类风湿关节炎外周血三种细胞因子检测及临床意义

目的:检测类风湿关节炎(RA)患者外周血清中白介素17(IL-17)、白介素6(IL-6)、白介素8(IL-8)的水平,探讨这些细胞因子与疾病活动的相关性。方法:活动期RA患者40例,非活动期RA患者35例,正常对照组30例。用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测外周血中IL-17、IL-6和IL-8的水平,比浊法测CRP,魏氏法测ESR。结果:活动期RA患者外周血中IL-17、IL-6和IL-8的水平明显高于非活动期RA患者(P<0.01)和健康对照组(P<0.01),并与疾病活动指标ESR和CRP呈正相关。结论:IL-17、IL-6和IL-8参与了RA的发病,与疾病活动呈正相关,可以作为疾病活动监测指标。     

类风湿性关节炎的病理生理特点与中医四诊信息的相关性分析

【目的】运用多元统计分析的方法分析中医四诊信息与类风湿性关节炎(RA)细胞因子[白细胞介素8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素10(IL-10)]、临床炎性检查指标[血沉(ESR)和C反应蛋白(CRP)]和临床免疫学检查指标[免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、类风湿因子(RF)、补体C3]的相关性。【方法】随机选取符合纳入标准的早期RA女性患者70例,按RA证候问卷表采集患者各项证候信息,参照相应标准进行寒、热证候判断和活动性判断。同时,取患者晨起空腹血样,检测细胞因子(IL-8、TNF-α、IL-10)、临床炎性检查指标(ESR、CRP) 和临床免疫学检查指标(IgA、Ign、IgG、RF、C3)。采用因子分析方法对患者证候信息进行降维处理,然后采用典型相关分析方法探索各公因子与客观指标之间的相关性。【结果】将收集的中医四诊信息用因子分析得到5个公因子,他们分别能较好地反映关节局部病情以及中医寒证、热证、虚证的症状;除CRP外,早期女性RA患者各公因子的细胞因子(IL-8、 TNF-α、IL-10)、临床炎性检查指标(ESR)及各免疫学指标(IgA、IgM、IgG、RF、C3)均未见显著性差异。【结论】因子分析能够对症状进行分类研究,因子分析结果与传统证候分型有一致性;代表寒热证候的公因子CRP在早期RA患者之间有显著性差异,寒证的CRP低于热证,提示CRP可以作为RA寒热主观症状分类的微观指标之一;联合运用因子分析和典型相关分析方法分析主观症状与客观指标之间的相关性是可行的。     

类风湿性关节炎患者血清血管内皮生长因子与炎性因子的表达水平及相关性分析

目的 探讨类风湿性关节炎（RA）患者血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）与炎性因子C-反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的表达水平及相关性分析.方法 37例RA患者分为RA活动期组（21例）和RA缓解期组（16例）,另采集20例健康体检者作为健康对照组.抽取所有受试者空腹静脉血离心取上清液,免疫比浊法测定CRP水平,酶联免疫吸附法测定VEGF、TNF-α和IL-6水平.结果 RA缓解期组和RA活动期组TNF-α、IL-6、CRP和VEGF水平较健康对照组均显著升高（P均＜0.05）.RA患者血清VEGF水平与TNF-α、IL-6、CRP均呈显著正相关（r分别为0.671、0.502、0.584,P均＜0.05）.结论 血清VEGF和TNF-α、IL-6、CRP水平高低能够反映RA患者病情活动变化,VEGF在类风湿性关节炎发病机制中可能和TNF-α、IL-6、CRP具有协同作用.     

类风湿性关节炎患者IL-6水平的变化

目的 探讨稳定期和活动期类风湿性关节炎患者白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平的变化.方法 应用酶联免疫吸附技术(ELSIA)检测168例健康体检者和120例稳定期和活动期类风湿性关节炎患者的IL-6水平,同时检测白细胞计数(WBC)、红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白测定(Hb)、血小板计数(Plt)、血沉(ESR)、抗链球菌溶血素"O"(ASO)、类风湿因子(RF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)等实验室指标.结果 IL-6,WBC,RBC,Hb,Plt,ESR,RF,CRP等指标RA患者组均显著高于健康对照组(P＜0.05).RA患者活动期RBC,Hb,Plt,ESR,RF,CRP,IL-6水平均显著高于稳定期(P＜0.05).结论 IL-6与类风湿性关节炎免疫炎症有关,其水平高低可反映病情活动变化.     

类风湿关节炎患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平及其意义

目的 探讨类风湿关节炎（RA）患者血清中细胞因子水平及其临床意义。方法 应用双抗体夹心法检测36例RA患者血清自细胞介素6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的水平。结果 RA患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平均显著高于正常人（P〈0．01），且它们之间成正相关，并与ESR和CRP成正相关。结论 IL-6、TNF-α可能参与RA的发病及病理、免疫功能变化过程，IL-6、TNF-α水平检测有助于RA患者病情活动的判断及药物疗效的观察，可作为判断预后、指导治疗的指标。     

关节炎患者血清及关节液白细胞介素6表达水平分析

目的：比较白细胞介素6(IL-6)在几种不同类型关节炎患者血清及关节液中的表达水平,并探讨其在类风湿关节炎（RA）发病中的作用及其与RA病情活动的相关性。 方法：采用放射免疫分析法检测RA、强直性脊柱炎、骨性关节炎、痛风等关节炎患者的血清和关节液中IL-6水平,并分析其与RA病情活动的关系。 结果：RA患者的血清及关节液中IL-6的水平显著高于其他关节炎患者;且RA患者关节液IL-6水平显著高于血清。RA患者血清IL-6水平与关节压痛数、关节肿胀数、C-反应蛋白（CRP）呈明显正相关;而关节液IL-6水平则与关节疼痛数、关节压痛数、关节肿胀数、血沉（ESR）、CRP呈明显正相关。 结论：IL-6与RA的发病有关,检测RA患者关节液和血清中IL-6水平有助于RA的诊断及判断病情的活动性。     

血清IL-6在类风湿关节炎患者中的水平变化及意义

目的 检测类风湿关节炎(RA)患者外周血中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、TNF-α、CRP水平,分析其水平与RA疾病的相关性,探讨IL-6对RA患者病情的意义。方法根据2009年ACR/EULAR制定类风湿关节炎诊断标准,收集初治RA患者(试验组)以及同期健康体检者(对照组)的血液标本,采用双抗夹心ELISA法检测患者的IL-6、TNF-α,并测定类风湿因子(RF)、抗CCP抗体、CRP、WBC、PLT、HDL-C、LDL-C水平。结果试验组患者IL-6、TNF-α、CRP、WBC、PLT、RF、抗CCP抗体、LDL-C检测指标均显著高于健康对照组,HDL-C低于健康对照组(P0.05);在试验组中,血清IL-6水平与TNF-α、CRP、DAS28-CRP、RF、抗CCP抗体水平均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论RA患者中IL-6水平明显升高,检测RA患者血清中IL-6水平变化,有助于类风湿关节炎的病情变化评估。     

D-二聚体、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α与类风湿关节炎活动性关系分析

目的探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)患者外周血D-二聚体(D-D)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平变化与疾病活动度的相关性及D-D对RA发病过程的意义。方法选取潍坊市人民医院2017年8月～2018年12月门诊及住院197例RA患者,根据28个关节疾病活动度评分(DAS28)将患者分为低度活动组51例、中度活动组65例、高度活动组81例;同期选取健康体检者50例为对照组。观察各组外周血D-D、IL-6、TNF-α水平变化及与DAS28的相关性比较分析,同时分析与类风湿因子(RF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)关联性。结果 RA组与对照组比较D-D、IL-6、TNF-α均明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。中度活动组和重度活动组与对照组及低度活动组比较D-D均增高(P0.05)。RA组D-D、IL-6分别与RF、ESR、CRP、DAS28呈正相关关系(P0.05),TNF-α与RF、DAS28呈正相关关系(P0.05)。结论 RA组D-D、IL-6、TNF-α与DAS28呈正相关性,所以D-D可作为RA患者病情活动性的评估指标之一,提示RA患者疾病发展过程中体内有高凝-纤溶系统异常活动,故抗凝治疗可作为RA治疗的依据。     

类风湿关节炎患者IL-17、IL-18、IL-6和TNF-α检测的意义

目的探讨白细胞介素-17（IL-17）、白细胞介素-18（IL-18）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）在类风湿关节炎（RA）患者外周血中的表达和临床意义。方法应用ELISA方法对40例活动期RA患者、40例稳定期RA患者和40例健康对照组的外周血血清中的JL—17、IL-18、IL-6和TNF—α含量进行检测分析。结果活动期RA患者的血清中IL-17、IL-18、IL-6和TNF-α含量明显高于稳定期RA患者（P〈0.01）和健康对照组（p〈0．01）;稳定期RA患者的血清中IL-17和IL-18含量高于健康对照组（P〈0．05）,而IL-6和TNF-α含量与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论RA患者IL-17、IL-18、1L-6和TNF—α含量的变化特点与病情相关,联合动态监测有助于临床观察和治疗。     

类风湿性关节炎患者血清IL-6、TNF-α、CRP的水平变化及意义

目的 探讨类风湿性关节炎患者血清IL-6、TNF-α、CRP的水平变化及临床意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)及免疫比浊法对74例RA患者(RA活动期组48例、RA非活动期组26例)血清IL-6、TNF-α、CRP水平进行检测,并与30例正常对照组的健康受试者进行比较分析.结果 RA组患者血清IL-6 [(8.03±0.98)pg/L]、TNF-α [(7.54±0.82)pg/L]、CRP[(11.40±1.25)mg/L]等检测指标水平显著高于正常对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);RA活动期组患者血清IL-6[(10.42±1.51 )pg/L]、TNF-α[(10.32±1.34)pg/L]、CRP[(15.02±1.8 1)mg/L]等检测指标水平显著高于非活动期组,差异亦均具有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);RA患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平呈正性显著相关(r=0.61,P＜0.05); IL-6、TNF-α.与CRP水平呈正性显著相关(r=0.52,r=0.71,均P＜0.05).结论 检测RA患者血清IL-6、TNF-α与CRP水平对观察其病情变化具有重重的临床价值.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.