包头市高中生心理健康状况研究

目的:探讨包头市高中生心理健康状况,为心理健康教育提供依据.方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),对1 451名高中生进行心理测评,将SCL-90各项测评结果与全国常模比较,男、女生进行比较,不同年级学生比较.结果:包头市高中生SCL-90总分为158.70±43.61,总均分为1.76±0.48.其中人际关系敏感、偏执、抑郁和敌对因子分显著高于全国常模,焦虑、强迫因子分显著低于全国常模;男女生、不同年级比较各因子得分差异无统计学意义性;包头市高中生轻度及轻度以上心理障碍的检出率为68.57%,中度及中度以上心理障碍检出率为18.61%,主要存在的心理问题是强迫、人际关系敏感、偏执、敌对、抑郁和焦虑等.结论:包头市高中生存在一定的心理健康问题,主要存在的心理问题是强迫、人际关系敏感、偏执、敌对等,性别、年级间差异无统计学意义,学校应该有针对性地加强心理健康教育.     

大学学生心理健康状况调查分析

目的：了解当代大学学生心理健康状况及网络的影响,为学校开展心理健康教育和进行有针对性的心理干预提供信息。方法：运用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和自编的一般状况量表,对湖北长江大学一至三年级的各230名学生进行测评。结果：湖北长江大学工程学院学生SCL-90因子中的躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、偏执因子分与国内成人常模比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;强迫、焦虑、精神病因子分无显著差异但分值比较低。男生和女生的躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子分间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;男生强迫、焦虑、偏执、精神病性因子分高于女生;女生躯体化、恐怖因子分高于男生。不同年级学生总均分,阳性项目比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。一年级强迫因子分高于二年级（P〈0.05）,焦虑分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,其他均低于二年级学生。一年级与三年级学生比较在躯体化,强迫,敌对,恐怖,其他均分因子分无差异。二年级与三年级学生总均分、强迫、焦虑、阳性项目、敌对、恐怖有差异,其他无差异,但是分值高于三年级学生。独生子女与非独生子女SCL-90因子分比较独生子女除敌对、焦虑外,其余SCL-90各因子分与非独生子女比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：长江大学工程学院学生整体心理健康水平虽然高于国内成人常模,但不同性别和年级间差异显著。     

民族院校4782名大学新生心理健康现状及影响因素分析

目的:了解民族院校大学新生的心理健康状况及其特征,分析影响大学新生心理健康的主要因素.方法:采用心理卫生自评量表(SCL-90)对4782名少数民族大学新生进行了调查.结果:民族院校大学新生少数民族组和汉族组的SCL-90强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分明显高于中国青年常模(P＜0.05),敌对性、偏执、精神病性因子分低于普通大学生常模,恐怖因子分高于普通大学生常模.男学生敌对因子的得分高于女学生(P＜0.05),女学生恐怖因子的得分高于男学生(P＜0.05).农村组大学生躯体化、人际关系、焦虑因子的得分显著高于城市大学生(P＜0.05),城市大学生偏执因子的得分高于农村大学生(P＜0.05).人际敏感、强迫、抑郁、恐怖阳性症状检出率较高.父母婚姻、家庭经济、同学关系、学习压力、情感问题等是影响民族大学新生心理健康的重要因素.结论:民族院校大学新生心理健康状况值得关注,应采取综合性的干预.     

高职院校新护生入校时的心理状况调查

目的探讨2006级新护生的心理健康状况和男女护生不同的心理反应。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对240名不同年级的大专(高职)新护生的心理健康状况进行评定。结果新护生的SCL-90强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执及精神病性因子得分显著高于全国常模青年组(P<0.05或P<0.01);男护生SCL-90中的强迫、人际关系敏感、敌对及偏执因子得分显著高于女护生(P<0.05或P<0.01),女护生SCL-90中的恐怖因子得分显著高于男护生(P<0.05)。结论9项因子均分中有6项高于全国常模青年组,而且男女护生的因子均分有显著性差异,因此要结合实际因材施教,针对不同性别的新护生有的放矢地采取不同的教学方法,培养实用型护理人才。     

专业学位研究生心理健康特点调查研究

目的　 探讨专业学位研究生心理健康状况及特点。方法　2016年1月整群抽取重庆地区三所高校专业学位研究生326人为研究对象,采用症状自评量表（symptom checklist 90,SCL-90）对专业学位研究生进行心理健康状况测评。发放调查问卷326份,回收326份,剔除填写不全、漏答、前后答案矛盾等无效问卷11份,有效问卷315份,回收有效率96.6%。采用SPSS 19.0对问卷数据进行卡方检验、独立样本t检验、方差分析,两两比较用LSD/T2法。结果　①专业学位研究生心理症状筛查阳性率为11.11%,心理问题检出率从高到低依次为：强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、躯体化、偏执、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性。②除恐怖因子外,不同年龄段研究生SCL-90各因子得分和总均分差异都有统计学意义（P<0.05）。其中,“≥30岁”组研究生SCL-90中躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性因子得分和总均分高于“≤24岁”组和“25~29岁”组（P<0.05）,“≥30岁”组抑郁因子得分高于“≤24岁”组（P<0.01）。③博士研究生SCL-90躯体化（P=0.038）和强迫因子得分（P=0.043）高于硕士。④不同年级研究生SCL-90强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执因子得分和总均分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;其中,三年级组各因子得分和总均分高于一年级组,三年级组敌对、偏执因子得分和总均分高于二年级组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。⑤除恐怖因子外,“和睦安宁”组研究生SCL-90各因子得分和总均分低于“争吵”组（P<0.05）。⑥除躯体化和偏执因子外,“导师关心”组研究生SCL-90各因子得分和总均分低于“导师不关心”组（P<0.05）。结论　专业学位研究生心理健康因年龄、学历层次和年级不同而存在差异,且受集体氛围和导师态度影响。相关心理健康教育应充分考虑人群特点差异,细化教育目标、内容和形式,以提升专业学位研究生心理健康水平。     

医学研究生心理健康状况调查

目的 了解目前医科专业研究生的心理健康状况,为针对性地开展心理咨询和心理健康教育奠定良好的基础.方法 采用症状自评量表,对585名医学研究生进行心理健康状况自测,并与中国正常人的心理健康评定结果进行比较.结果 ①研究生组的总分、总均分低于正常人组,差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05);阴性项目数高于正常人组,差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05);阳性项目数、阳性症状均分低于正常人组,差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②研究生因子得分与正常人因子得分比较, 研究生因子得分:躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、敌对、偏执和精神病性低于正常人,差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05);焦虑、恐惧低于正常人,差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).③各年级组研究生比较二年级最高,但没有明显差异(P＞0.05).④有子女组高于无子女组, 没有明显差异(P＞0.05).⑤临床医学研究生班高于基础医学研究生班, 但没有明显差异(P＞0.05).⑥其他民族高于汉族, 差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 多数研究生的心理健康状况与中国正常成人的心理健康状况相近,且有优于中国正常成人的心理健康状况的趋势.     

重点中学学生心理健康状况研究

目的 调查笔者所在城市重点中学学生心理健康状况.方法 采用症状自评量(SCL-90)表,随机抽样笔者所在城市两所重点中学12～18岁学生508人进行问卷调查.结果 心理问题检出率18.1%,心理问题主要表现依次为强迫、人际关系敏感、敌对、偏执、抑郁、焦虑等.男女生检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但SCL-90中女生抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分明显高于男生,而男生敌对、偏执因子分明显高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);初高中学生心理问题检出率分别为9.98%与14.14%差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 重点中学学生心理问题突出,值得关注.     

高校新老学生心理健康状况的对照研究

目的 探讨高校新老学生心理健康状况的差异以及干预的效果。方法 随机抽取新生120人，二年级老学生干预组与未干预组各随机抽取120人，统一进行SCL—90症状自评量表测定，比较新老学生的SCL—90各症状因子得分的差异。结果 未干预组老生的强迫、人际关系、抑郁、敌对、偏执及精神病性因子的得分明显高于新生(P＜0．01)，其中恐怖、焦虑因子分则明显低于新生。老生干预组较未干预组强迫、人际关系、抑郁、敌对及其偏执因子分显性下降(P＜0．01)，焦虑、恐怖以及精神病性因子分无显性变化；但是在校生干预组的强迫、人际关系、抑郁、敌对、偏执以及精神病性因子分仍然显高于新生组(P＜0．01)。结论 对医学院校学生的心理健康教育应该加强，针对其不同的情况有的放失的进行。     

贫困大学生心理健康状况调查及分析

目的:了解贫困大学生心理健康状况,提高贫困大学生心理健康水平.方法:使用SCL-90量表,采取整体抽样法,调查34名贫困大学生,与常模、普通大学生对比研究.结论:贫困大学生中存在不同心理问题发生率与普通大学生无显著差异(P＞0.05),与国内常模对比,除躯体、强迫因子均存在极其显著性差异(P＜0.01),与普通大学生对比,强迫、人际敏感、敌对、偏执因子、总分有显著性差异(0.01＜P＜0.05),阳性者抑郁、强迫、敌对、人际敏感症状群居前列.     

延边朝汉族医学生SCL-90调查及比较

目的：是为了解朝汉族医学生心理健康状况。方法：用ＳＣＬ－９０量表对延边大学医学院医疗系５１０名学生进行调查及对照分析。结果：因子分超过２．５分以上者６３人,占总人数的１２．３５％。主要表现在强迫、人际关系、敌对、偏执等因子。民族、性别在人际关系、敌对、偏执项目上存在统计学意义。结论：汉族学生心理健康状况差于朝族学生。强迫、人际关系、敌对、偏执是医学生共同存在的心理问题     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.