选择性后路减压植骨融合内固定手术治疗腰椎退变性侧弯的临床研究

目的探究选择性后路减压植骨融合内固定手术治疗腰椎退变性侧弯的临床疗效。方法选取我院2010年1月-2013年1月收治的54例腰椎退变性侧弯患者为研究对象,所有患者均行选择性后路减压植骨融合内固定手术,术后随访1年观察患者手术前后Cobb角、VAS评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数评分等情况。结果术后随访1年患者Cobb角差异有统计学意义,P〈0.05。结论选择性后路减压植骨融合内固定手术治疗腰椎退变性侧弯效果明显,能有效矫正侧弯角度,缓解疼痛,值得深入研究应用。     

手术治疗退变性腰椎侧凸并椎管狭窄的疗效

目的 探讨后路腰椎手术治疗退变性腰椎侧凸并椎管狭窄的临床疗效.方法 21例退变性腰椎侧凸并椎管狭窄患者均行后路腰椎椎管减压植骨融合加椎弓根钉棒内固定手术.并测量术前和术后患者X线上腰椎冠状面Cobb's角和矢状面的前凸角.结果 21例患者均获随访,随访时间6～54个月,平均30个月.优10例,良8例,可3例;优良率为85.7%.术后冠状面Cobb's角为5°～20°,平均12.5°;腰椎前凸角为-45°～-20°,平均-31.5°.结论 采用后路腰椎椎管减压植骨融合加椎弓根钉棒内固定术治疗退变性腰椎侧凸并椎管狭窄患者能取得满意的疗效,并能重建腰椎序列及稳定脊柱,对巩固治疗效果有重要作用.     

合并椎管狭窄的退变性腰椎侧弯经后路手术治疗效果

目的 探讨经后路手术治疗合并椎管狭窄退变性腰椎侧弯的临床疗效.方法 随机选取2014年8月-2015年8月该院收治的退变性腰椎侧弯合并椎管狭窄患者100例,均经后路实施手术治疗,观察患者术后腰背痛症状变化、神经源性间歇性跛行缓解、足下垂、并发症、死亡及腰椎前凸角、冠状面平均Cobb角变化、VAS评分情况.结果 术后有88例患者腰背疼痛症状明显缓解.神经源性间歇性跛行患者比例减至1.0%、足下垂患者比例减至0.0%,明显小于术前;腰椎前凸角矫正为-45~-16B,明显小于术前;冠状面平均Cobb角矫正为0~21B,明显小于术前;VAS评分为(0.78±0.22)分,明显低于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 经后路手术治疗合并椎管狭窄退变性腰椎侧弯具有良好的疗效,可有效缓解临床症状,实现彻底神经减压.     

单纯椎管减压术与椎管减压内固定融合术治疗退变性腰椎滑脱的短期疗效分析

目的 采用回顾性对照研究方法比较单纯椎管减压术和椎管减压内固定融合术在治疗退变性腰椎滑脱的短期疗效。方法 回顾行单纯椎管减压术和椎管减压内固定融合术共105位患者,根据纳入及排除标准筛选出进入研究的患者共78例,单纯椎管减压术患者52例,椎管减压内固定融合术患者26例。收集并记录患者年龄,性别,住院时间,术中出血量,手术时间,下床时间,植骨融合情况,术前、术后10天、3月、术后1年末次随访VAS评分,术前、术后3月、术后1年末次随访ODI评分,随访时间均大于12月。结果 椎管减压内固定融合组术中失血量、手术时间、住院时间、下床时间、术后并发症和术后10天VAS评分明显高于单纯椎管减压组(P<0.05);术后3月、末次随访时两组VAS评分,ODI评分比较,差异无统计学意义。结论 单纯椎管减压术和椎管减压内固定融合术是治疗退变性腰椎滑脱安全有效的手术方式,单纯椎管减压术具有手术创伤小、出血少、术后并发症少、花费少的优点。     

后路腰椎椎管减压融合内固定术治疗退变性腰椎椎管狭窄合并节段性腰椎不稳的临床疗效

目的:对比分析后路腰椎椎管减压融合内固定术与单纯椎管减压术用于退变性腰椎椎管狭窄合并节段性腰椎不稳的临床效果. 方法:选取近年来收治的退变性腰椎椎管狭窄合并节段性腰椎不稳的患者60例,年龄59~78岁,随机分成试验组与对照组,2组均为30例. 试验组在治疗时接受后路腰椎椎管减压融合内固定术,对照组接受单纯椎管减压术. 观察及对比2组临床疗效. 结果:在60例患者中,后路腰椎椎管减压融合内固定术总的有效率93.34%,单纯椎管减压术总的有效率为83. 33%. 经x2检验后得出,后路腰椎椎管减压融合内固定术的有效率均高于用单纯椎管减压术,差异有统计学意义(P=0.009).结论:后路腰椎椎管减压融合内固定术对于退变性腰椎椎管狭窄合并节段性腰椎不稳患者具有较好的临床疗效,较单纯椎管减压术对退变性腰椎椎管狭窄合并节段性腰椎不稳的并发症明显减少.     

CD系统内固定加椎管减压横突间植骨治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄症23例分析

目的:观察对保守治疗无效的退变性腰椎椎管狭窄患者采用椎管减压、CD内固定的效果。方法:采用椎管减压、CD系统内固定、横突间植骨治疗退变性腰椎管狭窄23例。结果:23例退变性腰椎管狭窄症经上述手术治疗后,无神经损伤和感染等并发症发生,随诊21例,优良率95.2%(20例)。结论:彻底的椎管减压,解除神经根马尾的压迫,同时行内固定加横突间植骨融合,脊柱稳定性强,融合率高,有效纠正畸形。     

前入路行椎管内减压植骨内固定术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折合并脊髓损伤56例效果观察

目的:观察不同入路行椎管内减压植骨内固定术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折合并脊髓损伤的手术效果。方法:根据椎管骨块占位程度将111例胸腰椎爆裂骨折合并脊髓损伤患者分为前入路组55例和后入路组56例,分别行椎管内减压植骨内固定术,术后对比围术期指标、手术前后伤椎高度与后凸Cobb角的变化。结果:前入路组手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量和植骨融合时间高于后入路组,差异具有显著性统计学意义(P0.05);2组患者术后均能够提高伤椎前缘高度、后缘高度和降低后凸Cobb角,但前入路组提高伤椎前缘高度、后缘高度和降低后凸Cobb角幅度明显高于后入路组,差异具有显著性统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:后入路椎管内减压植骨内固定术能够通过缩短手术时间和降低术中出血量降低手术风险,前入路椎管内减压植骨内固定术能够通过恢复伤椎高度和降低后凸Cobb角改善临床症状与体征,临床应根据骨折类型、骨折部位和椎管受压程度选择入路方式。     

经椎弓根皮质骨轨迹螺钉固定术在老年退变性腰椎疾病中的应用

目的探讨应用经椎弓根皮质骨轨迹(CBT)螺钉内固定术治疗老年退变性腰椎疾病的临床疗效。方法42例老年退变性腰椎疾病患者,根据治疗方式不同分为观察组20例和对照组22例。观察组采用CBT螺钉内固定术治疗,对照组采用传统椎弓根螺钉内固定技术治疗。比较2组手术时间、手术出血量、手术切口长度、主要手术并发症和腰腿疼痛评分(VAS)及腰椎功能评分(ODI)改善情况,并观察术后1年的植骨融合率。结果观察组手术出血量、手术切口长度小于对照组(P<0.001),而2组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访12～24个月(平均18.5个月),2组术后VAS评分、ODI评分随术后时间逐渐下降,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组术后各时间段VAS及ODI评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年观察组植骨融合率为100%(20/20例),对照组为95.5%(21/22例),2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组并发症4例(20.0%),与对照组3例(13.6%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经椎弓根皮质骨轨迹螺钉技术治疗老年退变性腰椎疾病能获得与传统手术相似的临床疗效,且具有手术创伤小、出血少等优点。     

有症状退变性腰椎侧弯的手术治疗

目的：回顾性分析有症状的退变性腰椎侧弯的手术方法及其疗效。方法：对本院2005年10月至2008年7月间31例行手术治疗退变性腰椎侧弯患者的症状、体征、影像学、手术方法、治疗结果进行分析。结果：全部病例获得随访,时间0.9-3.5年,平均2.5年。术后平均侧弯矫正率为58.0%,硬脊膜囊撕裂2例,深部组织感染1例。随访期间矫正度数、椎间隙高度无丢失。融合器无移位,内固定物融合良好,植骨融合率100%。结论：退变性腰椎侧弯是腰椎退变的严重病理变化,其主要临床症状是下腰痛;如合并有腰椎管狭窄症会出现神经系统症状。治疗有症状退变性腰椎侧弯的主要目的是稳定腰椎,重建腰椎序列,彻底神经减压;手术方式的选择要根据腰椎退变程度、临床表现和影像学资料、个体化差异综合考虑。     

退变性腰椎侧凸手术方式选择及疗效观察

目的探讨退变性腰椎侧凸两种手术方式的选择及不同治疗方法的疗效观察。方法选取2009年1月至2014年1月周口市中心医院收治的25例退变性腰椎侧凸患者,根据临床表现,选择两种手术方法:A组(10例)以根性症状为主,腰部疼痛较轻,无冠状位及矢状位失平衡,行短节段固定、椎管减压、椎体间植骨融合。B组(15例)以大范围的下腰痛为主,伴有腰部支撑功能受损,行长节段椎弓根螺钉固定矫形、椎管选择性减压、选择性椎间或横突间植骨融合;两组均术后1周左右佩带胸腰部支具下床活动。结果 25例均顺利完成手术,术后腰椎侧凸Cobb’s角平均9.7°(5°~20°),VAS评分平均为2.3分,术中脑脊液漏1例,术后切口不愈合1例。两组手术时间和术中出血量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后VAS评分和ODI评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两种不同的手术方式治疗退变性腰椎侧凸疗效满意,应综合考虑患者的年龄、症状、脊柱失平衡状态及退变程度选择合适的手术方式。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.