老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的诊治体会

目的:探讨分析老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的诊治体会。方法:回顾性分析我院收治的28例老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸患者临床资料,气胸且肺部压缩程度20%的患者予以保守治疗,气胸且肺部压缩程度20%的患者行胸腔穿刺放气或胸腔闭式引流。结果:6例肺部压缩程度20%,经对症治疗全部治愈,22例肺部压缩程度20%的患者,20例行胸腔穿刺放气或胸腔闭式引流治疗后好转出院,2例因病情严重治疗无效死亡。结论:老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸临床表现复杂,应准确诊断,减少漏诊和误诊,确诊后及时给予对应的治疗措施,可降低病死率。     

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病并自发性气胸的外科治疗

目的 总结老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病并自发性气胸的外科治疗经验. 方法 对我科2005年1月～2008年6月收治的15例老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病并自发性气胸患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析. 结果 本组15例患者2例行胸腔闭式引流术5天后无漏气顺利拔管;其余13例均行手术治疗,其中3例在胸腔镜下行胸腔粘连松解+肺修补术,8例行单纯肺大疱切除术,2例开胸行肺大疱切除 +肺减容术.术后所有患者胸闷、气促症状较术前明显改善,术后随访3个月至3年未见气胸复发. 结论 老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病并自发性气胸患者,肺功能均较差,如术前做好充分准备,对部分患者进行外科手术治疗是安全的、可行的.     

83例老年慢性阻塞性肺病并自发性气胸的外科治疗

目的总结老年慢性阻塞性肺病患者并发自发性气胸的外科治疗体会。方法回顾性分析83例老年慢性阻塞性肺病并发自发性气胸患者的外科治疗方式、术中防肺创面漏气措施以及术后处理情况。结果治愈81例,死亡2例,为术后并发严重呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭所致。开胸或胸腔镜术后留置胸管时间4~14d,平均4.6d。术后漏气的8例在保证胸管引流通畅下7~14d停止,呼吸衰竭2例经呼吸机辅助呼吸22~36h后抢救成功。结论老年慢性阻塞性肺病并发自发性气胸的外科治疗效果确切,不易复发,但要把握好手术指征,术中采用防止肺创面漏气以及促进胸膜腔粘连预防气胸复发的措施、术后加强呼吸道管理是保证手术效果的关键。     

老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸38例临床分析

目的总结分析老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的临床特点,为临床治疗提供进一步的指导依据。方法回顾性分析我院呼吸科2008年1月至2010年6月收治的38例老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的临床资料,对其临床特点进行总结分析。结果 38例老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸患者经过对症治疗后33例均治愈,占86.8%,3例死亡,占7.9%。死亡原因主要是由于发生呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭抢救无效。结论对于老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸患者应积极治疗原发病,根据病情采取不同的治疗方法,从而提高临床治愈率。     

慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发气胸65例临床分析

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的临床特点、诊断和治疗方法.方法 对2005年1月-2010年8月慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发气胸患者65例的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并根据自发病至就诊时间分为2组,比较2组住院时间、治愈率及病死率.结果 A组患者平均住院时间(13.0±8.5)d,治愈24例,治愈率92.3%,死亡2例...     

35例老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的临床分析

目的探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的临床特点和诊治方法.方法对近年来救治的35例老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸患者的临床资料进行分析.结果33例治愈出院(94.3%),2例(5.7%)因病情过重抢救无效死亡.结论老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸病情进展快,容易误诊漏诊.临床上应仔细检查,积极救治,以提高患者的治愈率     

老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发气胸的临床诊断与分析

目的 探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸的临床疗效.方法 对37例慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 本组37例患者经治疗后,治愈29例,死亡8例.结论 老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发气胸易造成延迟诊断和漏诊,临床应警惕气胸发生的可能,一经确诊,应采取积极的治疗措施,降低患者的病死率.     

慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸术后治愈率及复发率的临床研究

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸患者术后治愈率和复发率,并分析其成因。方法:通过收集我院2010年9月~2011年11月慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸接受手术的56例患者的临床资料,统计患者基本资料及手术治疗方法等情况,并随访患者术后治愈率和复发率,分析可能成因。结果:治愈50例,死亡6例,其中2人因感染性休克死亡,4例因高龄并发呼吸衰竭死亡,治愈率89.2%,死亡率12%,复发7人,复发率14%。通过单因素统计学分析,发现术后复发率与术前发作次数有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论:慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸发病迅速,病情复杂,临床应尽快确诊,合理制定方案,根据情况早期手术,重视术前发作次数,预测术后复发率。     

老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸72例临床观察

目的 :探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的临床特点与临床疗效.方法 :将2013年6月~2016年12月于我院接受治疗的72例老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸患者作为研究对象,通过分析患者的各项临床资料,探讨此病的发病特点及临床疗效情况.结果 :本组研究所选取的72例老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸患者中,经影像学胸片检查确诊61例(84.72%),经穿刺抽气确诊7例(9.72%),误诊为哮喘持续状态4例(5.56%);导致自发性气胸的主要肺部基础疾病为慢性支气管炎65例(90.28%);主要感染诱因为呼吸道感染52例(72.22%).66例(91.67%)患者经临床治疗后好转出院,6例(8.33%)死亡.结论 :老年慢性阻塞性肺气肿并发自发性气胸的临床症状表现不典型,较易出现误诊情况,且由于病情发展较快,需及时予以确诊并给予必要的治疗措施,以提高患者的生存率.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病并发自发性气胸患者的护理体会

目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病并发自发性气胸患者的护理方法和效果.方法:回顾性分析了38例慢性阻塞性肺疾病并发自发性气胸患者的护理过程和经验.结果:38例患者经治疗护理后35例病情好转后拔管出院,3例患者病情无明显减轻而带管自动出院.结论:慢性阻塞性肺气肿合并自发性气胸一旦确诊,除个别轻症患者可经保守治疗外,多数应行胸腔穿刺抽气,对于呼吸困难明显、肺压缩程度较重的患者应尽早行胸腔闭式引流,促进肺复张.同时加强心理护理、饮食调节,促进疾病的康复,提高生活质量.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.