急性心肌梗死急诊冠状动脉介入治疗后ST段下降幅度与预后的关系及影响因素

目的研究ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死(STEMI)急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后ST段抬高的相关因素及临床事件的发生情况。方法将102例STEMI急诊PCI病人分为抬高的ST段下降幅度小于50%组(A组)与大于50%组(B组),分析STEMI急诊PCI后2h内ST段抬高的最高导联的ST段下降幅度的相关因素及其与临床事件发生的关系。结果A组与B组比较,A组年龄较大、前壁心肌梗死较多、心功能Killip分级≥Ⅱ级较多、肌酸磷酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)峰值较高、PCI术后院内发生严重心力衰竭、恶性心律失常、梗死后心绞痛、心源性死亡较多(P<0.05)。结论对心电图抬高的ST段下降幅度的分析是一项相对简单、可行性较好的心肌组织水平的再灌注评估指标,入院Killip分级≥Ⅱ级、前壁心肌梗死是心电图抬高的ST段下降幅度小于50%的独立预测因素。     

乙酰胆碱试验诱发冠状动脉痉挛时的心电图改变

目的:探讨冠状动脉痉挛发生时的心电图变化规律。方法:64名因胸痛而接受冠状动脉造影的患者,排除具有缺血意义的病变后进行乙酰胆碱试验,术中进行包括胸前V1,3,5在内的9导联心电图记录,比较阳性组和阴性组心电图ST段、T波变化及各种心律失常情况。结果:乙酰胆碱试验阳性组(n=46)中ST段抬高者为19.60%,阴性组(n=18)无ST段抬高(P<0.05);ST段压低者分别为39.1%及11.1%(P<0.05);出现T波高尖者分别为82.6%和16.7%(P<0.001),阳性者ST段变化幅度与冠状动脉痉挛发生时的狭窄程度呈正相关(r=0.62,P=0.042),其中ST段抬高患者的冠状动脉痉挛时狭窄程度均在99% 以上;两组心律失常的发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:短暂性冠状动脉痉挛不一定伴有ST段抬高,ST段变化与冠状动脉痉挛程度有关,而T波高尖町能比缺血性ST段改变更敏感。试验中的心律失常可能与乙酰胆碱的药理作用有关而与冠状动脉痉挛无关。     

aVR导联对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征冠状动脉病变的预测价值简

目的 通过与冠状动脉造影对比,研究aVR导联ST段改变的特征对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征病变血管的预测价值.方法 分析625例非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者一般资料、心电图、超声心动图及冠状动脉造影结果.结果 aVR导联无ST段抬高组（n=537）、ST段抬高0.05～0.1 mrn组（n=58）、ST段抬高＞0.1 mm组（n=30）的左心室射血分数分别为53.6％±7.2％、50.2％±6.8％、48.2％±6.4％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.003）;恶性心律失常（室性心动过速或心室颤动）发生率分别为3.4％、8.6％、13.3％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.008）;病死率分别为2.2％、5.2％、10％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.026）;左主干和（或）三支病变的发生率分别为24.8％、37.9％、56.7％,3组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.0005）.结论 非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者出现aVR导联ST段抬高对判断左主干或三支病变有预测价值,应引起高度重视.     

延迟冠状动脉介入治疗对急性心肌梗死患者预后的影响

目的探讨延迟经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PC I）对急性心肌梗死（AM I）患者预后的影响。方法对38例ST段抬高的AM I患者经静脉溶栓后常规行延迟PC I（延迟组）,然后与经静脉溶栓后药物保守治疗（对照组）的34例患者进行对比分析,观察住院期间和随访6个月时的临床不良事件和超声心动图的变化。结果与保守治疗比较,常规施行延迟PC I可以降低住院期间的病死率（0%vs15%,P<0.05）,缩短平均住院时间（15 dvs28 d,P<0.05）,减少住院期间心绞痛发作（5%vs35%,P<0.05）及再次心肌梗死（0%vs9%,P<0.05）;还可以明显降低6个月病死率（3%vs12%,P<0.05）和再住院率（8%vs26%,P<0.05）,防止左心室进一步重构,改善患者心脏功能。结论常规施行延迟PC I可以提高AM I患者住院期间和6个月的治疗效果,改善临床预后。     

急性心肌梗死经急诊PCI后心电图ST段下降幅度与糖化血红蛋白相关性的观察

目的观察急性心肌梗死经急诊冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后心电图ST段下降幅度与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的相关性。方法将急诊PCI术成功后1 h的18导联心电图(ECG)与入院当时ECG比较,分别测定梗死相关导联最大ST段高度,按抬高的ST段下降幅度分为A组:ST段下降≥50%,B组:ST段下降<50%,均测定HbA1c,并确定是否合并糖尿病,对其相关性的观察进行比较。结果 A组患者经急诊PCI后心电图ST段下降幅度大,HbA1c数值偏低,合并糖尿病患者较少,而B组患者经急诊PCI后心电图ST段下降幅度小,HbA1c数值偏高,合并糖尿病患者较多,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论急性心肌梗死经急诊PCI术后心电图ST段下降幅度与HbA1c数值明显相关,可以作为早期干预临床治疗的实用指标,并进一步指导AMI的临床治疗。     

aVR导联ST段改变的特征对NSTE-ACS患者病变血管的预测价值

目的探讨a VR导联ST段改变的特征对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者病变血管的预测价值。方法入选2013年10月~2015年12月期间住院治疗的NSTE-ACS患者81例,其中心电图a VR导联ST段抬高者24例,非ST段抬高者57例,比较a VR导联ST段抬高与患者心功能指标、冠状动脉(冠脉)造影结果的差异,比较不同a VR导联ST段抬高程度对患者左冠脉主干合并多支病变的预测能力。结果 a VR导联ST段抬高组患者的收缩压、舒张压、心率、肌钙蛋白I水平均高于a VR导联非ST段抬高组,差异具有统计学差异(P0.05);a VR导联ST段抬高组患者的左心室射血分数,低于a VR导联非ST段抬高组,差异具有统计学差异(P0.05)。a VR导联ST段抬高组患者冠脉造影左冠脉主干病变(29.17%)、多支病变(58.33%)以及左冠状动脉合并多支病变(66.67%)高于a VR导联非ST段抬高组(5.26%,12.28%,15.79%),且差异具有统计学差异(P0.05)。a VR导联ST段抬高程度≥0.5mm、≥1.0 mm、≥1.5 mm预测左冠脉主干合并多支病变的灵敏度、特异度、准确率分别为(84.0%、87.50%、86.42%),(52.0%、92.86%、80.25%)和(20.0%、98.21%、74.07%)。结论 a VR导联ST段抬高对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者左冠脉主干合并多支病变具有重要的预测价值。     

束支传导阻滞对急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者预后的影响

目的探讨束支传导阻滞对急性心肌梗死（AMI）急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PC I）术后患者心功能、恶性心律失常发生率、病死率的影响。方法将AMI并行PCI术的患者分为AM I合并左束支传导阻滞组、AMI合并右束支传导阻滞组、单纯AMI组,术后3个月观察各组心功能、恶性心律失常发生率、病死率。结果与单纯AMI组比较,AMI合并束支传导阻滞组心功能障碍、恶性心律失常发生率、病死率明显升高（P均〈0.05）。AMI合并左束支传导阻滞组心功能障碍、恶性心律失常发生率及病死率较AM I合并右束支传导阻滞组明显升高（P均〈0.05）。结论 AMI患者PCI术后伴发左束支传导阻滞提示临床病情凶险,预后不良,可作为病情恶化的一个预测指标。     

急性心肌梗死时体表心电图预测左主干闭塞的临床意义

目的:分析急性冠状动脉左主干(LM)闭塞的常规心电图(ECG)表现,总结其ECG特点.方法:15例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经冠状动脉造影证实为急性LM闭塞(LM组),回顾性分析其急诊ECG表现.并选取同时期30例左前降支(LAD)近段闭塞的AMI患者(LAD组),比较2组造影前的急诊ECG表现,以求总结急性LM闭塞的常规ECG特点.结果:LM组心率快于LAD组,心律失常发生率2组差异无统计学意义.LM组中13例患者存在aVR导联ST段抬高(≥0.05 mV),发生率明显高于LAD组(分别为86.7%和36.7%,P＜0.01),同时LM组aVR导联ST段抬高幅度亦明显大于LAD组.而LM组胸前导联V1～3的ST段抬高程度则明显低于LAD组.aVR导联ST段抬高＞0.05 mV诊断急性LM闭塞的敏感性为90%,特异性为63.3%.如果同时再满足V1～3导联ST段抬高程度＜0.5 mV,其诊断急性LM闭塞的敏感性为90%,特异性达到86.7%.结论:aVR导联ST段抬高≥0.05 mV,同时伴有V1～3导联ST段抬高不明显、甚至压低是急性LM闭塞区别于LAD闭塞的ECG特点,结合临床表现,分析ECG特点可能有助于造影前预测此类患者和进行风险评价.     

急性心肌梗死直接PTCA后早期ST段改变及其临床意义

目的探讨急性心肌梗死（AM I）行直接经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（PTCA）+支架术后心电图早期ST段回落幅度与左心室结构、功能的关系。方法首次患AM I并接受直接PTCA的患者32例。比较PTCA术前和术后1 hST段抬高的高度,按ST段下移>50%及ST段下移<50%,分别分为A组（21例）和B组（11例）。所有患者于术后4周进行临床评估和二维彩色多普勒超声心动图检查。结果随访期间两组患者均未发生死亡,A组心功能ⅢⅣ级2例,B组心功能ⅢⅣ级5例（P<0.05）。4周后A组左心室射血分数（LVEF）、收缩末容积指数（LVESVI）、舒张末容积指数（LVEDVI）和全心室壁运动指数（GWMSI）均显著优于B组（P<0.05）;梗死区室壁运动指数（RWMSI）在两组间无显著性差异。结论成功的直接PTCA后ST段的早期回落是反映心肌组织再灌注的简便可靠的指标,ST段回落>50%者的心脏功能、室壁运动及左心室重构情况明显优于ST段回落<50%者。     

急性前壁心肌梗死并发V4R导联ST段抬高患者临床观察

目的探讨急性前壁心肌梗死并发V4R导联ST段抬高患者的临床及预后情况。方法回顾性选择急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者132例,其中合并V4RST抬高组49例,未合并组83例,分别观测两组患者常规12导联心电图ST段抬高的幅度,心肌酶升高的程度,心超的左室射血分数和室壁运动,心血管事件包括发生心衰或恶性心律失常(多源室早、室速、室颤)和死亡的发生率。并分别观察两组患者冠状动脉造影的情况。结果两组患者常规12导联心电图上ST段抬高的幅度、左室射血分数、室壁运动节段性异常发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),合并V4RST抬高组49例心肌酶升高的幅度,心血管事件发生率,多支病变的发生率明显增加(P<0.01)。结论急性前壁ST段抬高心肌梗死也需常规加做18导联心电图。这样可以更好地评估前壁心肌梗死患者的心脏恢复情况和预后。     

Relation between electrocardiographic ST-segment resolution and early and late outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction

ST-segment resolution (STR) is a surrogate end point in reperfusion trials of acute myocardial infarction, but there are few data regarding the optimum methods of measurement, clinical predictors, and correlation with late cardiac mortality. Consecutive patients (n = 1,005) who had acute myocardial infarction and >/=2 mm ST-segment elevation controlled with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) constituted our study group. Follow-up was obtained in 97% of patients at a median of 6.2 years. STR measured as maximum ST-segment elevation after PCI provided better discrimination of late cardiac mortality than did STR measured as percent resolution. Complete STR (<1.0 mm ST-segment elevation after PCI) was achieved in only 42% of patients. Anterior infarction, Killip's class 3 to 4, and Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow grades <2 before PCI and <3 after PCI were strong independent predictors of partial or poor STR. STR (complete [<1.0 mm] vs partial [1.0 to 2.0 mm] vs poor [>2.0 mm]) correlated with in-hospital mortality (4.0% vs 6.7% vs 11.6%, p = 0.005), reinfarction (1.4% vs 3.4% vs 6.1%, p = 0.01), and late cardiac mortality (17% vs 25% vs 44%, p <0.0001). Correlation with late mortality was stronger for nonanterior than for anterior infarction. Poor STR was a strong independent predictor of late mortality (hazard ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.50, p = 0.028), even after adjusting for Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow. These data support the use of STR as a simple method to stratify patients by risk after primary PCI for acute myocardial infarction and support the use of STR as a surrogate end point in reperfusion trials of acute myocardial infarction.     

非ST段抬高急性心肌梗死患者的临床特点及不良事件发生率分析

目的探讨非ST段抬高急性心肌梗死的临床特点及住院不良事件发生率。方法回顾性分析我院急性心肌梗死患者105例,分为ST段抬高组（n=68）和非ST段抬高组（n=37）,分析比较两组患者的冠状动脉造影特点及住院不良事件发生率。结果冠状动脉造影示病变血管数差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）;非ST段抬高组以老年人多见（71％）,其中〉60岁的女性患者占41％,相关血管不完全闭塞比例较高、累及非主支血管较多,且梗死相关血管周围多有侧支循环形成。非ST段抬高组总住院不良事件（包括心力衰竭、再次心肌梗死、再次冠脉介入治疗和脑卒中等）的发生率明显较低,差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）,但住院病死率和消化道出血发生率差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。结论非ST段抬高者以老年、女性患者居多,临床表现和冠状动脉造影的结果不典型,但有较好的近期预后。     

Prognostic value of magnesium in serum of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Background Fewer studies were performed to evaluate the relationship between magnesium level in serum and mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). In this study, we explored the association between magnesium level in serum and adverse outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing PCI. Methods All 1476 consecutive patients with STEMI undergoing PCI were divided into three groups, magnesium 0.8(n = 331), 0.8-1.0(n = 1100) and 1.0 mmol/L(n = 45)based on the levels of serum magnesium. The association between magnesium and in-hospital and one-year death was analyzed. With multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The in-hospital mortality(6.3% vs. 2.5%vs. 4.4%, P = 0.004) and major adverse clinical events(7.9% vs. 3.6% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.005) were significantly higher in patients with hypomagnesemia. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the cumulative rate of oneyear mortality after PCI was higher in patients with hypomagnesemia(Log-rank = 9.89, P = 0.007). Conclusion Hypomagnesemia is a predictor of higher in-hospital and one-year mortality after PCI for STEMI patients.     

Relation of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio to Coronary Flow to In-Hospital Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Coronary Intervention

With the growing understanding of the role of inflammation in patients with atherosclerotic disease, studies have focused on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other inflammatory markers in their association with outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The goal of this study was to investigate the association of the neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio and in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The association of hs-CRP and N/L ratio on admission with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade after PCI was assessed in 418 consecutive primary patients with PCI. The N/L ratio was significantly higher in the no-reflow group (TIMI grade 0/1/2 flow, n = 158) compared to that of the normal-flow group (TIMI grade 3 flow, n = 260, 4.6 ± 1.7 vs 3.1 ± 1.9, p <0.001). In-hospital MACEs were significantly higher in patients with no reflow (23% vs 7%, p <0.001). There was a significant and positive correlation between hs-CRP and N/L ratio (r = 0.657, p <0.001). In receiver operating characteristic analysis, N/L ratio >3.3 predicted no reflow with 74% sensitivity and 83% specificity. In a multivariate regression model, N/L ratio remained an independent correlate of no reflow (odds ratio [OR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34 to 1.76, p <0.001) and in-hospital MACEs (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.32, p = 0.043). The N/L ratio, an inexpensive and easily measurable laboratory variable, is independently associated with the development of no reflow and in-hospital MACEs in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary PCI.     

aVR导联ST段回落对非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者短期预后的评估价值

目的探讨aVR导联ST段抬高回落在非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征（NSTE-ACS）患者短期预后中的评估价值。方法纳入NSTE-ACS aVR导联抬高的患者45例;根据入院6h后aVR导联ST段是否回落分为ST段回落组（n=20）与非ST段回落组（n=25）;分析入选患者一般临床资料、心电图、冠状动脉造影结果,并对不良心脏事件的危险因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果 aVR导联ST段无回落组左主干＋三支血管病变率、30d内再发心肌梗死率、急诊PCI及冠脉旁路移植术比例均高于ST段回落组患者,具有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,aVR导联ST段无回落是入院后30d内不良心脏事件（死亡、心肌梗死及行血运重建术）独立预测因子（OR=18.54,95%CI：3.57～96.1,P〈0.001）。结论 aVR导联ST段抬高无回落的NSTE-ACS患者其预后差于ST段抬高回落者,aVR导联ST段无回落是NSTE-ACS不良心血管事件的独立预测因子。     

Implications of the absence of ST-segment elevation in lead V4R in patients who have inferior wall acute myocardial infarction with right ventricular involvement

BACKGROUND: ST-segment elevation of > or = 1.0 mm in lead V4R has been shown to be a reliable marker of right ventricular involvement (RVI), a strong predictor of a poor outcome in patients with inferior acute myocardial infarction (IMI). However, patients with no ST-segment elevation in lead V4R despite the presence of RVI have received little attention. HYPOTHESIS: The study was undertaken to study the clinical features of patients with no ST-segment elevation in lead V4R despite the presence of RVI, which means false negative, as such patients have received little attention in the past. METHODS: We studied 62 patients with a first IMI, who had total occlusion of the right coronary artery (RCA) proximal to the first right ventricular branch and successful reperfusion within 6 h from symptom onset, to examine the implications of the absence of ST-segment elevation in lead V4R despite the presence of RVI. RESULTS: A standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and right precordial ECG (lead V4R) were recorded on admission, and three posterior chest ECGs (leads V7 to V9) were additionally recorded in 34 patients. Patients were classified according to the absence (Group 1, n = 18) or presence (Group 2, n = 44) of ST-segment elevation of > or = 1.0 mm in lead V4R on admission. Patients in Group 1 had a greater ST-segment elevation in leads V7 to V9 (2.9+/-2.4 vs. 1.4+/-3.0 mm. p < 0.05), a higher frequency of a dominant RCA (defined as the distribution score > or = 0.7) (72 vs. 11%, p < 0.001), and a higher peak creatine kinase level (3760+/-1548 vs. 2809+/-1824 mU/ml, p < 0.05) than those in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with IMI caused by the occlusion of the RCA proximal to the first right ventricular branch, no ST-segment elevation in lead V4R can occur because of concomitant posterior involvement. In such patients, the incidence of RVI may be underestimated on the basis of ST-segment elevation in lead V4R.     

临床路径对ST段抬高心肌梗死患者急诊冠状 动脉介入术后临床疗效的影响

目的评价临床路径对急性sT段抬高心肌梗死（STEMI）患者介入术后临床疗效的影响。方法随机选择100例STEMI实施急诊冠状动脉介入术临床路径的患者作为观察组,同时随机选择100例同期STEMI未实施急诊冠状动脉介入术（PCI）临床路径的住院患者为对照组。主要终点指标是术后2hST段抬高振幅总和（∑STE）的下降幅度、6min步行试验的距离,次要终点指标是住院病死率。结果观察组患者就诊至球囊扩张（D2B）时间显著短于对照组（中位数,65minUS．95min,P〈0．001）,就诊90min内完成球囊扩张的比例显著高于对照组（98％＇US．65％,P〈0．001）。观察组有89例患者相关导联的ESTE较术前下降〉50％,对照组有69例患者相关导联的∑STE较术前下降〉50％（89％-69％,P〈0．01）。住院第5天,观察组患者行6min步行试验的距离明显较对照组患者步行距离延长[（400．01±336．91）m vs（342．014-16．92）m,P〈0．05）,在PCI后30天行6min步行试验中,观察组患者步行距离明显长于对照组[（421．01±25．19）mVS．（349．17±26．15）m,P〈0．05）。观察组的住院病死率显著低于对照组（2％US．7％,P〈0．01）。结论实施临床路径可显著改善心肌再灌注、提高心脏功能,明显改善患者远期预后。     

入院前电话通知对中老年ST段抬高心肌梗死患者进急诊室至球囊扩张时间的影响

目的 探讨入院前心电图采集和电话通知对ST段抬高心肌梗死(STEMI)患者进入急诊室至球囊扩张时间[进门至球囊扩张(door to balloon,D2B)时间]的影响. 方法 对2006年1月至2007年12月就诊于北京安贞医院抢救中心并接受直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的STEMI患者的临床资料进行分析.将患者分为3组:无入院前心电图(无心电图)组、有入院前心电图(有心电图)组和依据入院前心电图进行电话通知(电话通知)组.主要分析指标为D2B时间.次要分析指标为住院期间患者病死率. 结果 纳入研究患者402例,其中无心电图组137例(34.1%),有心电图组176例(43.8%),电话通知组89例(22.1%).3组患者年龄、性别、既往病史及心肌梗死部位比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05).与无心电图组比较,有心电图组和电话通知组患者D2B时间缩短,3组分别为113 min、96 min和86 min(均P<0.01).3组患者住院期间病死率[分别为4例(2.9%)、4例(2.3%)和3例(2.2%)]比较,差异无统计学意义(均P0.05). 结论 入院前心电图采集和早期电话通知能缩短STEMI患者D2B时间,使更多的患者D2B时间<90 min.入院前与医院建立电话联系可缩短再灌注时间.     

Effectiveness of and adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with mild versus severe renal failure

Patients with renal failure undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) experience reduced procedural success rates and increased in-hospital and long-term follow-up major adverse cardiac events. This study was designed to determine whether the severity of preprocedural renal failure influences the outcomes of patients with renal failure undergoing PCI. We compared the immediate and long-term outcomes of 192 patients with mild renal failure (creatinine 1.6 to 2.0 mg/dl, mean 1.76) with those of 131 patients with severe renal failure (creatinine >2.0 mg/dl, mean 2.90), selected from 3,334 consecutive patients undergoing PCI between 1994 and 1997. Although the overall population with renal failure represents a high-risk group, the severe renal failure cohort had a higher incidence of hypertension, multivessel disease, prior coronary bypass surgery, vascular disease, and congestive heart failure (all p values <0.05), yet had similar angiographic characteristics. Procedural success was higher in the group with severe renal failure (93.7% vs 87.7%, p = 0.04). There were no statistically significant differences in in-hospital mortality (11.5% vs 9.9%, p = 0.7), Q-wave myocardial infarction (0.5% vs 0%, p = 0.4), emergent bypass surgery (0% vs 0%, p = 1.0), and in-hospital major adverse cardiac events (11.5% vs 9.9%, p = 0.7) between the mild and severe renal groups, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed no statistically significant difference in long-term survival (log rank test, p = 0.1) or event-free survival (log rank test, p = 0.3) between the 2 groups. Finally, creatinine was not identified as an independent predictor of in-hospital or long-term follow-up major adverse cardiac events. In our high-risk population, patients with mild renal insufficiency undergoing PCI experience major adverse outcomes in the hospital and at long-term follow-up similar to those of patients with severe renal failure.     

Clinical benefits of intracoronary high-dose tirofiban therapy in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

To investigate the benefits of intracoronary high-dose tirofiban during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) .Methods Fifty-eight patients with STEMI presented within 12 h of symptoms were randomly allocated to study group (n = 28,intracor-onary high-dose tirofiban) and control group (n = 30,intravenous high-dose tirofiban) .The culprit vessels were targe-ted with primary PCI in all patients.Clinical characteristics,angiographic findings,brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) at 7-day and in-hospital outcomes were compared between groups,as well as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE,including death,reinfarction,worsening heart failure and target vessel revascu-larization) at 30-day clinical follow-up.Results Compared with the control group,the study group showed better thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grades immediately after PCI (96.4% vs 76.7% ,P = 0.02) .The 30-day composite major adverse cardiac events rate was lower in the study group (3.6% vs 23.3% ,P = 0.02) ,and the LVEF and BNP in the study group at 7 days was better than that in the control group (P = 0.01 and 0.02,respec-tively) .No significant difference in hemorrhagic complications in hospital between groups was noted (P = 0.61) .Conclusions The study indicates that intracoronary high-dose bolus administration of tirofiban for patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI can significantly improve the reperfusion level in the infarct area and clinical outcomes at 30 days follow-up.It is better and safer to apply intravenous bolus injection for improving coronary flow,LVEF and short-term clinical outcomes.