睫状体平坦部四切口玻璃体手术治疗严重增生性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的探讨睫状体平坦部四切口玻璃体手术治疗有广泛纤维血管膜增生的糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）的临床效果。方法为病例对照试验。回顾性选择27例（28只眼）有广泛纤维血管膜增生的PDR Ⅵ期患者作为试验组,采用睫状体平坦部四切口玻璃体手术,双手进行眼内操作,如膜分离与切除,视网膜复位,眼内光凝硅油充填。选择同期有广泛纤维血管膜增生的PDR Ⅵ期患者30例（30只眼）作为对照组,由同一术者完成睫状体平坦部三切口玻璃体手术。结果试验组28只眼均顺利完成膜分离与切除,1只眼出现2个医源性视网膜裂孔。随访7～54个月,术后视网膜均复位,多数患者视力有不同程度提高。对照组2只眼有部分膜残留,3只眼出现4个医源性视网膜裂孔,随访12个月视网膜均复位,3只眼发生新生血管性青光眼。结论四切口玻璃体手术采用双手操作眼内剥膜,可明显提高手术效率,减少组织损伤,是治疗有广泛纤维血管膜增生的严重PDR的较好方法。（中华眼科杂志,2008,44：17—19）     

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体视网膜手术后玻璃体出血的临床观察

目的：探讨增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)玻璃体视网膜手术严重玻璃体出血的原因，并发症及处理方法。方法：对我院1997年1月至2001年3月住院行玻璃体视网膜手术治疗PDR的182例（198只眼）患者中术后发生严重玻璃体出血的16例（17只眼）患者进行回顾性分析。结果：术后玻璃体出血中52.9%出现于术后第一天，出血原因包括纤维血管膜残端出血，视网膜新生血管膜渗血，视网膜切开，视网膜裂孔，前玻璃体纤维血管增殖等；出血并发症包括继发性青光眼，增殖膜形成等。结论：PDR玻璃体切割术后玻璃体出血为术后常见的并发症；对于出血量大、难于吸收及出现并发症的病例，积极治疗可改善视力预力预后。     

Ultrasound biomicroscopy of sclerotomy sites after pars plana vitrectomy for diabetic vitreous hemorrhage

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at assessing changes at the sclerotomy site using the ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM) in eyes that underwent primary pars plana vitrectomy for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. DESIGN: Prospective, observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Eighty-six eyes of 84 patients with vitreous hemorrhage caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy. INTERVENTION: Three-port pars plana vitrectomy followed by UBM evaluation of all sclerotomy sites between 6 and 8 weeks after surgery. Correlation with intraoperative findings done in case of reoperations. Forty-one eyes had repeat UBM at 6 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The changes at the sclerotomy site were classified into six groups: well healed, gape, plaque, vitreous incarceration, fibrovascular proliferation, and anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation (AHFVP). The UBM characteristics of each of the groups were defined. The findings at 6 months were compared with those at 6 to 8 weeks. RESULTS: At 6 to 8 weeks after surgery, most sclerotomies were well healed or had either moderate to high reflective plaques bridging the site. Wound gape was seen in 22.1% of active ports, 32.6% of light ports, and 25.6% of infusion ports. Vitreous incarceration was seen most often at the infusion port (18. 6% of eyes). Fibrovascular proliferation was seen in 9.3% of active ports, 12.8% of light ports, and 15.1% of infusion ports. Thirteen eyes had recurrent vitreous hemorrhage 6 to 8 weeks after surgery. Cases with rebleeding and no fibrovascular proliferation at the sclerotomy on UBM did well with outpatient fluid-air exchange (two eyes) or observation only (three eyes). Those with fibrovascular proliferation on UBM (eight eyes) required more extensive surgery. CONCLUSIONS: UBM is helpful in detecting complications at the sclerotomy sites after pars plana vitrectomy and is an invaluable tool in the assessment of the patient before reoperation.     

岛状除膜手术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的研究增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)有严重纤维血管膜者进行岛状除膜及传统撕膜两种手术的临床效果。方法增生性糖尿病视网膜病变有严重纤维血管膜增生者518例(548眼)分为两组。第1组采用传统的撕膜技术,226例(241眼);第2组采用岛状除膜技术,295例(307眼)。比较两种膜处理技术的视力预后及术后并发症情况。结果第1组术后视网膜裂孔发生率高于第2组,术后玻璃体再出血第2组好于第1组,硅油填充率第2组低于第1组。结论岛状膜清除技术术中视网膜裂孔发生率低,减少了医源性裂孔的发生率,减少了硅油填充率,最大限度挽救增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者的视功能。     

Management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is characterized by neovascularization originating from the retina and/or optic disk in patients with diabetes mellitus. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor appears to be central in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Advanced glycation end products are important in the development of vitreous abnormalities in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The majority of the neovascular membranes are adherent to the posterior vitreous cortex. When the posterior hyaloid exerts traction, the edges of the neovascular complex are pulled forward, resulting in vitreous hemorrhage. Tractional and/or rhegmatogenous retinal detachments can occur. The Diabetic Retinopathy Study demonstrated the ability of panretinal photocoagulation to reduce the rate of severe visual loss by 50% for eyes with high-risk characteristics, defined as neovascularization originating from the optic disk > 1/3 disk diameter, any neovascularization originating from the optic disk with hemorrhage, and neovascularization originating from the retina with vitreous hemorrhage. The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study showed that patients with type II diabetes mellitus who were older than 40 with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (defined as hemorrhages in four quadrants, venous beading in two quadrants, or intraretinal microvascular abnormalities in one quadrant) also benefited from early panretinal photocoagulation. The Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study showed that early vitrectomy (within 6 months of onset of vitreous hemorrhage) was associated with better results in type I diabetes mellitus patients only. The goals of vitreous surgery are to remove the vitreous, including the posterior hyaloid, and to relieve traction from fibrovascular tissue. Delamination and segmentation techniques have been used in the excision of fibrovascular growth on the internal limiting membrane and extending into the vitreous. Panretinal photocoagulation is an integral component of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents may be used in addition to laser as an adjunct to reduce the risk of neovascularization. Vitrectomy surgery may have intraoperative and postoperative complications, including cataract, anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation, fibrovascular ingrowth, retinal detachment, and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage. Visual potential depends on the preoperative and postoperative status of the macula, as well as on retinal perfusion and the health of the optic nerve. With the improvement in instruments, techniques, and drugs, the results of vitrectomy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy are improving.     

严重PDR玻璃体切割术后雷珠单抗注射的效果观察

目的：对严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的患者行玻璃体切割术后行雷珠单抗注射的效果观察。方法：回归性分析。12例严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者(12眼)接受睫状体平坦部玻璃体切割术,同时给予硅油、惰性气体或者平衡液的玻璃体腔填充。在手术结束的同时给予雷珠单抗的玻璃体腔注射。结果：随访时间平均为2.75 mo。这12眼中分别包括玻璃体积血(1眼);玻璃体积血伴纤维血管化增生(1眼);玻璃体积血伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(3眼);纤维血管化增生伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(2眼);玻璃体积血伴新生血管性青光眼伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(1眼);玻璃体积血伴纤维血管化增生伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(2眼);玻璃体积血伴纤维血管化增生伴新生血管性青光眼伴牵拉性视网膜脱离(1眼);玻璃体积血伴牵拉性孔源性视网膜脱离(1眼)。12眼中,8眼行玻璃体腔硅油填充,2眼行惰性气体填充,2眼行平衡液填充。所有的患者之前均未接受任何治疗。视网膜脱离复位率为10/10(100%)。1眼术后出现前房积血。9眼术后最佳矫正视力较术前提高,2眼无明显变化,1眼较术前下降。 OCT检查显示8眼术后未见黄斑水肿。结论：玻璃体切割术后雷珠单抗注射对严重增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者有明显的治疗效果：手术成功率明显提高;患者视力显著提高;糖尿病黄斑水肿的发生概率减少;术中及术后并发症的发生率降低。     

2型糖尿病患者增生性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割术后玻璃体再积血原因分析

背景 玻璃体切割术是治疗2型糖尿病患者增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）的有效方法,但术后再次出现玻璃体积血是导致患者视力再次下降的主要原因之一.目的 分析2型糖尿病PDR患者行玻璃体切割术后玻璃体再积血的相关因素,探讨其预防及处理方法.方法 采用系列病例回顾性研究的方法,收集2006年2月至2012年12月在首都医科大学宣武医院及北京同仁医院接受玻璃体切割术的305例2型糖尿病PDR患者305例305眼的临床资料,对其中14例14眼术后发生玻璃体积血的原因、表现和治疗效果进行分析.结果 305例糖尿病PDR患者接受玻璃体切割术后发生玻璃体积血者14例,发生率为4.6％,其中3例眼底病变为PDRⅣ期,4例为Ⅴ期,7例为Ⅵ期.14眼均经标准睫状体切口玻璃体切割术,术中均给予眼内激光光凝,1眼行巩膜外冷凝术,8眼行玻璃体腔内硅油填充.首次玻璃体切割术后6眼视力提高,4眼术后视力无改变,4眼视力较术前下降.术后再次出现玻璃体积血的时间为术后1～7d者9眼,术后8d～3个月者1眼,术后3～6个月者2眼,术后6个月以上者2眼.玻璃体再积血的原因主要为新生血管膜残留、激光光凝范围和强度不足、新生血管形成及血糖浓度不稳定.5眼药物治疗后玻璃体积血吸收,9眼再次行玻璃体手术.最终9眼视力提高,2眼视力不变,3眼视力下降;13眼患眼视网膜复位,1眼硅油填充术后视网膜仍未复位.结论 PDR行玻璃体切割术后玻璃体再积血多发生于术后1周内,与视网膜新生血管残留、眼内激光光凝不充分及血糖水平控制欠佳有关.出血量较少的患者玻璃体积血可以自行吸收或可行药物治疗,出血量较大且持续不吸收的患者需要再次行玻璃体切割术.     

Pars plana incisions of four patients: histopathology and electron microscopy.

The pathology of pars plana incisions of four patients is described: three with light microscopy and one with light and electron microscopy. Two eyes were removed because of choroidal melanoma, immediately and 8 days after vitrectomy and transvitreous retinal biopsy. Considerable disruption of tissues surrounding the pars plana incisions was observed. Vitreous was incarcerated in the wounds, which healed with granulation tissue. One eye was examined 4 months after vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy and a failed pars plana filtering operation. It contained fibrovascular ingrowth from all the incisions, infiltrating the vitreous base with granulation tissue and causing vitreous haemorrhage and retinal detachment. One eye was removed 1 year after vitrectomy for anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation and early phthisis. The wound had fibrous ingrowth histologically and evidence of active fibroplasia.     

Vitrectomy in florid proliferative diabetic retinopathy

In 11 eyes out of 7 patients, vitrectomy was performed for progressive proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The indication for vitrectomy was as follows: (1) macular traction with fibrovascular proliferation on the disk; (2) progressive proliferation with vitreous hemorrhage; (3) fibrovascular proliferation on the disk in spite of intensified scattered photocoagulation. 3 eyes were operated a second time, 1 needed a third vitrectomy after nonresolving hemorrhage. Visual acuity increased after vitrectomy in 9 eyes. In 4 eyes new proliferations on the disk occurred. After an observation period of 1 year, 7 eyes show a stable course.     

Temporary use of intraocular silicone oil in the treatment of complicated retinal detachment

Complicated retinal detachments in 99 eyes were successfully managed by intraocular injections of silicone oil with or without pars plana vitrectomy. The silicone was then subsequently removed after panretinal photocoagulation. Any remaining anterior vitreous cortex near the vitreous base and/or preretinal proliferative tissue causing traction of the retina was also removed by a vitrectome or extracted by a hooked needle after the silicone-fluid exchange had been performed. The preretinal proliferation occurred in some cases even after silicone oil had been removed. Recurrent detachments were discovered in 8 of the 99 eyes and were managed successfully by reinjections of the silicone. Other silicone reinjections were required in two eyes with diabetic retinopathy and two nondiabetic eyes because of frequent rebleeding into the vitreous cavity.Presented at the 1984 meeting of the Club Jules Gonin in Lausanne, Switzerland     

23G玻切术治疗PDR术后早期出血的危险因素分析

目的：分析23G玻璃体切割术治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)术后早期发生出血的危险因素。

方法：回顾性分析2016-06/2018-01于我院行23G玻璃体切割术治疗的PDR患者100例100眼的临床资料,根据术后早期(1mo内)是否发生玻璃体出血分为早期玻璃体出血组(27例)和无玻璃体出血组(73例),分析术后早期发生玻璃体出血的危险因素。

结果：两组患者年龄、术前抗VEGF治疗、术前存在纤维血管膜增殖、术中视盘新生血管出血、术中注入气体情况有明显差异(P<0.01),其中术前存在纤维血管膜增殖、术中存在视盘新生血管出血是导致术后早期出血的独立危险因素。

结论：23G玻璃体切割术治疗PDR术后早期玻璃体出血主要发生于眼底病变严重者,术前存在纤维血管膜增殖及术中视盘新生血管出血会增加其发生风险。     

Vitrectomy in the management of diabetic eye disease.

Vitrectomy techniques including endolaser photocoagulation allow visual rehabilitation in many eyes that are otherwise untreatable. Discerning the indications and timing for diabetic vitrectomy is increasingly important as the treatment of complications of diabetic retinopathy continues to undergo modification and redefinition. The most common indications for diabetic vitrectomy include: 1) severe nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage; 2) traction retinal detachment recently involving the macula; 3) combined traction and rhegmatogenous detachment; 4) progressive fibrovascular proliferation; and 5) rubeosis iridis and vitreous hemorrhage for eyes in which the media opacity has prevented adequate laser photocoagulation. Other less common indications in selected cases include dense premacular hemorrhage, ghost cell glaucoma, macular edema with premacular traction, cataract preventing treatment of severe, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation, and fibrinoid syndrome with retinal detachment. The rationale and surgical objectives are discussed and results are summarized.     

Different outcome among eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy indicated for vitrectomy

PURPOSE: The postoperative outcome was evaluated in each group of surgical indications of vitreous surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), to investigate the factors responsible for postoperative visual prognosis. METHODS: Primary vitrectomy was performed in 119 eyes of 92 patients with PDR. Average postoperative follow-up period was 19 months. The indications for vitrectomy included vitrous hemorrhage in 58 eyes, macular tractional retinal detachment in 17 eyes, extramacular tractional retinal detachment in 10 eyes, macular heterotopia in 11 eyes, and progressive fibrovascular proliferation in the posterior fundus in 23 eyes. RESULTS: The visual acuity finally improved by 2 lines or more in 91 eyes (77%), remained unchanged in 10 eyes (8 %), and decreased by 2 lines or more in 18 eyes (15%). Final postoperative visual acuity was significantly better in cases of vitreous hemorrhage or progressive fibrovascular proliferation in the posterior fundus than in others. Preoperative rubeosis iridis and macular tractional retinal detachment were probably responsible for the final visual impairment, and intraocular tamponade affected the difference in visual prognosis between the groups of surgical indication. Multivariate analysis in all cases revealed that factors influencing visual outcome were preoperative rubeosis iridis and anemia. CONCLUSION: Rubeosis iridis and macular tractional retinal detachment were prognostic factors of the surgery. Vitrectomy for PDR may be effective in improving postoperative visual acuity if performed in the early stage of progressive fibrovascular proliferation in the posterior fundus after sufficient retinal photocoagulation.     

Results of vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

The authors treated 1007 eyes with vitrectomy for complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Indications for surgery were: vitreous hemorrhage, 353 eyes (35%); traction retinal detachment, 360 eyes (36%); combined traction-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 172 eyes (17%); and other progressive fibrovascular proliferation 122 eyes (12%). During the study period, the frequency of vitreous hemorrhage as an indication for surgery decreased from 42 to 25%, and other progressive fibrovascular proliferation increased from 5 to 22%. The frequency of traction and traction/rhegmatogenous retinal detachments did not change. The results of surgery varied according to the indication. Seventy-nine percent of eyes with vitreous hemorrhage obtained final vision of 5/200 or better. Similar results were obtained in 64% of eyes with traction detachment, 56% of eyes with rhegmatogenous detachment, and 81% of eyes with progressive fibrovascular proliferation. The percentage of eyes achieving final vision of 20/100 or better are as follows: vitreous hemorrhage, 48%; traction detachment, 27%; rhegmatogenous detachment, 24%; and progressive fibrovascular proliferation, 46%. The success rate improved in each anatomic category during the last 3 years of the study.     

增生型糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切除手术后再出血病因及治疗

目的 分析增生型糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)玻璃体切割手术后再出血病因，观察再治疗效果。 方法 回顾分析302例PDR患者315只患眼接受玻璃体切割手术治疗后32只眼再出血并再次治疗后随访3~48个月（平均随访时间12个月）的临床资料。 结果 PDR玻璃体切割手术后再出血发生率为10%，再出血发生时间为手术后1～210 d，平均时间为51 d。再出血的主要原因中，28%为巩膜切口纤维血管向内生长，19%为视盘表面残存新生血管膜或血管残端处理不当，22%为视网膜激光光凝不足，9%为视网膜表面新生血管膜剥除不彻底，6%为视网膜静脉阻塞，16%为外力作用。通过冷凝巩膜切口处纤维血管、剥离视盘和视网膜表面残存新生血管膜并电凝视盘表面血管残端、补充视网膜激光光凝、 包扎双眼等治疗，再出血眼视力提高者占91%，视力下降者占9%。再次手术后并发症主要包括再次出血、虹膜后粘连、晶状体混浊加重、角膜上皮愈合延迟等。 结论 PDR玻璃体切割手术治疗后再出血的主要原因是巩膜切口纤维血管向内生长、视盘表面和（或）视网膜表面新生血管膜剥除不彻底、血管残端处理不当、视网膜激光光凝不足和外力作用。处理好巩膜切口、彻底剥离视盘和视网膜表面新生血管膜、电凝血管残端以及足够的视网膜激光光凝是预防和治疗PDR玻璃体切割手术后再出血的有效方法。(中华眼底病杂志,2007,23:238-240)      

Fibrovascular ingrowth and recurrent haemorrhage following diabetic vitrectomy

AIM: To investigate the prevalence and the outcome of management of fibrovascular ingrowth (FVI) in eyes undergoing vitreous cavity washout (VCWO) following vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy. METHOD: FVI was searched for at VCWO for in 19 consecutive eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy undergoing vitreous surgery for recurrent vitreous cavity haemorrhage over an 18 month period; the findings were correlated with the presence or absence of associated sclerotomy vessels externally. Eyes with richly vascularised ingrowths from the pars plana entry sites, as well as eyes with less extensive ingrowths but extensive retinal ablation applied at previous surgery for recurrent haemorrhage, underwent lensectomy and ciliary membrane dissection in addition to extensive retinopexy (n=6). Less severe cases received peripheral laser and cryotherapy only. The outcome of repeat surgery was studied prospectively in the 11 eyes with FVI. RESULTS: 11 of the 19 eyes had a definite FVI from one or more of the original pars plana sclerotomies. In six of 11 eyes with FVI a large external episcleral vessel was present entering the original sclerotomy sites at which ingrowth was found peroperatively, but such sclerotomy vessels were also present in three of eight eyes with no FVI detected on the internal aspect of the sclerotomy. Two patients were lost to follow up and the remaining nine patients with FVI had no further vitreous cavity haemorrhage during initial follow up of 2-5 months. CONCLUSIONS: FVI has until now been considered an infrequent occurrence following vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy. These findings would suggest that it is not uncommon and careful examination of the sclerotomy sites should be undertaken in all cases with recurrent haemorrhage and if FVI is found this should be treated appropriately.     

应用免光导玻璃体手术治疗严重增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的临床对比研究

目的探讨应用免光导玻璃体手术和传统玻璃体手术治疗伴有广泛纤维血管增殖的严重增生性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）的效果。方法对18例（22只眼）伴有广泛纤维血管增殖预计手术操作较复杂的PDR患者,采用免光导玻璃体手术联合剥膜、视网膜复位、光凝等附加术式,术中双手操作;再由同一术者在相近时间段,采用传统玻璃体手术治疗20例（22只眼）伴有广泛纤维血管增殖的PDR患者作为对照。结果两种方式的玻璃体手术过程均顺利。但免光导玻璃体手术中,有晶状体眼在气液交换时眼底无法窥入,需回归到传统玻璃体手术的眼内照明方式。两种手术方式的患者视网膜均能完全复位,术后视力改善率分别为86．4％和77．3％,两者间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;两种手术方式的并发症均较少,其发生率差异也无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;免光导玻璃体手术中平均剥膜时间比传统玻璃体手术时间短,两者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论两种方式的玻璃体手术对严重PDR均有较好的疗效。免光导玻璃体手术剥膜的安全性较高,尤其在剥膜、电凝止血及周边部操作等方面,免光导玻璃体手术采用双手操作方式的效率较高。     

Efficacy of fluid-air exchange for postvitrectomy diabetic vitreous hemorrhage.

We reviewed the records of 33 fluid-air exchanges to assess the efficacy of fluid-air exchange in the management of recurrent vitreous cavity hemorrhage after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Fluid-air exchange alone was successful in clearing the vitreous cavity in ten of 20 eyes after a mean of 1.5 exchanges per eye. Repeat vitrectomy was required in the remaining ten eyes and anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation was frequently found. Hemorrhages that occurred in the late postoperative period (more than nine months) appeared more likely to be successfully treated with fluid-air exchange alone. Failure of the initial fluid-air exchange to induce clearing immediately after the procedure appeared to be associated with subsequent exchange failures and need for surgical intervention. Complications from the exchange procedure were infrequent with the development of peripheral retinal detachment in one eye. Our current recommendation for nonclearing recurrent postvitrectomy diabetic vitreous hemorrhage is to perform a fluid-air exchange, provided no other high-risk characteristics are present. If clearing occurs in the immediate postexchange period but rebleeding occurs at a later period, we recommend a second fluid-air exchange. If clearing does not occur in the immediate postexchange period, we recommend proceeding directly to revision of vitrectomy.     

膜分割和膜清除方法对增生性糖尿病视网膜病变患者玻璃体手术效果的影响

目的研究增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)合并纤维血管膜患者行膜分割和膜清除两种手术方法的临床效果。方法对1996-2000年行玻璃体手术的276例(296只眼)PDR患者的连续临床资料进行回顾性分析。严格选择术后随访时间超过4个月者,硅油填充眼必须是在取出硅油后超过3个月者。所有患者的视网膜上均有纤维血管膜,201只眼合并不同程度的玻璃体积血,101只眼合并不同程度的牵拉性视网膜脱离。在玻璃体手术中,110只眼采用膜分割方法,186只眼采用膜清除方法。比较“膜分割”与“膜清除”两组患者术中医源性视网膜裂孔、术后玻璃体积血及术后视力>0.1的发生率。并对膜分割和膜清除组中采用同一种填充物眼的疗效进行比较。结果两组患者的性别、年龄及病变分型比较,差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。膜分割组患者视网膜裂孔发生率(35.5％)低于膜清除组(54.3％),而术后视网膜再出血率和术后视力的改善率在两种手术方法间差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论膜分割组患者术中形成视网膜裂孔的风险小,术后出血的发生率稍低于膜清除组;两组患者术后视力改善率差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。建议初学者行PDR玻璃体手术时应从膜分割起步。(中华眼科杂志,2004,40:439-442)     

Influence of vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy on health-related quality of life

PURPOSE: To evaluate the vision-related quality of life (QOL) in patients undergoing vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy with the Japanese version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects were 87 patients undergoing vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy of vitreous hemorrhage, macular edema, or fibrovascular membrane, only for the subject eye, or for subjects undergoing vitrectomy for the fellow eye within 6 months or later. The VFQ-25 date was recorded one month before and 6 months after the vitrectomy. The VFQ-25 data were compared before and after the vitrectomy. The subjects were classified by the pathological condition: 41 eyes with vitreous hemorrhage, 28 eyes with macular edema, and 18 eyes with fibrovascular membrane. RESULTS: The average VFQ-25 scores of all the patients increased in almost all of the 12 subscales. Vitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage was most effective in improving the VFQ-25 score, in improving 10 of the 12 subscales in the VFQ-25, and in increasing VFQ-25 scores to almost the same level as in phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation for cataract patients in both eyes. CONCLUSION: NEI VFQ-25 quantitatively clarified that vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy is effective in increasing the QOL of diabetic retinopathy patients.