阿托伐他汀与曲美他嗪联用治疗冠心病的临床疗效

目的临床比较单用阿托伐他汀与联合应用曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的疗效观察。方法将我院自2010年1月至2011年9月诊断为冠心病患者80例纳入本研究,随机平均分为2组,即对照组(40例)和试验组(40例),对照组予冠心病常规治疗方法,同时单独使用阿托伐他;试验组在对照组基础上将阿托伐他汀与曲美他嗪联合应用。通过治疗,8周后观察对照组与实验组的疗效对比。结果对照组的临床有效率为66.9%;试验组的临床有效率为79.8%,对照组有效率明显低于试验组,经统计学分析具有可比性(P<0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀与曲美他嗪联用治疗冠心病效果安全有效,临床上应提倡此种联合用药治疗。     

阿托伐他汀与曲美他嗪联用治疗冠心病的临床疗效

目的探讨阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的临床疗效分析。方法选取2014年1月至2016年5月我院收治的89例冠心病患者,采用随机数字分为对照组44例观察组45例。对照组冠心病患者单独采用曲美他嗪治疗,观察组患者给予阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪实施治疗,对比两组患者临床疗效及预后。结果观察组冠心病患者治疗效果明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组冠心病患者治疗后,心绞痛发作、心电图ST下降1 mm所用时间均显然优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论单纯使用曲美他嗪治疗冠心病具有一定疗效,但阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病效果更显著,可有效减少患者发病次数,且不良反应发生率低,有效改善患者生活质量,值得推广。     

探讨阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的疗效

目的：研究阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的治疗效果。方法100例冠心病患者,根据不同的治疗方法将其分为实验组50例和对照组50例。两组患者均先进行常规治疗,对照组患者在常规治疗的基础上,单纯服用曲美他嗪进行治疗。实验组患者在常规治疗的基础上,采用阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪的治疗方法,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果实验组的治疗总有效率94%优于对照组70%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后实验组患者的心率、血糖、血红蛋白改善情况明显优于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论使用阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病效果显著,并且无其他明显不良反应,值得临床推广使用。     

阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的临床分析

目的探讨阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的临床效果。方法选取126例的冠心病患者,将其分为两组,观察组采用阿托伐他汀与曲美他嗪联合治疗,对照组仅采用曲美他嗪治疗,比较两组疗效。结果观察组患者治疗总有效率、运动持续时间、诱发心绞痛发作时间、ST段下移1 mm时间与对照组比较存在明显差异(P<0.05);两组不良反无差异(P>0.05)。结论采用阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪方式对冠心病患者实施治疗可显著提高治疗效果,且有较高安全性。     

阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的可行性及效果初评

目的探讨阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的可行性及效果。方法 50例冠心病患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组25例。对照组患者使用阿托伐他汀进行治疗,观察组患者使用阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪进行治疗。对比两组疗效。结果观察组治疗总有效率为92.00%(23/25),明显高于对照组的60.00%(15/25),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者应用阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪进行治疗,能够快速对患者的临床症状进行缓解,值得广泛推广应用。     

阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病的临床药学效果评价

目的探讨阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病临床药学效果。方法抽取至我院就诊的冠心病患者84例(2015年5月15日至2017年5月15日)作为本次的研究对象,依照入院时间的顺序进行分组,每组均42例。其中对常规组单纯采取曲美他嗪治疗,对实验组采取阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗,对比两组的临床疗效。结果实验组与常规组的治疗总有效率分别为95.24%与80.95%,P <0.05;实验组与常规组的不良反应发生率分别为4.76%与7.14%,P> 0.05。结论对冠心病患者采取阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗的效果显著,便于改善患者的临床症状,药物安全有效,值得采纳。     

曲美他嗪联合阿托伐他汀治疗冠心病的疗效

目的探讨冠心病以曲美他嗪联合阿托伐他汀治疗的疗效。方法选取90例于2013年5月至2014年5月期间我院接收的冠心病患者,根据治疗方案不同将90例冠心病患者分为对照组与实验组,均给予常规治疗+阿托伐他汀治疗,实验组加用曲美他嗪治疗,观察两组疗效。结果实验组较对照组临床疗效显著(P<0.05),同时治疗后,实验组较对照组心绞痛持续时间、发作次数明显要少(P<0.05),且治疗后血脂指标均显著改善,优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者采取曲美他嗪联合阿托伐他汀治疗,可取得满意疗效,安全可靠,具有广泛推广价值。     

曲美他嗪联合阿托伐他汀在冠心病临床治疗中的应用

目的 观察曲美他嗪联合阿托伐他汀在冠心病临床治疗中的疗效。方法 选择本院因冠心病来就诊的140例患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组70人,对照组经验性给予阿托伐他汀,实验组在对照组治疗方法基础上,服用曲美他嗪。持续4周后,比较两组患者有效率及血脂、C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平。结果 治疗后实验组临床疗效明显好于对照组,实验组CRP、血脂水平明显低于对照组,对照组有效率82.86%,实验组有效率95.71%,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组不良反应比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 曲美他嗪联合阿托伐他汀在冠心病临床治疗中效果明确,值得临床推广。     

阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病心绞痛的效果

目的：探讨阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心病心绞痛的效果.方法：将我院近期收治的80例冠心痛心绞痛患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组均40例,观察组给予阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗,对照组给予曲美他嗪单独给药.对比两组治疗效果的不同.结果：对照组总有效率显著次于观察组,差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）.结论：阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗冠心痛心绞痛的效果显著,值得推广。     

阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床观察

目的:观察阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗不稳定型心绞痛的疗效。方法:96例患者随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组48例,对照组给予阿司匹林肠溶片、β-受体阻滞剂、低分子肝素、硝酸盐制剂、钙拮抗剂治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用阿托伐他汀和曲美他嗪,疗程均为8周,观察两组治疗总用效率。结果:阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗不稳定型心绞痛总有效率明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀联合曲美他嗪治疗不稳定型心绞痛疗效明显,值得临床推广。     

Role of glutathione in reduction of arsenate and of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in disposition of arsenite in rats

Arsenate (AsV), the environmentally prevalent form of arsenic, is converted sequentially in the body to arsenite (AsIII), monomethylarsonic acid (MMAsV), monomethylarsonous acid (MMAsIII), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAsV) and some trimethylated metabolites. Although the biliary excretion of arsenic in rats is known to be glutathione (GSH)-dependent, involving transport of arsenic-GSH conjugates, the role of GSH in the reduction of AsV to the more toxic AsIII in vivo has not been defined. Therefore, we studied how the fate of AsV is influenced by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), which depletes GSH in tissues. Control and BSO-treated rats were given AsV (50 micromol/kg, i.v.) and arsenic metabolites in bile, urine, blood and tissues were analysed by HPLC-HG-AFS. BSO increased retention of AsV in blood and tissues and decreased appearance of AsIII in blood, bile (by 96%) and urine (by 63%). The biliary excretion of MMAsIII was also nearly abolished, the appearance of MMAsIII and MMAsV in the blood was delayed and the renal concentrations of these monomethylated arsenicals were decreased by BSO. Interestingly, appearance of DMAsV in blood and urine remained unchanged and the concentrations of this metabolite in the kidneys and muscle were even increased in response to BSO. To test the role of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in arsenic disposition, the effect of the of the GGT inhibitor acivicin was investigated in rats injected with AsIII (50 micromol/kg, i.v.). Acivicin lowered the hepatic and renal GGT activities and increased the biliary as well as urinary excretion of GSH, but failed to alter the disposition (i.e. blood and tissue concentrations, biliary and urinary excretion) of AsIII and its metabolites. In conclusion, shortage of GSH decreases not only the hepatobiliary transport of arsenic, but also reduction of AsV and the formation of monomethylated arsenic, while not hindering the production of dimethylated arsenic. While GSH plays an important role in the disposition and toxicity of arsenic, GGT, which hydrolyses GSH and GSH conjugates, apparently does not influence the fate of the GSH-reactive trivalent arsenicals in rats.     

微透析取样技术在中药体内分析中的应用研究进展

本文综述了微透析取样技术在中药体内分析中的应用,介绍微透析取样技术的原理、组成、探针类型、特点,重点阐述了微透析取样技术在测定脑、血液、皮肤等组织器官中中药有效成分浓度的应用实例。表明微透析取样技术在中药药效研究中具有广阔的前景。     

应用PASS系统分析我院2010年住院医嘱

目的:了解我院2010年住院患者的合理用药情况,探讨如何利用合理用药监测系统( PASS)提高合理用药水平.方法:利用PASS对我院2010年15 966例住院患者的1 184 997条用药医嘱进行监测,以黑色警示医嘱为依据,收集不合理用药信息,并对监测结果进行统计、分析.结果:不合理用药医嘱50 261条,发生率为4.24％.绝对禁止黑色医嘱5441条,主要为药物相互作用(66.54％)、注射液体外配伍(17.86％)、用法用量(15.46％)、儿童警告(1.14％).结论:应用PASS系统能有效监测医嘱中的不合理用药情况,有利于提高临床合理用药水平,但PASS系统尚存在局限性,有待进一步完善.     

Changes in levels of dependency and predictors of mortality in elderly people in institutional care in Dunedin

The 1983 study of dependency of subjects in institutional care in Dunedin was repeated two years later. A significant increase in levels of dependency in residential homes, particularly in the Religious and Welfare sector was found. In 1983 there were 29 high dependency residents and 73 medium dependency residents in residential homes. In 1985 these numbers had increased to 55 and 86 respectively. There was no change in the number of low dependency residents. In 1983, 6 high dependency residents had been admitted to residential home care in the year prior to the study. In 1985 the number of high dependency residents recently admitted had increased to 23. There had also been a significant increase in the dependency of patients in Religious and Welfare continuing care hospitals. Of the 933 subjects in institutional care in 1983 who were able to be followed, 354 (37.9%) died in the following 2 years. Mortality rate was higher for those in hospital care (48.1%) than for those in residential home care (29.6%). Mortality rates were higher in more dependent subjects and this was evident for each measure of dependency.     

应用PASS系统对我院2008年住院医嘱的分析

目的监测分析2008年我院住院患者用药情况。方法将PASS系统嵌入医生工作站、临床药学工作站等子系统,构建合理用药计算机网络系统,对住院医嘱进行及时监测,将监测结果向医生反馈,并对其进行统计、分析。结果2008年共监测医嘱3 620 241条,不合理医嘱908条,占0.02%。不合理医嘱中,配伍禁忌(381条)占41.96%,用法用量(381条)占41.96%,药物相互作用(108条)占11.89%,儿童用药(38条)占4.19%。经与医生沟通后,更改不合理医嘱856条,占94.27%。结论PASS系统可有效监测医嘱中的不合理用药,通过与医生交流,大大减少药物不良事件的发生,值得临床推广应用,也为临床药师开展工作带来了极大的便利。但PASS系统尚存在局限性,有待进一步完善。     

Role of desacetylation in the detoxification of cephalothin in renal cells in culture

The toxicity of three cephalosporin antibiotics to rabbit kidney cells in culture was compared to their known nephrotoxic potential in vivo (cephaloridine greater than cefazolin greater than cephalothin). While cephalothin is considered to be a relatively nonnephrotoxic cephalosporin when administered to many species including humans and rabbits, in several in vitro systems involving rabbit renal tissue, cephalothin was comparatively more toxic than anticipated based on in vivo data. Cephalothin is extensively desacetylated in rabbits to a less microbiologically active metabolite, desacetylcephalothin. When a microsomal S9 fraction from rabbit kidney was added to the in vitro assay in cultured rabbit renal cells, cephalothin was desacetylated and its toxicity to kidney cells was reduced. The addition of S9 in vitro provided a toxicity ranking of the cephalosporins that correlated with their known in vivo nephrotoxic potentials (cephaloridine greater than cefazolin greater than cephalothin). The in vitro detoxification of cephalothin by S9 was blocked by the coadministration of the esterase inhibitor, aminocarb. Desacetylcephalothin was relatively nontoxic to rabbit renal tissue in vitro. These results suggest that the desacetylation of cephalothin in vivo represents a previously unrecognized mechanism of detoxification of this cephalosporin antibiotic. Furthermore, this mechanism of detoxification may be applicable to other acetylated cephalosporins.     

2009年某院住院患者抗真菌药用药调查

目的:分析讨论某院抗真菌药使用的合理性,为临床安全有效地使用抗真菌药提供参考。方法:回顾性统计分析某院2009年住院患者抗真菌药用药信息。结果:2009年某院住院患者抗真菌药DDDs排名前3名分别为:氟康唑、制霉菌素和伊曲康唑;使用金额排名前3名分别为:氟康唑、米卡芬净及卡泊芬净;更换一种抗真菌药进行治疗的患者数为176人,在全部患者中占13.4%。结论:应进一步强化用药指征的意识,提高标本送检率,同时改善某些抗真菌用药不合理更换的现象,以避免耐药性发生,从而更好更长远地体现抗真菌药的治疗价值。     

Kinetics of in vitro metabolism of methoxyphenamine in rats

1. Methoxyphenamine (MP) was metabolized in vitro by rat liver preparations to O-desmethylmethoxyphenamine (O-desmethyl-MP), N-desmethylmethoxyphenamine (N-desmethyl-MP) and 5-hydroxymethoxyphenamine (5-hydroxy-MP). These metabolic pathways were inhibited by SKF 525-A and carbon monoxide, which indicates that these reactions were mediated at least partly by an NADPH-dependent cytochrome P-450 system. 2. Strain differences in the metabolism of this drug in vitro were observed in female Lewis and Dark Agouti (DA) rats, which are proposed models for human debrisoquine phenotypes. Methoxyphenamine O-demethylase and 5-hydroxylase activity in DA rats were lower than those in Lewis rats. 3. The metabolic transformation of methoxyphenamine in vitro to O-desmethyl-MP was inhibited competitively by debrisoquine and sparteine. This indicates that the cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme mediating the metabolism of MP to O-desmethyl-MP is similar to that mediating metabolism of debrisoquine and sparteine. However, no inhibition was observed with methenytoin.     

Comparison of in vitro cell models in predicting in vivo brain entry of drugs

Although several in vitro models have been reported to predict the ability of drug candidates to cross the blood-brain barrier, their real in vivo relevance has rarely been evaluated. The present study demonstrates the in vivo relevance of simple unidirectional permeability coefficient (P(app)) determined in three in vitro cell models (BBMEC, Caco-2 and MDCKII-MDR1) for nine model drugs (alprenolol, atenolol, metoprolol, pindolol, entacapone, tolcapone, baclofen, midazolam and ondansetron) by using dual probe microdialysis in the rat brain and blood as an in vivo measure. There was a clear correlation between the P(app) and the unbound brain/blood ratios determined by in vivo microdialysis (BBMEC r=0.99, Caco-2 r=0.91 and MDCKII-MDR1 r=0.85). Despite of the substantial differences in the absolute in vitro P(app) values and regardless of the method used (side-by-side vs. filter insert system), the capability of the in vitro models to rank order drugs was similar. By this approach, thus, the additional value offered by the true endothelial cell model (BBMEC) remains obscure. The present results also highlight the need of both in vitro as well as in vivo methods in characterization of blood-brain barrier passage of new drug candidates.