血尿酸与2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化相关性分析

目的: 探讨2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者血清尿酸水平与颈动脉粥样硬化是否有关.方法: T2DM患者318例,按是否有颈动脉粥样硬化分为2组,对患者尿酸、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、血压、肌酐、空腹血糖、血清胆固醇、三酰甘油、白细胞多重动脉粥样硬化危险因素进行多变量分析.结果: Logistic回归分析表明T2DM合并动脉粥样硬化组血清尿酸水平明显升高(P<0.001),其与年龄(P=0.001),收缩压 (P<0.05)是T2DM患者颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素,但尿酸差异经血肌酐修正后相关性消失.尿酸等影响因素的多元逐步回归分析结果显示,尿酸与血肌酐(P<0.001),颈动脉粥样硬化(P<0.001),BMI(P=0.004),白细胞(P=0.001)具有相关性.结论: T2DM患者颈动脉粥样硬化时血清尿酸水平升高,这种变化可能与肾脏对尿酸清除下降有关.     

血浆Visfatin与2型糖尿病颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的探讨血浆内脏脂肪素(visfatin)水平与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者发生动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法测定T2DM患者和正常人空腹血浆visfatin水平,并在伴或不伴颈动脉粥样硬化的T2DM患者及正常对照组之间比较。结果T2DM组的空腹血浆visfatin水平均显著高于正常对照组(P均<0.05);伴颈动脉粥样硬化T2DM组空腹血浆visfatin水平明显高于不伴颈动脉粥样硬化T2DM组(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析表明:血浆visfatin水平升高主要受代谢综合征构成成份累积的影响而Logistic回归则显示动脉粥样硬化会受到代谢综合征的构成成分、C反应蛋白和visfatin的影响并且与颈动脉粥样硬化(AC)密切相关。结论visfatin可能与T2DM颈动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展相关。     

中老年2型糖尿病患者血尿酸与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性分析

目的探讨中老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血清尿酸水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法选择住院的中老年2型糖尿病患者210例,根据颈动脉内一中膜厚度（IMT）,分为颈动脉内膜正常组（A组）和颈动脉粥样硬化组（B组）,比较两组间的临床资料,并对颈动脉粥样硬化危险因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果男性高尿酸血症的患病率高于女性。男、女患者B组在年龄、糖尿病病程、总胆固醇（Tc）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血清尿酸（SUA）水平均高于A组。Logistic回归分析表明血清尿酸水平、年龄,糖尿病病程、LDL-C是中老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。结论中老年2型糖尿病患者血尿酸水平升高是颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素。     

血清铁蛋白与男性2型糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化相关关系研究

目的:探讨男性2型糖尿病(DM)患者动脉粥样硬化(AS)与血清中铁蛋白(SF)水平之间的关系。方法:回顾性分析笔者所在医院86例男性2型糖尿病患者的临床资料,其中T2DM患者中,46例颈动脉粥样硬化(CA),40例无颈动脉粥样硬化,分析血清SF与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性,并分别比较两组间各相关指标有无差异,进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:(1)颈动脉病变组SF水平显著高于颈动脉正常组(P0.05);(2)通过Spearman相关分析表明,T2DM患者血SF水平分别与颈动脉粥样硬化、甘油三酯、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素抵抗指数等呈显著正相关(P0.05),与高密度脂蛋白呈显著负相关(P0.05),与体重指数、尿酸、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白等无显著相关性。对颈动脉粥样硬化的各主要危险因素行Logistic回归分析显示,血清铁蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、糖化血红蛋白进入回归方程。结论:SF的升高可能预示着男性2型糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化的发展。     

新诊断的酮症倾向2型糖尿病患者临床特征及其影响颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素分析

目的:探讨新诊断的酮症倾向2型糖尿病患者临床特征及其影响颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素。方法:新诊断的2型糖尿病患者201例,根据有无自发酮症或酮症酸中毒分为酮症倾向2型糖尿病组(78例)以及非酮症倾向2型糖尿病组(123例)。测量身高、体重、血压;检测血尿酮体、血气分析、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GAD-Ab)、糖脂代谢指标以及胰岛功能;颈动脉B超测定颈动脉粥样硬化斑块。结果:①新诊断的2型糖尿病患者中,以自发酮症或酮症酸中毒起病的占38.8%,其发病年龄平均为44岁,入院时糖化血红蛋白平均为11.91%,其中男性患者占71.8%,超重/肥胖患者占57.7%,高血压患者占24.4%,高甘油三酯血症患者占55.1%。②与非酮症倾向T2DM患者比较,酮症倾向T2DM患者发病年龄较小、糖化血红蛋白水平较高、馒头餐试验空腹及餐后2h胰岛素水平较低,HOMA-β值也较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③酮症倾向T2DM患者颈动脉粥样硬化的检出率为55.7%,非酮症倾向T2DM患者颈动脉粥样硬化的检出率为62.4%,两组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。④与无颈动脉粥样硬化的患者相比,合并颈动脉粥样硬化的酮症倾向T2DM患者的年龄较大,收缩压、低密度脂蛋白水平较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而2组间的血糖水平无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:在新诊断的酮症倾向2型糖尿病患者中,一半以上的患者存在有颈动脉粥样硬化,进一步分析发现在糖代谢紊乱的基础上,高收缩压及高低密度脂蛋白水平能够促进颈动脉粥样硬化的发生发展。     

2型糖尿病患者血清esRAGE水平及相关因素研究

目的 研究2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清内源性分泌型糖基化终产物受体(esRAGE)水平及其与相关因素的关系.方法 用酶联免疫法测定60例T2DM患者(其中30例并发颈动脉粥样硬化)和28名正常对照者血清esRAGE浓度,并检测其他临床指标.结果 T2DM并发颈动脉粥样硬化组血清esRAGE浓度较无颈动脉粥样硬化组及正常对照组显著降低,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);T2DM无颈动脉粥样硬化组较正常对照组亦显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).Pearson相关分析显示,esRAGE与年龄及代谢综合征的组成因素包括糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、收缩压、体质量指数成负相关(P<0.01).多元线性逐步回归分析显示,年龄、总胆固醇、糖化血红蛋白、体质量指数与esRAGE成独立负相关(P<0.05).结论 esRAGE可能是糖尿病动脉粥样硬化及代谢综合征的潜在保护因素.     

老年女性高血压患者胰岛素抵抗与颈动脉粥样硬化相关性研究

目的研究老年女性高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法纳入高血压患者218例,分为4组:老年女性组、非老年女性组、老年男性组、非老年男性组。将老年女性分为单纯高血压亚组(EH亚组)和高血压合并糖尿病亚组(EH合并DM亚组)。所有病例均行颈动脉超声检查颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),测定空腹血糖和胰岛素、动态血压、三酰甘油、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇,体质量指数(BMI),计算稳态模式评估法的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),对颈动脉IMT异常的老年女性,采用直线回归分析方法与心血管危险因素做相关分析。结果老年高血压女性患者IMT与HOMA-IR、BMI和空腹血糖呈正相关;与非老年女性组比较,老年女性组IMT、FPG、血脂、BMI、HOMA-IR显著高于非老年女性组(P<0.05)。与EH亚组比较,EH合并DM亚组FPG、FINS、hs-CRP、IMT、HOMA-IR显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年女性高血压和糖尿病同时存在可加速动脉粥样硬化的进展,而且与高血压患者胰岛素抵抗的发生、发展密切相关。     

2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块相关危险因素分析

目的：研究2型糖尿病（T2DM）颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者的相关危险因素。方法：对238例住院的T2DM患者行双侧颈动脉彩色B超检查,根据颈动脉内中膜厚度（IMT）及颈动脉有无斑块,分为非斑块组（颈动脉IMTGl．5mm和无颈动脉斑块）、斑块组（颈动脉IMT≥1．5mm和颈动脉斑块）,记录相关临床资料并测定生化指标及踝臂指数（ABI）。结果：两组高血压病史、年龄、T2DM病程、收缩压（SBP）、低密度脂蛋白一胆固醇（LDL—c）、空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、ABI差异有统计学意义（PG0．01或PG0．05）。颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与ABI呈负相关,与高血压病史、年龄、T2DM病程、SBP、LDL—C、Hcy、HbAlc呈正相关。Logistic回归分析表明高血压病史、年龄、SBP、LDL—C、Hcy、HbAIc、ABI是T2DM患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的独立危险因素。结论：高血压病史、SBP、年龄、LDL—C、Hcy、HbAlc、ABI可能参与了T2DM合并颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成,ABI可作为动脉粥样硬化斑块的一个简便可靠的预测因子。     

中老年2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝的相关因素及颈动脉内膜中层厚度的临床分析

目的分析中老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并非酒精性脂肪肝的相关因素,并了解颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的变化。方法按是否有非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)将100例中老年T2DM患者分为T2DM合并NAFLD组45例和无NAFLD组55例,同期选择我院健康体检者39例作为正常对照组(NC组),比较其临床特点、血脂、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及颈动脉内膜中层厚度等,并进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 T2DM合并NAFLD组患者的体质量指数(BMI)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、甘油三酯(TG)、HOMA-IR均高于无NAFLD组。多因素Logistic回归分析表明HOMA-IR、TG是中老年T2DM患者发生脂肪肝的独立相关因素。T2DM合并NAFLD组、无NAFLD组及NC组的IMT值差异有统计学意义(<0.05)。结论 HOMA-IR、TG与中老年T2DM患者发生脂肪肝密切相关,合并NAFLD的T2DM患者更易发生颈动脉粥样硬化。     

老年男性糖尿病患者骨质疏松与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的 探讨张家口地区老年男性糖尿病患者骨质疏松与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性,为骨质疏松及动脉硬化的防治工作提供更多科学依据。方法 选择2017年9月至2019年9月在河北北方学院附属第一医院内分泌科收诊的老年男性2型糖尿病患者100例,统计其年龄、体重指数、糖尿病病程、高血压、吸烟、饮酒、胰岛素应用史及相关生化指标。测定患者股骨颈骨密度和颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT),根据相关标准将100例患者分为颈动脉粥样硬化组(66例)和非动脉粥样硬化组(34例)。比较两组临床特征的差异,分析骨密度值与IMT的相关性。结果 两组年龄、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平及股骨颈骨密度比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。颈动脉粥样硬化组骨质疏松发生率高于非动脉粥样硬化组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。骨密度值与颈动脉IMT值呈负相关(r=-0.605,P <0.05)。结论 年龄、高血糖、高血脂等因素均能影响老年男性糖尿病患者的颈动脉粥样硬化,其骨质疏松与颈动脉粥样硬化存在显著相关性,因而在预防颈动脉粥样硬化的同时,需密切关注骨质疏松的发生,从而...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.