内出现较多蛋白质管型,HK组较LacZ组明显好转;天狼星红染色显示：LacZ组肾脏间质、血管壁胶原沉积,肾小球细动脉管壁增厚,而HK组病变较轻（P〈0.05）;24hmAlb排泄量LacZ组比正常组明显增加（P〈0.05）,HK组较LacZ组排泄量显著下降（P〈0.05）。LacZ组与正常组比较,尿渗透压明显下降（P〈0.05）,HK组较LacZ组显著上升（P〈0.05）;TGF-β1主要表达于LacZ组的肾小管上皮细胞,HK组较LacZ组TGF-β1明显下调（P〈0.05）。结论：HK基因明显改善DN,保护肾功能,原因可能与下调肾脏TGF-β1的表达有关。     

替米沙坦对糖尿病大鼠肾小球表达整合素α3β1的影响

目的 观察整合素α3β1在糖尿病大鼠肾小球的表达以及替米沙坦对其影响&#65377;方法 制备糖尿病大鼠模型,随机将动物分为糖尿病组&#65380;治疗组, 另设对照组&#65377;治疗组给予替米沙坦3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1&#65377;6周后,检测各组24 h尿白蛋白定量&#65380;肌酐清除率&#65380;血糖&#65380;血胰岛素&#65380;血压&#65380;肾重/体重;免疫组化法检测肾小球整合素α3β1表达部位及表达水平&#65377;分离肾小球,Western印迹法检测肾小球整合素α3β1蛋白表达水平&#65377; RT-PCR 检测肾小球TGF-β1mRNA 的表达&#65377;光镜下观察肾组织病理改变;电镜下观察肾组织超微结构变化&#65377;结果 免疫组化结果显示,正常大鼠整合素α3β1主要沿肾小球血管袢呈线性表达,系膜区有少量表达&#65377;糖尿病组肾小球整合素α3β1表达比正常对照组明显减弱;替米沙坦治疗组整合素α3β1表达较糖尿病组明显增加,24 h尿白蛋白定量及其它肾功能指标以及病理改变明显改善,血压无明显变化, 肾小球TGF-β1mRNA表达比糖尿病组显著下降&#65377;结论 替米沙坦可以减少糖尿病肾病大鼠早期的尿蛋白,改善病理变化,保护肾功能,其作用机制可能部分通过减少TGF-β1表达,上调整合素α3β1表达而实现&#65377;     

β1转化生长因子体外诱导入表皮干细胞分化为成纤维细胞的初步研究

目的探讨β1转化生长因子（transforming growth factorp1,TGF-β1）诱导入表皮干细胞（human epidermal stemcells,hESCs）分化与瘢痕形成之间存在的关联。方法将包皮环切术后的包皮用中性蛋白水解酶消化,采用改良的Ⅳ型胶原选择黏附法分离、培养,传代至第3代时经过hESCs表面标志物β1整合素和CK19检测,证实为hESCs后接种于24孔板,随机分为3组：3d组、7d组、空白对照组,前两组分别加入梯度浓度的TGF-β1（0．1、5．0、10．0ng／m1）诱导,采用HE常规染色及Masson胶原特殊染色、免疫组织化学染色等手段检测量波形蛋白表达和羟脯氨酸试剂盒法测量各组上清液中胶原含量。结果hESCs在TGF-β1诱导下,形态由圆形转变为梭形类成纤维细胞样,Masson胶原染色阳性,释放到细胞上清液中的胶原浓度,均显著高于对照组,抗-波形蛋白染色阳性率各组都至少在（95．00±1．20）％以上,大于对照组的（5．70±0．20）％（P〈0．05）。结论结果表明,hESCs与病理性瘢痕发生关系极其密切,在TGF-β1体外诱导下向成纤维细胞分化,分泌胶原,提示在病理性瘢痕的发生中,hESCs可能是活化的成纤维细胞的另一个来源,hESCs可能参与瘢痕增生发生过程。