50例单脐动脉临床分析

目的:了解单脐动脉胎儿染色体异常的发生率、妊娠结局,指导产前咨询。方法:回顾性分析产前超声诊断为单脐动脉并行胎儿染色体核型分析的病例共50例,就染色体检查结果、妊娠结局进行评估分析。结果:32例单纯单脐动脉中,发现2例染色体多态性;单脐动脉合并1种超声异常16例,合并2种以上种超声异常2例,合并超声异常组中发现1例13-三体嵌合体,1例染色体多态性。结论:单纯性单脐动脉胎儿妊娠结局良好,对于同时合并有其他超声异常,建议行胎儿染色体核型分析。     

单脐动脉17例的围产结局分析

目的 对妊娠合并单脐动脉胎儿的转归与围生结局分析.方法 回顾性分析我院收治的产前超声筛查为单动脉胎儿17例患者临床资料.结果 13例为单纯性单脐动脉,其中,4例发生胎死宫内,8例活产,1例死产,4例合并结构畸形引产,全部病例均经胎盘及脐带病理证实为单脐动脉.结论 孕期围产保健超声检查诊断为单脐动脉的孕妇,需定期做系统检查,排除有合并胎儿其他畸形或染色体异常时,密切观察胎儿宫内生长发育情况,可以考虑延长孕周,大部分单纯性单脐动脉胎儿围产期结局良好.     

35例单脐动脉与胎儿染色体疾病相关性的研究

目的：了解妊娠合并单脐动脉与常见染色体疾病的相关性。方法选取35例单脐动脉孕妇,对合并畸形者进行无创DNA检测9例、羊水诊断5例。对单纯性单脐动脉者随访妊娠结局。结果（1）单脐动脉不同超声异常表现者的妊娠结局中以治疗性引产为主,共13例,其中1例死胎引产;染色体情况中以18三体或DNA检测（-）为主。（2）单纯性单脐动脉者21例,有效随访20例。具体情况如下：1例剖宫产分娩,外观无异常,发现食道闭锁、肠管扩张,生后2～3 d新生儿死亡;1例胎儿左右心室强回声点于温州行脐血诊断未发现异常,顺产1女,3.4 kg,健康;出生低体重儿2例;余16例妊娠结局良好,随访胎儿出生后健康。结论单纯性单脐动脉与染色体异常无明显关系,其妊娠结局良好。合并畸形者与胎儿染色体异常存在相关性,多见于18三体综合征。     

胎儿单脐动脉与胎儿染色体异常疾病的产前诊断

目的分析单脐动脉是否合并其他异常时与胎儿染色体疾病的关系及新生儿预后。方法对本院产前诊断中心2008年1
月~2012年6月通过彩色多普勒超声诊断为单纯性单脐动脉及单脐动脉合并其他异常的胎儿,行羊膜腔穿刺取羊水及脐静脉穿
刺取脐带血,常规进行染色体核型分析并对出生后的婴儿追踪随访观察。结果经超声诊断为单脐动脉进行染色体检查的孕妇
共44名,其中单纯性单脐动脉24例;单脐动脉合并其他异常20例,其中单脐动脉合并超声软指标异常8例,单脐动脉合并胎儿
发育异常12例。单纯性单脐动脉组（n=24）与单脐动脉合并其他异常组（n=20）间分娩孕周和胎儿染色体异常的发生率有显著
性差异。胎儿出生体质量,出生后APGAR评分及胎盘质量间,两组无明显差异。结论对超声检查诊断为单脐动脉的胎儿,特
别合并其他器官发育异常,有必要进行胎儿染色体产前诊断。单纯性单脐动脉的胎儿,需严密行超声检查,避免器官畸形的漏诊。
     

基层医院超声诊断单脐动脉与胎儿畸形相关性研究

目的探讨超声检测胎儿脐带血管数目与胎儿畸形之间的相关性。方法进行常规产前超声检查中发现胎儿单脐动脉共20例,分析单脐动脉合并畸形的类型,以及与染色体异常的关系和胎儿结局。结果胎儿单脐动脉20例中,单纯性单脐动脉12例（60%）,合并其他结构畸形5例（25%）,其中1例为胎儿先天性心脏畸形：完全型房室共道畸形,胎儿小脑蚓部缺如,胎儿右侧腹部囊肿,羊水过多,胎儿生长受限（FGR）（5%）;1例为胎儿双侧脉络膜囊肿（5%）;1例为内脏外翻合并心脏外露（5%）;1例为先天性膈疝,一侧肾重度积水（5%）;1例为胎儿巨大脐膨出并腹腔内肝脏膨出及大量腹水,胎儿心脏异常,FGR（5%）;单纯性FGR3例（15%）。结论基层医院产前超声诊断单脐动脉并进一步检查胎儿有无多器官发育畸形,为基层医院产前咨询及临床处理提供重要的依据。对于基层医院发现单纯性单脐动脉胎儿,在低风险人群中染色体检查并不是必要的,而对于合并有其他结构畸形的单脐动脉胎儿,有必要建议上级医院行胎儿染色体检查。     

单脐动脉与胎儿畸形的超声诊断及临床价值

目的:探讨超声检测胎儿单脐动脉预测胎儿先天畸形的诊断及临床价值。方法:采用超声检测58例胎儿单脐动脉,分析单脐动脉与合并畸形类型的关系及胎儿结局。结果:胎儿单脐动脉58例中左侧36例(62.1%),右侧22例(37.9%);单纯性单脐动脉25例(43.1%),合并其他结构畸形33例(56.9%),多为多系统复杂畸形,前3位为心血管系统畸形23例(39.7%),胎盘及羊水异常20例(34.5%),宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)12例(20.7%)。结论:胎儿单脐动脉左侧发生率高于右侧,约50%合并其他畸形;多合并多系统复杂畸形,临床预后差;大部分单纯性单脐动脉胎儿临床结局良好。     

单脐动脉的产前超声诊断及临床价值

[目的]探讨单脐动脉对妊娠过程的影响及产前超声的临床价值.[方法]回顾分析经临床证实及部分经产前超声检查发现合并单脐动脉的45例病例,追踪其相关临床资料及妊娠结局.[结果]在临床证实45例单脐动脉胎儿中,超声产前诊断发现41例,检出率为91.1％.45例单脐动脉胎儿中合并胎儿畸形的19例,予以引产;选择继续妊娠的26例产后经随访无明显异常表现.[结论]产前超声诊断胎儿单脐动脉检出率较高,但给胎儿行超声扫查时仍必须全面及细致,单纯单脐动脉者可以动态观察,合并胎儿畸形者行遗传学方面的相关检查以排除染色体异常.彩色多普勒超声对产前诊断单脐动脉具有重要的临床意义.     

胎儿单脐动脉的超声诊断及伴随胎儿畸形的临床研究

目的探讨胎儿单脐动脉产前超声声像图特征及伴随胎儿畸形的临床价值,旨在尽早干预以减少缺陷儿的出生。方法回顾性分析2008年6月～2011年5月在我院产前超声发现62例胎儿单脐动脉的形态结构、血流信号特征及伴随胎儿畸形,并与产后结果及病理学检查对照。结果62例超声图像均诊断为胎儿单脐动脉,其中47例（75．8％）产前超声未发现异常,15例中合并单发畸形或异常6例（9．7％）,合并多发畸形9例（14．5％）。产后检查脐带数目及病理对照。准确率100％。47例单纯性SUA胎儿出生后随访,发现1例多指,1例小耳畸形,胎儿畸形诊断率96．77％。结论单脐动脉胎儿与伴随畸形密切相关,单纯性单脐动脉胎儿需密切随访。     

产前诊断单脐动脉及其临床意义

单脐动脉是较少见的脐血管数目异常,因其与胎儿畸形(包括隐性畸形)、染色体异常有关,日益受到临床的重视。我院2003年1月至2006年2月有19例孕妇产前超声诊断为单脐动脉,现对其胎儿情况进行追踪观察,报道如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料2003年1月至2006年2月,19例孕妇(20个胎儿)彩色超声诊断单脐动脉,其中合并羊水异常3例(羊水过多2例,羊水过少1例),合并胎儿心脏异常(室间隔缺损)可能1例,合并胎儿生长受限5例。双胎妊娠1例,两胎儿均为单脐动脉;单胎妊娠18例。孕妇年龄为20~36岁,初产妇17例,经产妇2例。孕妇患妊娠期糖尿病1例。超声诊断孕周为19…     

胎儿单脐动脉的超声诊断与先天性畸形关系的探讨

目的探讨胎儿单脐动脉与胎儿先天发育异常的相关性及其超声诊断的临床价值。方法回顾性分析接受超声产前检查的中晚期孕妇4815例,对比系统超声检查与胎儿出生后或引产后大体标本和病理检查以及畸形胎儿的染色体检查结果,分析单脐动脉的发生率、是否合并其他畸形及其类型。结果 4815例受检者中超声诊断为单脐动脉25例（0.52%）,其中18例合并其他畸形,7例未发现明显畸形（但有2例合并宫内发育迟缓）。25例单脐动脉均行染色体检查,异常5例,均合并其他多种畸形。结论彩色多普勒超声产前检查能准确诊断单脐动脉,并能发现部分胎儿先天畸形,在优生优育中具有重要的临床价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.