鼻内窥镜术后鼻腔粘连对疗效的影响

目的 :探讨鼻腔粘连对鼻窦内窥镜手术疗效的影响。方法 :应用Storz硬性鼻内窥镜 ,根据不同的病变部位 ,参照Messerklinger鼻内窥镜手术方法 ,行鼻内窥镜手术 84 5例 (15 5 8侧 ) ,术后定期随访 1年以上。结果 :治愈 12 80侧 ,总治愈率为 82 .2 %。其中Ⅰ型病例治愈率达 91%以上 ;Ⅱ型 1期和 2期分别为 98.9%和82 .8% ,3期为 75 .0 % ;Ⅲ型治愈率为 6 1.2 %。在 2 78侧无效病例中鼻腔粘连 15 1侧 ,占 5 4 .3%。结论 :鼻窦内窥镜术后鼻腔粘连以中鼻甲与其周围结构为主 ,导致鼻窦引流不畅 ,以致影响疗效 ,因此 ,减少术后局部粘连是提高手术疗效的关键。术中对中鼻甲的适当处理有助于减少术后粘连 ,提高手术效果     

内窥镜鼻窦手术术后的处理与疗效

目的 :探索提高内窥镜鼻窦手术疗效的术后处理方法。方法 :通过对 30 0例内窥镜鼻窦手术术后的定期随访和不同时期恰当的处理 ,分析其与疗效的关系。结果 :30 0例内窥镜鼻窦手术病人术后 1年有效率为 82 .3%。结论 :术后合理用药及恰当的术后处理和定期鼻内窥镜随访能提高手术疗效。     

内窥镜鼻窦手术与传统鼻窦手术对中鼻甲及嗅觉的影响

目的 :观察内窥镜鼻腔、鼻窦手术与传统鼻腔、鼻窦手术在慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉 ( 型 2期 , 型 2期 )中的手术疗效对中鼻甲形态及嗅觉的影响。方法 :对 1997年 9月～ 1999年 9月间参加该项研究并随访半年以上的二组病例 85例 (16 3侧 ) ,经冠状位鼻窦 CT扫描 ,术前、术后鼻内窥镜检查及嗅觉测试。二组分别施行内窥镜鼻腔、鼻窦手术及传统鼻腔、鼻窦手术 ,对中鼻甲病变采取完整保留和部分切除二类方式。结果 :经内窥镜鼻腔、鼻窦手术 ,随访半年以上的 5 2例(10 1侧 )患者鼻窦炎治愈、好转、无效率分别是 6 4.4%、2 9.7%、5 .9% ;相应中鼻甲恢复正常率分别是 6 3.1%、30 .0 %、0 .0 % ;嗅觉恢复正常率分别是 6 6 .2 %、36 .7%、0 .0 %。33例 (6 2侧 )经传统鼻腔、鼻窦手术患者鼻窦炎治愈、好转、无效率分别是 30 .6 %、48.4%、2 1.0 % ;相应中鼻甲恢复正常率分别是 47.4%、3.3%、0 .0 % ;嗅觉恢复正常率分别是 6 3.2 %、2 3.3%、0 .0 %。结论 :内窥镜鼻窦手术较传统鼻窦手术更有效地解决窦口鼻道复合体病变 ,从而提高 型、 型鼻窦炎治愈率。本研究表明中鼻甲形态的转归 ,嗅觉恢复与鼻窦炎治愈率有明显的相关性     

鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤临床疗效分析

目的 研究鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤临床疗效分析。方法 选取我院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2018年4月至2020年12月诊断鼻腔内翻性乳头状瘤患者,对照组40例采用传统手术器械切除,研究组35例采用电动切割器切除,观察两组患者手术情况、复发率、疼痛评分以及术后并发症。结果 术后3天、7天研究组评分均低于对照组,研究组手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,复发率5.71%低于对照组30.00%,研究组术后并发症总发生率11.43%低于对照组27.50%,P<0.05。结论 鼻内窥镜下电动切割器手术治疗鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤效果理想,手术时间短出血量低,并发症情况明显改善,整体复发率较低,值得应用。     

经鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术165例临床疗效观察

目的 :观察内窥镜鼻窦手术治疗鼻窦炎、鼻息肉的远期疗效。方法 :对 16 5例 (2 76侧 )慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者行内窥镜鼻窦手术 ,术后随访 1年。结果 :治愈 10 7例 (6 4 .8% ) ,好转 4 3例 (2 6 .1% ) ,无效 15例(9.1% ) ,总有效率 90 .9%。术后并发症主要为鼻腔粘连。结论 :鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术治疗鼻窦炎、鼻息肉具有良好的疗效 ,术中采用合适浓度的肾上腺素液能达到很好的止血效果 ,术中中鼻甲的正确处理、术后定期随访能提高治愈率 ,减少并发症     

鼻腔结构异常矫正对鼻内镜手术效果的影响

目的观察鼻内镜下鼻腔结构矫形对鼻窦联合手术疗效的影响,并探讨其安全性和可行性。方法鼻息肉、鼻窦炎310例（487例）,按照鼻内镜术中是否同期行鼻腔结构矫形分为2组,矫形组139例（223侧）,对照组171例（264例）;术后随访6个月～2年。分析比较2组患者术后疗效及并发症发生情况。结果矫形组患者术中平均出血量为142．5ml,对照组为123．7ml,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;矫形组并发症发生率34．5％、对照组31．6％,P〉0．05。矫形组总有效率97．3％,明显高于对照组的73．1％（P〈0．01）。结论鼻内镜下同期完成鼻腔结构矫形和鼻窦联合手术,能够明显提高鼻窦手术疗效,但不会增加术中出血量及术后并发症,安全性好。     

鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术中中鼻甲的处理方法和意义

中鼻甲在鼻腔生理功能方面发挥重要作用，又是鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术中极重要的解剖参考标志，所以强调术中保留中鼻甲。但中鼻甲自身解剖结构异常或存有病变，却可导致鼻腔鼻窦功能障碍，并有可能成为鼻窦炎的发源地。本文综合了1213例接受鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术的慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉患者中975例CT扫描和鼻内窥镜检查结果，并总结了鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术中和术后随访的体会，归纳提出中鼻甲与上颌骨额突（钩突附着缘）及鼻中隔的解剖结构关系MFS分型及鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术中中鼻甲的处理方法。手术原则和方法主要采用矢状切除中鼻甲外侧部分，并对其进行矫形的方式，重建MFS解剖结构关系。本文讨论了鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术中中鼻甲处理的必要性，并强调指出在去除病变的基础上保留中鼻甲及其功能作用是鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术中一项重要内容。     

鼻内窥镜加柯-陆氏手术治疗鼻内翻性乳头状瘤

目的探讨彻底治疗鼻内翻性乳头状瘤,降低术后复发率的手术方法.方法治疗临床及病理确诊为内翻性乳头状瘤31例,其中10例有1～2次前期经鼻或经上颌窦前壁(Caldwell-LUC 术式)的手术史.经前鼻孔镜,鼻内窥镜检查和CT检查,见肿瘤侵及鼻腔、中鼻甲、中鼻道、上颌窦、筛窦26例;侵及鼻腔、筛窦、上颌窦、蝶窦5例.31例在鼻窦镜下行鼻腔、中鼻甲、筛窦、蝶窦肿瘤切除术,用柯-陆氏术式清理上颌窦肿瘤及残余鼻腔外侧壁肿瘤组织.随访1年至1年6个月.结果31例中2例复发,复发率6.43%,复发2例,经再次手术,随访1年无复发.结论对于鼻腔鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤侵及鼻腔鼻窦,尤其是上颌窦同时受侵者,应用鼻内窥镜加柯-陆氏术式辅以电刀或微波处理创面,鸦蛋子油纱条填塞术腔,可减少肿瘤复发.     

鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎疗效观察

目的观察鼻内窥镜手术治疗鼻窦炎的效果,研究提高鼻内窥镜鼻窦手术的疗效.方法对鼻窦炎患者进行鼻内窥镜手术及随访观察.结果参照FESS-97海口标准,治愈53例(53.9%),好转30例(28.9%),无效21例(20.2%).结论术前仔细研究鼻窦CT片,术后加强术腔清洁处理,是防止手术并发症和提高疗效的关键.     

鼻内窥镜在鼻内翻性乳头状瘤手术中的价值

目的 :探讨鼻内窥镜在鼻内翻性乳头状瘤手术中的价值。方法 :鼻内翻性乳头状瘤患者 2 9例中 ,采用鼻内窥镜手术者 15例 (鼻内窥镜组 ) ,经鼻侧切开手术者 14例 (鼻侧切开组 ) ,并将两种手术结果进行比较。结果 :随访 1.8年。并发症 :鼻内窥镜组 (1例 )明显低于鼻侧切开组 (5例 ) ,P <0 .0 1;住院时间 :鼻内窥镜组 (13.1d)明显短于鼻侧切开组 (2 0 .4d) ,P <0 .0 1;术中出血量 (Ⅰ～Ⅱ级 ) :鼻内窥镜组 (175ml)亦明显少于鼻侧切开组 (5 2 5ml) ,P <0 .0 1。结论 :鼻内窥镜术是治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ级鼻内翻性乳头状瘤一种较好的方法 ,其主要优点是避免了面部切口 ;对Ⅲ～Ⅳ级病例 ,使用鼻内窥镜术应持谨慎态度 ,鼻侧切开术仍不失为安全、可靠的治疗方法     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉内镜手术严重并发症分析

目的探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻息肉内镜手术严重并发症的分类、发生率及其影响因素，以期从中获得启示。方法对随访资料完整的1102例（1769侧）慢性鼻一鼻窦炎鼻息肉患者内镜手术发生21例次严重并发症的情况进行总结、分析。结果21例次严重并发症包括：眶内血肿3例次、眼内直肌损伤2例次、视力丧失1例次、颅内血肿1例次、脑脊液鼻漏3例次、鼻泪管阻塞3例次、鼻中隔穿孔2例次、大出血2例次、下肢血栓形成2例次、术后哮喘发作2例次。严重并发症的发生率为1．91％（21／1102），其中眼部并发症（0．54％）和颅内并发症（0．36％）发生率较高。患者的病变范围、前期手术史和术者的手术经验及技巧是影响严重并发症发生率的重要因素。结论导致鼻内镜手术严重并发症的因素众多，然而主观因素比客观因素起更大的影响作用，其中以术者的手术经验尤为重要。     

Complications of endoscopic sinus surgery: Analysis of 2108 patients—incidence and prevention

The incidence of complications of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in a combined experience with 2108 total patients is compared to complications in 11 other series of patients (2583 total) who underwent ESS and 6 series of patients (2110 total) who underwent traditional endonasal sinus surgery. The incidence of major perioperative complications was 0.85%, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak being the most common. The most common minor complications of ESS were those related to orbital penetration and middle turbinate adhesions; minor complications occurred in 6.9% of the 2108 patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the overall incidences of major complications between this series and the other two groups. Recommendations are made for the prevention of complications during ESS.     

Traditional endonasal and microscopic sinus surgery complications versus endoscopic sinus surgery complications: a meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of complications of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) to the incidence of complications of traditional and microscopic sinus surgery. A meta-analysis was carried out on 28 series of patients (a total of 13,405) who had undergone ESS, 8 series of patients (3,887 in total) who had undergone traditional endonasal sinus surgery and 7 series of patients (1,630 in total) who had undergone microscopic sinus surgery. The authors used the Bayesian inference package WinBUGS operating from within the statistical computer program R (version 2.7.1). Major complications had a higher incidence after traditional sinus surgery than ESS but this fact did not cause a significant statistical difference, whereas microscopic surgery had significantly more complications than ESS (p < 0.05). Carrying out our meta-analytic study, comparing major and minor complications of endonasal surgical approaches, was very difficult due to several methodological biases of data extraction and evaluation from studies concerning a broad timespan. Regarding major complications, we only found a significant statistical difference (p < 0.05) between the endoscopic (1%) and the microscopic methods (2.0%), but, if we had analyzed the data considering the natural learning curve of the latest ESS surgical approach, and if we had not considered the results produced in the first 10 years (1988–1998) concerning ESS in our meta-analysis, we would have found a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the endoscopic (0.4%) and the traditional (1.1%) approach as well.     

Safety and feasibility of balloon catheter dilation of paranasal sinus ostia: a preliminary investigation

OBJECTIVES: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is an effective option for managing patients in whom medical therapy for rhinosinusitis fails. However, ESS is not always successful, and serious complications can occur. New techniques and instrumentation that improve outcomes and reduce complications would be seriously welcomed. Innovative catheter-based technology has improved treatment of several conditions such as coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke. Recently, catheter devices have been developed for the paranasal sinuses. Cadaver studies confirm the potential use of these devices in rhinosinusitis. The objective of this investigation was to ascertain the feasibility and safety of these newly developed devices in performing catheter-based dilation of sinus ostia and recesses in patients with rhinosinusitis. METHODS: A nonrandomized prospective cohort of 10 ESS candidates was offered treatment with a new technique of balloon catheter dilation of targeted sinus ostia. The frontal, maxillary, and sphenoid sinuses were considered appropriate for this innovative catheter-based technology. The primary study end points were intraoperative procedural success and absence of adverse events. RESULTS: A total of 18 sinus ostial regions were successfully catheterized and dilated, including 10 maxillary, 5 sphenoid, and 3 frontal recesses. No adverse events occurred. Mucosal trauma and bleeding appeared to be less with catheter dilation than is typically observed with ESS techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Dilation of sinus ostial regions via balloon catheter-based technology appears to be relatively safe and feasible. Larger multicenter clinical trials are now warranted to further establish safety and to determine the role of this new technique.     

Endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with cystic fibrosis: an analysis of complications

The application of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for the management of paranasal sinus disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) has been well described. Due to underlying medical issues such as acquired coagulopathies and advanced pulmonary disease, perioperative morbidity is assumed to be higher in this group. The incidence and type of complications associated with CF patients undergoing ESS has not been previously described. We reviewed 52 consecutive endoscopic procedures in 41 patients with CF performed by a single surgeon over a 34-month period. This review focused on perioperative and postoperative complications. Additional clinical data gathered included estimated blood loss, length of procedure, coagulation laboratory studies, the presence of nasal polyposis, the use of nasal packing, pulmonary function status, and average hospitalization time. A total of six complications were identified--four immediate and two delayed. The perioperative or immediate complications included two cases of epistaxis, one case of periorbital ecchymosis, and one case of pulmonary hemorrhage. Delayed complications include one case of epistaxis and one case of intranasal scarring. In two of these six patients, length of hospitalization was prolonged for management of the associated complications. No study has specifically addressed complications of ESS in the CF patient. Our review demonstrates a complication rate of 11.5%, which compares favorably with the non-CF ESS complication rates of 0-17% reported in the literature. Critical to successful management of these patients is coordinated care delivered by the pediatrician or internist, the pulmonary specialist, the anesthesia team, and the otolaryngologist. In addition to a review of current literature, we discuss the overall management approach adopted at our institution and highlight elements thought to minimize morbidity.     

Endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with postirradiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of postirradiated NPC patients who received ESS for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in Taichung Veterans General Hospital. Symptoms, endoscopic findings, and computed tomography were used to evaluate the efficacy of ESS in these patients, and the safety was evaluated by intraoperative findings and complications. RESULTS: Since 1996, 10 postirradiated NPC patients with chronic rhinosinusitis have been treated by ESS and followed up for at least 2 years. The interval between radiotherapy and ESS was from 4 months to 16 years. After surgery, 7 patients felt improved except for one patient who died of tumor recurrence and computed tomography scores changed from 6.6 to 3.7, although prolonged nasal crusting was observed in most patients by endoscopy. One patient was complicated with cerebrospinal fluid leakage and the dura defect was immediately repaired without any sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that ESS is effective for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in postirradiated NPC patients if they failed medical treatment.     

Synechia formation after endoscopic sinus surgery and middle turbinate medialization with and without FloSeal

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, outcomes, and risk factors for synechia formation after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and middle turbinate medialization with and without FloSeal. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of patients who underwent primary ESS with middle turbinate medialization, with or without the placement of FloSeal. Medialization was performed with the placement of an absorbable conchopexy suture and silastic splint. Operative variables and outcomes were analyzed to identify risk factors for synechia formation. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-five patients underwent medialization alone and 37 patients underwent medialization with placement of FloSeal. Overall, synechia formation was noted in 16 patients (9.3%). A statistically significant higher incidence of synechia formation was noted in patients who underwent middle turbinate medialization with the placement of FloSeal versus medialization alone (18.9% versus 6.7%). The incidences of intraoperative complications (6.2% versus 4.7%) and postoperative complications (6.2% versus 7%) were similar between patients with and without synechia, respectively. Patients experiencing synechia, however, underwent a statistically significant higher rate of revision procedures (25% versus 5.1%). CONCLUSION: Despite adequate prevention with middle turbinate medialization, synechia formation after ESS may result in higher rates of revision procedures. The placement of FloSeal in conjunction with middle turbinate medialization may result in a higher incidence of synechia formation.     

Standardized video-endoscopy and surgical field grading scale for endoscopic sinus surgery: a multi-centre study

BACKGROUND: Bleeding is a major concern in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), as it may impede surgical progress and is often associated with complications. To improve the study and management of intraoperative bleeding, a standardized method of recording bleeding during ESS is needed. The aim of this study was to develop a standardized method of documenting bleeding in ESS and of grading the surgical field. METHODS: Bleeding after endoscopic sinus surgery was recorded using video-endoscopy. Standardized and non-standardized video-endoscopies of 20 patients were graded using a previously published grading scale (the Boezaart scale) in randomized order on two different occasions. Effects of standardization on intra- and interrater reliability were evaluated.Based on this experience, a new 11-point surgical field grading scale was developed and simultaneously compared with the six-point Boezaart scale via means of a DVD in three international centers. RESULTS: Inter and intrarater reliability of the Boezaart and new Wormald scales significantly improved by employing a standardized video-endoscopy technique. The Wormald scale had significantly higher interrater (0.80 vs. 0.74, P < .001) and intrarater (0.89 vs. 0.83, P < .001) reliability than the Boezaart scale. Linear regression analysis revealed the Wormald scale to be more sensitive to changes in the most common surgical fields experienced in ESS. CONCLUSION: Standardized video-endoscopy has been demonstrated to significantly improve reliability and reproducibility of results and is recommended for future work evaluating bleeding in ESS. The new Wormald grading scale has been shown to be an inexpensive, reliable, and sensitive tool to rapidly evaluate intraoperative bleeding in ESS. It overcomes several limitations of the Boezaart scale, enabling us to analyze currently employed and newly developed hemostatic methods and agents.     

Trends in complications after functional endoscopic sinus surgery in Japan: A comparison with a previous study (2007–2013vs. 2013–2017)

ObjectiveFunctional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis is considered safe and is widely performed. Techniques and devices for this type of surgery have recently been updated. The purpose of this study was to describe the proportions of complications after FESS (2013–2017) and to compare the results with those from our previous study (2007–2013).MethodsWe obtained data on 70,288 patients who underwent FESS from April 2013 to March 2017 from a Japanese national inpatient database. We classified FESS into four types: single sinus surgery (ESS Type 2), multiple sinus surgery (ESS Type 3), whole sinus surgery (ESS Type 4), and extensive sinus surgery (ESS Type 5). We investigated the proportions of complications after FESS, including cerebrospinal fluid leakage, meningitis, orbital injury, severe hemorrhage, and toxic shock syndrome. We performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for within-hospital clustering to evaluate the association between the occurrence of overall complications and patient characteristics.ResultsThe proportion of overall complications was 0.50%. The proportions of patients with cranial complications, orbital complications, hemostasis operations, blood transfusion, and toxic shock syndrome were 0.11%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.30%, and 0.03%, respectively. The extent of FESS was not associated with the occurrence of overall complications. The occurrence of overall complications was associated with the severity of comorbidities and the academic hospital status. Asthma and use of a microdebrider were associated with a lower occurrence of overall complications.ConclusionThe proportion of overall complications after FESS in the present study was similar to that reported in our previous study. The extent of FESS and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis were not associated with the occurrence of overall complications.     

Is Nasal Packing Necessary Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To determine the necessity of nasal packing or hemostatic agents or both following endoscopic sinus surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of cases in a tertiary care sinus practice at an academic medical center. METHODS: Records of 165 patients undergoing 169 endoscopic sinus surgeries were reviewed to determine the presence of adjunctive nasal procedures, the use of nasal packing or hemostatic agents or both, blood loss during surgery, and the incidence of bleeding complications following surgery. RESULTS: The median estimated blood loss during surgery was 50.0 mL (range, 5-1000 mL). In four surgeries (2.4%) hemostatic agents were placed in the nose at the conclusion of surgery, 19 (11.2%) had packing, and 147 (87.0%) had no material left in the nose. No patients had bleeding complications postoperatively. There was a significant decrease in the use of packing or hemostatic agents or both over time. CONCLUSION: Placement of nasal packing or other hemostatic agents or both within the nasal cavity is not necessary in the majority of endoscopic sinus surgeries. The risks, costs, and discomforts associated with these interventions can often be avoided.