脑血管重建用于难治性颅内动脉瘤的治疗

目的探讨难治性脑动脉瘤治疗中的脑血管重建适应证、手术技巧和临床疗效.方法自2000年起采用挠动脉作为移植血管进行颞浅动脉-挠动脉-大脑中动脉(STA-RA-MCA)搭桥手术,共治疗9例难治性动脉瘤患者.脑血管重建后采用颈部颈内动脉慢性阻断术或血管内介入治疗闭塞载瘤动脉或行动脉瘤孤立术.结果术后血管造影显示8例吻合血管通畅,并通过阻断载瘤血管而使动脉瘤不显影.1例吻合口狭窄伴血管痉挛.随访显示8例治愈患者无动脉瘤复发或破裂.结论脑血管重建,结合急性或慢性闭塞载瘤动脉是治疗难治性动脉瘤的有效方法;采用挠动脉作为移植血管行颅内外血管搭桥是目前较为合适和有效的脑血管重建技术.     

颅内破裂动脉瘤50例瘤颈夹闭术围手术期处理

目的:探讨颅内动脉瘤瘤颈夹闭术围手术期处理要点。方法:对破裂后颅内动脉瘤瘤颈夹闭术50例临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:50例中有5例为多发性动脉瘤(左前交通动脉瘤合并左大脑中动脉瘤1例,右前交通动脉瘤合并右大脑中动脉瘤1例,双侧颈内-后交通动脉瘤2例,左小脑后下动脉上有3枚动脉瘤1例),单一动脉瘤45例(颈内-后交通动脉瘤19例,前交通动脉瘤18例,大脑中动脉瘤6例,脉络膜前动脉瘤、眼动脉瘤各1例),共计动脉瘤56枚,均行动脉瘤颈夹闭术,共夹闭动脉瘤54枚;术后恢复良好(GOSⅠ、Ⅱ级)41例,术后并发脑梗死伴偏瘫4例,脑积水2例,死亡3例(其中2例为Hunt&Hess分级IV级)。结论:选择适当的手术时机、熟练的显微外科技术、有效的药物治疗等措施是颅内动脉瘤手术治疗的关键。     

16例瘤壁钙化动脉瘤患者的临床分析

回顾性分析 1 6例瘤壁有钙化的颅内动脉瘤病例的影像学、临床资料及手术治疗 ,分析颅内血管钙化与颅内动脉瘤病理发生机制的关系。 1 6例瘤壁有钙化的颅内动脉瘤的位置 :后交通动脉 3例 ,大脑中动脉 2例 ,前交通动脉 2例 ,椎动脉 5例 ,基底动脉 4例。其中 1 4例动脉瘤直径 >1 .5cm ,9例 >2 .5cm。所有病人的血钙、磷酸盐、血糖、肾功能正常 ;6例病人血脂增高。 1 6例患者均施行动脉瘤夹闭术 ,其中 8例术中切除动脉瘤 ,治疗效果良好。     

颅脑损伤合并颅内动脉瘤破裂出血9例

目的:探讨颅脑损伤合并颅内动脉瘤破裂出血临床特点及诊治。方法:颅脑损伤合并颅内动脉瘤破裂出血9例均急诊行开颅动脉瘤血肿清除和去骨瓣减压,基底动脉瘤行血管内介入栓塞治疗术,并行腰蛛网膜下腔引流5～7天。结果:颅内动脉瘤破裂出血9例均经CTA或DSA检查证实,其中前交通动脉瘤3例,大脑中动脉瘤3例,颈内动脉-后交通动脉瘤2例,基底动脉瘤1例,行开颅动脉瘤夹闭术8例,行血管内介入栓塞治疗术1例。全部病例恢复良好。结论:颅脑损伤伴蛛网膜下腔出血患者有合并颅内动脉瘤破裂出血的可能,早期明确诊断、积极合理的治疗是提高疗效的关键。     

颅内破裂微小动脉瘤的血管内治疗临床研究

目的 探讨颅内微小破裂动脉瘤血管内治疗的技术可行性和临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析我院2007年10月～2012年3月共收治的10例颅内微小动脉瘤性急性蛛网膜下腔出血患者行血管内治疗病例,其中颈内动脉床突上段动脉瘤1例,后交通动脉瘤4例,前交通动脉瘤2例,大脑中动脉瘤1例,椎动脉瘤1例,小脑后下动脉瘤1例;行单纯可脱性微弹簧圈动脉瘤囊内栓塞8例,对其中的宽颈动脉瘤辅以血管支架、球囊辅助的瘤颈成形技术完成治疗2例.结果 9例行可脱性微弹簧圈动脉瘤囊内栓塞病例,达完全致密栓塞8例,1例患者瘤颈有很小的部分残留为95％栓塞,在随访期间保持稳定;其中1例置入支架的颈内动脉床突上段动脉瘤,术后半年复查,未发现支架移位;本组病例无1例死亡.结论 血管内治疗颅内破裂微小动脉瘤是可行和有效的,是外科颅内动脉瘤夹闭术的一种有效替代方法.     

手术夹闭和血管内介入治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效比较

目的 探索和分析颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者应用手术夹闭和血管内介入治疗的临床效果与特点.方法 随机性抽取颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者中的120例,并进行回顾性试验研究,分为对照组和研究组,各60例.120例患者中共有宽颈动脉瘤129个,对照组有65个,研究组有64个,对照组应用血管内介入治疗,研究组患者应用手术夹闭治疗,对比2组患者临床效果.结果 手术后平均随访12个月,研究组未出现复发,对照组复发率14％,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 针对颅内宽颈动脉瘤患者应用手术夹闭和血管内介入治疗等都可以起到较好的效果,但手术夹闭治疗后不易出现复发现象,相比血管内介入治疗后出现复发的概率较大,有效的降低脑积水的发生率.血管介入治疗宽颈动脉瘤对于手术夹闭创伤较小,恢复快,相对减少患者身体上的痛苦.     

手术夹闭和血管内介入治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的疗效比较

目的 探讨颅内宽颈动脉瘤不同治疗方法的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2008年5月至2011年7月间手术夹闭和血管内介入治疗的146例、152个颅内宽颈动脉瘤,比较其术后疗效.预后采取改良mRS评分,0～2分为良好,3～6分为不良.结果 手术夹闭90例患者94个动脉瘤,随访3～ 24个月(平均12.5个月),未见复发.其中完全夹闭92个,夹闭不全2个,予以再次手术夹闭,良好79例(87.8％).血管内介入治疗56例、58个动脉瘤,随访6 ～ 96个月(平均36.2个月),复发8个(13.8％),良好50例(89.2％).两组预后差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 手术夹闭和血管内介入治疗均能有效治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤.手术夹闭不易复发,血管内介入治疗相对容易复发.     

床突旁动脉瘤的外科治疗

目的：探讨颈内动脉床突旁动脉瘤的治疗策略,评价显微外科手术及血管内介入治疗床突旁动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法：回顾性分析28例床突旁动脉瘤病例,共检出床突旁动脉瘤30个,其中Barami分型Ⅰa型4个,Ⅰb型5个,Ⅱ型13个,Ⅲa型4个,Ⅲb型1个,Ⅳ型3个。15例患者行显微手术治疗,共处理床突旁动脉瘤17个,其中有3例采用血管搭桥+动脉瘤旷置术。13例患者行血管内介入治疗（1例复发后改行显微外科手术治疗）,其中3例患者采用球囊辅助栓塞,3例患者采用支架辅助栓塞。结果：28例患者共处理床突旁动脉瘤30个。15例显微外科手术治疗患者,术后出现视力下降1例,术后10 d突发意识不清死亡1例;13例血管内介入治疗患者,术后脑血管痉挛、脑梗死、对侧肢体轻瘫1例,2例患者出现交通性脑积水,行分流术后好转。术后复查造影19例,10例显微外科手术治疗组患者中夹闭完全9例,9例血管内介入治疗组患者中弹簧圈完全栓塞7例,1例支架辅助栓塞后12个月动脉瘤复发增大,改行颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉吻合,双侧大脑前动脉吻合,动脉瘤旷置术。28例患者出院时格拉斯哥预后评分(Glasgow outcome scale, GOS)5分18例,4分8例,3分1例,0分1例。结论：选择合适的病例,显微外科手术及血管内介入治疗床突旁动脉瘤均可获得良好的治疗效果。     

脑动脉瘤破裂急性期的手术治疗

目的 探讨脑动脉瘤破裂急性期的手术治疗.方法 回顾分析14例脑动脉瘤破裂患者的临床病例资料.14例患者中,前交通动脉瘤6例,后交通动脉瘤4例,大脑中动脉瘤4例.所有患者均在发病后24 h内行DSA检查,48 h内进行显微手术,直视下夹闭动脉瘤.结果 术后1例病情恶化自动出院,1例植物生存,2例有不同程度的偏瘫,其余恢复良好.结论 脑动脉瘤破裂急性期手术效果明显,可有效防止再出血,降低病死率.     

荧光素钠及吲哚菁绿血管造影在颅内动脉瘤夹闭术中的应用对比

  目的  探讨荧光素钠血管造影（fluorescein videoangiography, FL-VA）与吲哚菁绿血管造影（indocyanine green videoangiography, ICG-VA）在颅内动脉瘤术中不同的应用效果。  方法  回顾性分析2019年1月?2020年1月间在我院接受颅内动脉瘤夹闭术的65例患者,在动脉瘤夹闭后先行FL-VA,再行ICG-VA,分别用两种造影结果判断动脉瘤是否夹闭完全、载瘤动脉是否狭窄以及瘤周穿支动脉是否通畅。  结果  65例患者中,30例FL-VA及ICG-VA结果一致,10例FL-VA在显示细小穿支血管（2例颈内动脉后交通动脉动脉瘤及3例前交通动脉动脉瘤）及判断动脉瘤是否夹闭完全（3例大脑中动脉动脉瘤,1例颈内动脉后交通动脉动脉瘤及1例大脑前动脉远端动脉瘤）方面较ICG-VA有明显优势。因吲哚菁绿在血管内清除快,25例动脉瘤夹闭术中短时间内重复进行ICG-VA,但FL-VA无法重复进行。  结论  FL-VA较ICG-VA能更清晰地显示穿支血管,准确判断动脉瘤是否夹闭完全,但缺点是无法短时间内重复行FL-VA。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.