胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤临床病理学分析

目的：探讨胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤的临床病理学特征。方法：对6例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤进行临床病理资料回顾性分析,并复习相关文献。结果：6例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤中,平均年龄52.6岁,男：女为1∶1,其中2例位于胰头部,4例位于胰体尾。临床表现均为胰腺囊性占位。本组6例均行手术治疗,其中微囊型3例、寡囊型2例、囊实型1例。组织学上,囊壁内衬扁平或立方上皮,胞质透亮,核圆形、卵圆形,大小一致,无明显核异型和核分裂象。6例肿瘤细胞均表达EMA、CK7、CK19阳性,且PAS阳性。4例患者随访时间4个月至2年不等,未发现肿瘤复发或转移,2例术后痊愈,出院失访。结论：胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤是一种良性肿瘤,术前确诊率较低,手术切除后预后好。     

7例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤临床病理分析

目的 探讨胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤(SCAP)的临床病理特征。方法 收集2017年8月至2022年4月郑州大学第二附属医院收治的7例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤患者临床资料,对病理切片、免疫组化及特殊染色结果进行分析,并复习相关文献。结果 7例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤中,男4例、女3例,男女比例为1.31,发病年龄为29～71岁,中位年龄55岁,1例位于胰头部、2例位于胰颈部、4例位于胰体尾部。3例为体检时偶然发现,就诊时无明显临床症状。4例有不同程度的腹痛、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等症状。临床表现主要为上腹部肿块及胰腺占位,伴或不伴腹痛及腹胀。7例均行手术治疗。术后病理结果示,浆液性微囊性腺瘤6例(其中2例伴有乳头状结构)、浆液性寡囊性腺瘤1例。囊壁内衬单层扁平或立方上皮,细胞质透亮,核圆形、卵圆形,大小一致,无明显核异型性及核分裂相。7例肿瘤细胞均表达CK8/18、CK7、CK19,且PAS染色阳性。7例患者随访时间2个月～5 a,均未发现肿瘤复发或转移。结论 SCAP是一种罕见胰腺良性肿瘤,术前确诊率较低,诊断主要依靠组织病理学检查,掌握该病的临床病理特征有助于指导治疗和预后评估,该肿瘤手术切除后预后好。     

胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤临床病理分析

目的 探讨胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤（serous microcystic adenomas of pancreaseas,SMAP）的临床病理学特征、免疫学表型和鉴别诊断要点。方法 对3例发生在胰腺的SMAP进行光学显微镜观察和免疫组织化学标记,并结合文献复习。结果 SMAP临床表现多为腹痛伴不明原因的消瘦。镜检：SMAP为微囊结构,囊内衬扁平或立方上皮,胞质透明,细胞核居中。免疫表型：腔面上皮细胞EMA和CK19阳性,CA19-9局灶阳性,Ki67阳性率小于2％,肌上皮细胞SMA阳性。ER、PR、CEA、CgA、Syn、S-100、Vimentin和Ⅷ因子相关抗原均为阴性。结论 SMAP是一种好发于女性的罕见良性肿瘤,病理形态学检查可明确诊断。但有时与其他胰腺肿瘤鉴别诊断时需要免疫组织化学的帮助,自身的良恶性诊断也需要长期随访。     

胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤1例报道及文献复习

 目的 探讨胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤临床病理特点、诊断及鉴别诊断要点。方法 对本院外检中遇到的1例胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤进行临床病理及免疫组化分析。结果 胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤常为老年女性，症状不明显，可以表现为无痛性肿块。镜下：肿瘤为大小不等蜂窝状小囊，衬覆扁平或低立方上皮细胞，细胞无异型性，囊壁间为粗大的纤维结缔组织间隔。免疫组化结果：肿瘤细胞EMA，Keratin(+)，S-100，Vimentin，actin，CGA Syn，CEA，desmin 和Ⅷ因子（-）。结论 胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤是一种罕见肿瘤，其诊断和鉴别诊断主要靠病理组织学和免疫组化，非绝对良性，需随访。     

胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤的超声诊断分析

目的探讨胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤超声诊断的临床价值。方法对10例胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤的超声表现资料进行回顾性分析。结果超声表现为囊性病灶10例,明确诊断胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤6例。结论胰腺浆液性微囊性囊腺瘤的瘤体内以多发小囊为主要表现,根据声像图可做出诊断,超声对胰腺囊腺肿瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断有重要的临床价值。     

7例胰腺寡囊性浆液性囊腺瘤MSCT分析

目的:探讨胰腺寡囊性浆液性囊腺瘤的MSCT表现。方法:回顾分析7例经病理证实的胰腺寡囊性浆液性囊腺瘤的MSCT表现。结果:2例位于胰头、3例位于胰体、2例位于胰尾。4例为分叶状,2例为类圆形,1例形态不规则。4例为多囊,3例为单囊。囊腔大小17~61mm,平均34mm。4例可见较薄(厚度<2mm)分隔。所有病例均未见钙化及纤维瘢痕。囊壁均为均匀菲薄(厚度<2mm)。2例可见主胰管扩张。结论:胰腺寡囊性浆液性囊腺瘤的特征性表现包括:病灶多位于胰头部、分叶状轮廓、薄而均匀的分隔、缺乏中心瘢痕及钙化、囊壁菲薄、与胰管不相通。     

三维重建技术在胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤手术规划中的应用研究

目的 研究三维重建技术在胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤手术规划中的应用价值.方法 对1例胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤患者行上腹部256排螺旋CT扫描,并收集CT原始数据,导入到海信计算机辅助手术系统,重建患者腹腔三维模型.根据三维重建模型,制定患者的手术方案,并行手术预切除,计算胰腺、残余胰腺、切除胰腺体积.术中根据术前设计的手术方案进行手术.结果 本例患者术后恢复良好,无并发症发生.重建的三维模型真实的显示了患者腹腔结构,显示了胰腺、肿瘤与周围血管、周围脏器的位置关系,为手术制定方案提供指导.胰腺预切除和体积计算可制定最佳手术方案,实现精准切除,减少术后并发症的发生.结论 基于海信计算机辅助手术系统的三维重建技术有助指导胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤的手术方案的制定.     

胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤临床病理观察

[目的]报道5例胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤(SMAP),并探讨其临床病理特征、免疫组化表型、特殊染色、鉴别诊断要点。[方法]对5例发生在胰腺的SMAP患者进行临床资料分析、光学显微镜观察及免疫组化标记和特殊染色,并随访。[结果]SMAP多发生在老年女性,胰腺体尾部是好发部位,临床上表现为腹胀、腹痛、腹部包块等症状或在体检时发现。镜下肿瘤由众多小囊腔组成,囊壁内衬单层立方上皮,胞质内含糖原。免疫组化肿瘤细胞广谱CK、CK7和EMA阳性,CK20、Vim、CK5/6、CEA、Syn、CD10、CD34均阴性,特染PAS阳性。5例病人随访5个月至2年余,未发现复发和转移。[结论]胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤是好发于老年女性患者的良性肿瘤,多位于胰腺体尾部,肿瘤切除治疗效果好。     

胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤临床病理特征分析

[目的]探讨胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤临床病理特点、诊断及鉴别诊断要点.[方法]对德清县人民医院外检所遇3例胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤进行临床病理分析.[结果]胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤好发于老年女性,临床症状不明显.病理检查肿瘤为大小不等海绵状小囊,衬覆扁平或低立方上皮细胞及肌上皮,细胞无异型性,囊壁间为粗大的纤维结缔组织间隔.免疫组化显示囊壁细胞EMA(上皮膜抗原)和Keratin(角蛋白)阳性;CA199(糖链抗原19-9)、ER(雌激素受体)、PR(孕激素受体)和Ⅷ因子(凝血因子Ⅷ)阴性,Ki-67阳性低于2％.[结论]胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤临床罕见,其诊断和鉴别诊断主要靠病理组织学和免疫组化检查,结合术前影像学结果.     

Serous cystadenoma of the pancreas

BACKGROUND

Expectant management of serous cystadenoma (SCA) of the pancreas requires an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Previously published cytologic diagnostic sensitivities have ranged widely, from 10% to 100%. In the current study, the authors evaluated the diagnostic sensitivity of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and cross‐sectional imaging for SCA.

METHODS

Group I consisted of 21 histologically confirmed SCAs. Group II (n = 7 lesions) lacked histologic confirmation and was defined by EUS findings that were consistent with SCA and a cyst fluid carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level <5 ng/mL. Group III was comprised of 2 nonserous and potentially malignant cysts of the pancreas for which a preoperative diagnosis of SCA was considered. Cross‐sectional imaging data were recorded. The smears were evaluated for the presence of serous lining epithelium, gastrointestinal‐contaminating epithelium, and inflammatory cells including hemosiderin‐laden macrophages. The authors also evaluated the presence of hemosiderin‐laden macrophages in a series of 110 FNA specimens from histologically confirmed neoplastic mucinous cysts of the pancreas and 45 pseudocysts of the pancreas.

RESULTS

Prospectively among Group I lesions, the appearance on computed tomography (CT) was considered definitive for SCA in 3 of 12 cases (25%). The histologically confirmed SCA cases had CEA levels of <5 ng/mL, except for 1 case for which the CEA level was 176.5 ng/mL. A cytologic diagnosis of SCA was made prospectively in only 1 CT‐guided case. Retrospectively, 3 intraoperative FNAs and 1 additional CT‐guided aspirate contained rare epithelial cells of a SCA. None of the EUS‐guided aspirates demonstrated serous epithelium. Among Group II aspiration specimens, only 1 contained serous epithelial cells. Approximately 52% of the EUS‐guided aspirates demonstrated gastrointestinal contamination. This glandular epithelium was categorized as atypical in 2 cases. Hemosiderin‐laden macrophages were identified in 43% of the SCAs. Conversely, only 2% of neoplastic mucinous cysts and 9% of pseudocysts produced hemosiderin‐laden macrophages in aspirate fluid.

CONCLUSIONS

In the current study, serous epithelial cells were identified in <20% of cases. Gastrointestinal‐contaminating epithelium, often observed in EUS‐guided aspirates, further contributes to difficulties in interpretation. The presence of hemosiderin‐laden macrophages as a surrogate marker for SCA requires further study. A preoperative diagnosis of SCA remains a challenge, and an EUS‐guided FNAB is unlikely to provide the high level of diagnostic accuracy necessary to permit a nonoperative approach. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.     

Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: One case report and literatures review

Introduction
Solid-pseudopapillary tumor （SPT） is a very rare primary neoplasm of the pancreas. Franz first described it in 1959. It is usually seen in young females. In spite of possible histological findings of malignancy, SPPT typically shows a benign clinical course and a low malignant potential. The pathogenesis of these tumors is still controversial. It has been suggested that it might originate from ductal and acinar pancreatic cells, endocrine cells or pluripotential stem cells.     

Twist蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达及临床意义

[目的] 分析 Twist 蛋白与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌的关系.[方法] 采用免疫组化方法检测 Twist 蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤中的表达情况.[结果] Twist 蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、浆液性囊腺瘤中的阳性表达率分别为78.33％ (94/120)、37.50％ (3/8)、25.00％(2/8),经比较差异有统计学意义(x2=16.119,P＜0.01),但在交界性浆液性囊腺瘤、浆液性囊腺瘤中差异无统计学意义(x2=0.291,P=0.590).8例正常卵巢组织中未见 Twist蛋白阳性表达.Twist 蛋白在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的阳性表达率在有无淋巴结转移的组织间经比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而在绝经前后、不同的病理分期、不同组织学分级的卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的阳性率经比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).[结论] Twist蛋白与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌发生发展有关,可作为有无淋巴结转移的间接预测指标之一.     

婴幼儿促纤维增生性星形细胞瘤1例报道及文献回顾

目的 总结分析婴幼儿促纤维增生性星形细胞瘤的病理组织学特征及其与其他中枢神经系统肿瘤的鉴别诊断。方法 对1例婴幼儿促纤维增生性星形细胞瘤进行组织形态学，组织化学和免疫组织化学研究，同时结合文献对其临床表现，病理形态特点及鉴别诊断进行探讨。结果 本例婴幼儿促纤维增生性星形细胞瘤的CT检查表现为左颞叶巨大的囊性病变；组织学表现在丰富的纤维间质中，含有灶状或巢状的向星形细胞分化的神经上皮成份；免疫组织化学显示瘤细胞呈GFAP阳性，vimentin阳性NSE阴性；网织纤维染色显示在致密的嗜银纤维区间可见岛屿状的空染区。结论 婴幼儿促纤维增生性星形细胞瘤是一种罕见的发生在婴幼儿的中枢神经肿瘤。根据其组织学特点，结合组织化学和免疫组化染色结果，可以做出明确的病理诊断。     

腺泡状软组织肉瘤13例临床病理分析及文献回顾

目的:探讨腺泡状软组织肉瘤(alveolar soft part sarcoma,ASPS)的临床病理学特征、鉴别诊断、分子遗传学特点以及治疗与预后等。方法:回顾性分析13例ASPS患者的临床病理资料,总结其组织病理学特点、免疫组化等,并复习相关文献。结果:13例ASPS患者中男性8例、女性5例,男女比例为1.6∶1;发病中位年龄30岁。临床症状主要表现为深部软组织内肿块无痛性增大。典型的ASPS具有特征性的病理形态,即肿瘤细胞排列成腺泡状或器官样结构,细胞巢被纤细的窦隙样毛细血管包绕,瘤细胞体积大,界限清楚,胞浆丰富。PAS染色显示瘤细胞胞浆内见菱形、棒状结晶体。免疫组化:13例ASPS中MyoD1阳性率76.9%,且均为胞浆着色,其他抗体未见一致性阳性表达。结论:ASPS是一种罕见的组织来源不明的恶性软组织肿瘤,好发于年轻人。肿瘤生长缓慢,但最终预后较差。结合临床和组织病理学特征,可作出准确的病理诊断。     

Papillary carcinoma arising in a papillary cystadenoma of thyroid: A case report

Papillary cystadenoma of the thyroid is a controversial pathologic entity, the existence of which is not universally accepted. Its malignant potential is unknown, with only scant evidence that it may be a rare precursor of the papillary carcinoma. A case is presented as a pathologically documented instance of malignancy arising in a papillary cystadenoma in a 33-year-old woman. The clinical implications of this finding are discussed.     

Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas: A review of nine cases

Nine cases of pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the pancreas collected over a 26-year period are analyzed. The tumor presents a distinctive histology. The head of the pancreas appears to be the predominant site of the lesions in this study, and the cell origin is considered to be the ductal epithelium. Its clinical manifestation and rapid, fatal course of usually two months are almost indistinguishable from the more conventional pancreatic adenocarcinoma.