经翼点入路开颅动脉瘤夹闭术治疗脉络膜前动脉起始部动脉瘤的临床研究

目的：观察经翼点入路开颅动脉瘤夹闭术治疗脉络膜前动脉起始部动脉瘤的疗效。方法：选择住院治疗的8例脉络膜前动脉起始部动脉瘤患者作为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。所有患者均采用经翼点入路显微镜下动脉瘤夹闭术治疗,观察其预后转归情况。结果：所有患者动脉瘤均直接夹闭。术后随访3～6个月,按GOS预后评定：恢复良好6例、中度病残1例、重度病残1例,无一例死亡。复查DSA或MRI,动脉瘤均成功夹闭,未再出血。结论：经翼点入路开颅能满意显露脉络膜前动脉起始部动脉瘤,行夹闭术治疗时对脑损伤小,并发症少,可以取得较好的治疗效果。     

经翼点锁孔手术治疗前循环动脉瘤

目的 探讨经翼点锁孔入路治疗前循环动脉瘤的可行性和手术方法。方法 对18例彰循环动脉瘤采用经翼点锁孔入路进行夹闭术，其中后交通动脉脉瘤9例，大脑中动脉瘤3例，前交通动脉动脉瘤6例。患者Hunt-Hess临床分级均在Ⅲ级以内。结果 均获得成功夹闭，术后无面神经损伤表现，平均手术时间缩短1～2h。1例左后交通动脉瘤术中破裂，术后出现一过性感觉和运动性失语。结论 经过慎重的选择病例以及术前周密的手术设计，经翼点锁孔入路治疗前循环动脉瘤是一种较理想的术式。     

经翼点锁孔手术治疗前循环动脉瘤

目的 探讨经翼点锁孔入路治疗前循环动脉瘤的可行性和手术方法。方法 对18例前循环动脉瘤采用经翼点锁孔入路进行夹闭术,其中后交通动脉动脉瘤9例、大脑中动脉动脉瘤3例、前交通动脉动脉瘤6例。患者Hunt-Hess临床分级均在Ⅲ级以内。结果 均获得成功夹闭,术后无面神经损伤表现,平均手术时间缩短1~2h。1例左后交通动脉瘤术中破裂,术后出现一过性感觉和运动性失语。结论 经过慎重的选择病例以及术前周密的手术设计,经翼点锁孔入路治疗前循环动脉瘤是一种较理想的术式。     

经翼点锁孔入路治疗颅内前循环动脉瘤45例

目的:探讨经翼点锁孔入路治疗前循环动脉瘤的可行性和手术方法。方法:对前循环动脉瘤45例48枚动脉瘤采用经翼点锁孔入路夹闭术。其中前交通动脉瘤15枚、后交通动脉瘤13枚、大脑中动脉瘤11枚、大脑前动脉瘤5枚、颈内动脉分叉部动脉瘤2枚,脉络膜前动脉瘤及眼动脉瘤各1枚。结果:所有病例均获得成功夹闭,根据GOS评估标准,恢复良好者40例,轻残4例,重残1例,无死亡病例。术后无感染、出血、脑脊液漏等手术相关并发症。结论:内镜辅助下锁孔技术的显微神经外科手术治疗脑动脉瘤安全有效。     

经翼点入路显微手术治疗前交通动脉瘤的疗效观察

目的:探讨前交通动脉瘤采用经翼点入路显微手术治疗的时机、治疗要点及临床疗效。方法:对37例经脑血管造影确诊为前交通动脉瘤的患者均进行经翼点入路、显微镜直视下夹闭手术。结果:37例患者术中均成功夹闭前交通动脉瘤颈。出院时恢复良好31例,占83.8%;中度、重度残疾各2例,分别占5.4%;死亡2例,占5.4%。幸存的35例患者术后随访8~12个月,5例出现一定程度脑积水,30例定期复查脑血管造影检查,无1例动脉瘤复发或破裂出血。结论:经翼点入路显微手术术中视野开阔,配以娴熟显微操作技术,可获得良好疗效。     

显微手术夹闭破裂前循环动脉瘤46例临床分析

目的 总结显微手术夹闭46例破裂前循环动脉瘤的经验.方法 46例破裂前循环动脉瘤均采用显微手术直接夹闭或包裹术,术前常规行腰穿外引流以降低颅内压,均采用翼点入路手术直视手术.术中充分分离侧裂池、颈动脉池及视交叉池,分离动脉瘤颈后选择适合动脉瘤夹完全夹闭动脉瘤颈.结果 46例颅内动脉瘤手术夹闭48个动脉瘤,1例行包裹术.恢复良好34例,轻残5例,中残3例,重残2例,死亡2例.结论 破裂前循环动脉瘤应积极手术治疗,经翼点入路手术夹闭效果良好.     

经翼点入路显微手术夹闭治疗颅内动脉瘤体会

目的 探讨经翼点入路显微手术夹闭治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效.方法 回顾性分析13例采用经翼点入路显微手术夹闭治疗颅内动脉瘤的临床应用情况及效果.结果 本组病例均行一次性夹闭,共13个动脉瘤,手术后早期效果：良好10例,轻残2例,重残1例,无死亡病例.结论 经翼点入路显微手术夹闭术是治疗颅内动脉瘤的主要方法,能充分显露动脉瘤,临时阻断血流,提高颅内动脉瘤的手术疗效.     

翼点入路显微外科治疗前交通动脉瘤

目的 探讨经翼点入路夹闭前交通动脉瘤的方法和结果.方法 回顾分析我院2004年4月至2007年5月间经翼点入路夹闭前交通动脉瘤12例的临床资料,介绍翼点入路.结果 12例前交通动脉瘤患者经翼点入路均成功夹闭,良好8例,中残2例.1例遗留精神症状,无死亡病例.结论 前交通动脉瘤变异,畸形较多,穿支多,动脉瘤方向多变,翼点入路可满意暴露动脉瘤,脑损伤小,并发症少.     

经翼点入路手术治疗前交通动脉瘤

目的：探讨经翼点入路手术治疗前循环动脉瘤的可行性和手术方法。方法：回顾分析显微外科手术治疗颅内动脉瘤的临床资料、手术方式与术后转归。结果：18例前交通动脉瘤夹闭术后,恢复良好16例,轻残1例,重残1例。结论：经过慎重的选择病例以及术前周密的手术设计,经翼点入路治疗前循环动脉瘤是一种较理想的术式。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.