树突状细胞疫苗与食管癌免疫治疗

随着树突状细胞(DC)体外扩增技术和肿瘤抗原制备、负载体系等DC疫苗制备技术的发展,与食管癌治疗相关的多种DC疫苗相继出现,包括多肽负载DC疫苗、食管癌细胞-DC融合疫苗、核酸负载DC疫苗、自体肿瘤抗原负载DC疫苗等,其中多肽负载DC疫苗及凋亡的自体肿瘤细胞负载DC疫苗等在临床应用中已取得较好疗效.     

树突状细胞疫苗的临床应用进展

树突状细胞(DC)是一类重要的抗原呈递细胞，其独特的刺激幼稚T细胞活化的功能，使其在抗严重病毒感染和抗肿瘤免疫方面发挥极其重要的作用。目前多种形式以DC为基础的肿瘤疫苗已在动物模型中取得了较好的抗肿瘤效果，部分疫苗已应用于临床试验。现就DC疫苗近几年的临床应用进展作一综述。     

树突状细胞疫苗的临床应用进展

树突状细胞(DC)是一类重要的抗原呈递细胞,其独特的刺激幼稚T细胞活化的功能,使其在抗严重病毒感染和抗肿瘤免疫方面发挥极其重要的作用.目前多种形式以DC为基础的肿瘤疫苗已在动物模型中取得了较好的抗肿瘤效果,部分疫苗已应用于临床试验.现就DC疫苗近几年的临床应用进展作一综述.     

树突状细胞及其在血液系统肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用

树突状细胞(DC)是体内功能最强的抗原提呈细胞,由DC激活的T细胞免疫在抗肿瘤过程中起着主导作用。关于DC肿瘤疫苗在血液系统肿瘤免疫治疗方面应用的结果已显示出DC疫苗在血液系统肿瘤治疗中有巨大的应用前景。就国内外有关DC的生物学特征和DC疫苗在血液系统肿瘤免疫治疗中的研究进展作一综述。     

树突状细胞疫苗肿瘤抗原负载方式的临床转化研究进展

树突状细胞（dendritic cell, DC）是体内功能最强的抗原提呈细胞,能将肿瘤抗原提呈给T细胞,是抗肿瘤免疫的启动者。DC疫苗的肿瘤免疫治疗虽已取得丰硕成果,但在其临床转化过程中还有很多问题需要解决,选择何种抗原负载方式则是其中之一。目前临床试验中常用的有肿瘤细胞裂解物负载DC、重组肿瘤相关抗原负载DC及携带肿瘤相关抗原信息的mRNA转染DC三种方法。本文对此三种方法在临床试验中的应用做一综述,为树突状细胞疫苗的临床应用提供参考。     

树突状细胞疫苗在肿瘤临床治疗中的应用

树突状细胞(Dendritic cell，DC)是目前发现的功能最强大的抗原提呈细胞，其功能独特之处在于能捕获、提呈肿瘤抗原并激活初始型T细胞，从而引发一系列的肿瘤抗原特异性的免疫应答。DC疫苗在众多的动物肿瘤模型的治疗中已取得了显著的效果。近年来，DC疫苗的临床I、Ⅱ期研究也取得了一定的进展。本文就近几年来DC细胞在肿瘤免疫治疗中的临床应用研究做一回顾。     

树突状细胞与肝细胞癌免疫治疗

树突状细胞（DC）是体内功能最强的抗原提呈细胞（APC）,由DC激活的T细胞免疫在抗肿瘤过程中起着主导作用。关于DC肿瘤疫苗的基础与临床研究结果显示,DC疫苗在恶性肿瘤治疗中具有良好的应用前景。     

树突状细胞与肝细胞癌免疫治疗

树突状细胞(DC)是体内功能最强的抗原提呈细胞(APC),由DC激活的T细胞免疫在抗肿瘤过程中起着主导作用。关于DC肿瘤疫苗的基础与临床研究结果显示,DC疫苗在恶性肿瘤治疗中具有良好的应用前景。     

树突状细胞疫苗的制备及其临床应用研究

本文主要就近 2年来树突状细胞 (DC)疫苗的发展和临床应用等方面作一综述 ,着重讨论DC疫苗的制备方法及存在问题。     

树突状细胞肿瘤疫苗研究进展

树突状细胞(DC)是具有最强抗原提呈能力的专职性抗原提呈细胞.近年来,以DC为基础的肿瘤疫苗研究已成为肿瘤免疫治疗的热点之一.本文综述各种DC肿瘤疫苗的制备方法和目前临床应用现状.     

树突状细胞疫苗治疗脑胶质瘤进展

树突状细胞(DC)介导的肿瘤疫苗应用于脑胶质瘤治疗,通过选择更合适的靶点,增强了DC疫苗的特异性。由基因工程转入抗细胞凋亡蛋白,获得了寿命更长、效能更高的DC疫苗。随着临床经验的积累,DC疫苗的疗效得到了显著提高。     

Targeting breast cancer vaccines to dendritic cells: improved immunological responses with less protein?

The central goal of cancer immunotherapy is to control tumors through the mobilization of the patient's immune system. Vaccines targeting the Her2/neu proto-oncogene have been tested with some early encouraging responses in breast cancer. However, a more effective set of vaccines targeting specific immune cell subtypes may provide a more potent means to stimulate anti-tumor immunity. Dendritic cell-specific antibodies fused with the Her2/neu protein proved effective at generating immune responses in preclinical models. Importantly, only low amounts of protein vaccine were required to generate this response, which has potentially significant implications for the future clinical development of Her2/neu-targeted vaccines and other vaccine targets.     

Clinical implications of the new biology in the development of melanoma vaccines

There has been a resurgence in clinical research of vaccine therapies, particularly for the treatment of melanoma. The renewed interest in this field is attributable to an increased understanding regarding the immune response to tumors and the immunobiology of melanoma. Molecular biology techniques have enabled investigators to develop genetically engineered tumor vaccines that are intended to favor the type 1 immune response over the type 2 response. Melanoma-associated antigens have been characterized at the molecular level and are currently being investigated in clinical trials. Dendritic cell biology has also provided a potent method to present antigens to the host for immunization. Lastly, vaccines are being explored as a method to generate immune T-cells for adoptive immunotherapy. These new areas of clinical investigation will be reviewed in the context of the historical developments that have laid the foundations of this field.     

Novel chemotactic-antigen DNA vaccine against cancer

Dendritic cells play a pivotal role in immune induction. Dendritic cells perform antigen uptake, processing and presentation to T cells only when they are matured and in the functional state. In the development of a vaccine, it is of utmost importance to consider how to make dendritic cells' functions immunologically adequate. In this paper, we report the development of a series of antitumor DNA vaccines with similar structural framework, in which a gene encoding tumor-associated antigenic peptide is ligated upstream to the gene coding secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine and downstream to the gene encoding the Fc portion of IgG (named chemotactic-antigen DNA vaccine [CADV]). CCR7(+) T, B, natural killer and dendritic cells can be attracted by secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine, and Fc facilitates antigen uptake via Fc receptors expressed on dendritic cells. In a series of experiments in mice vaccinated by CADV with such tumor-associated antigenic specificities as HPV-16 E7, PSA-PSM-PAP, HER-2/neu, p53 and hTERT, CADV can attract immune cells to the vaccine inoculation site, remarkably inhibit tumor growth and extend survival time in tumor-bearing mice. The antitumor effect is more efficacious than that in mice treated with SLC-Ag or Ag-Fc hybrid gene. Tumor-associated antigenic-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be induced by in vitro experiment in a human system. When combined with measures blocking the negative immune feedback circuits, the therapeutic effect of the vaccine can be further enhanced. Large-scale production of CADV is possible for clinical application.     

therapeutic vaccines for colorectal cancer

A number of cancer vaccine strategies for the treatment of colorectal cancer have entered clinical trials. Whole tumor cell vaccines have been developed from both patients’ autologous tumor cells as well as established allogeneic tumor cell lines. A vaccine consisting of autologous tumor cells along with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has shown a potential clinical benefit in patients with stage II colon cancer. Other approaches using autologous tumor cells have involved transfection of primary tumor cells with cytokine genes. Allogeneic tumor cell vaccines have also been modified to express cytokine genes. Vectors have been studied extensively as a means of vaccine strategy. One tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that has been extensively studied in viral vector vaccines is carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). A recombinant vaccinia virus containing the CEA transgene (rV-CEA) has been shown to elicit CEA-specific immune responses in advanced carcinoma patients. However, patients receiving multiple vaccinations had limited increases in CEA-specific responses by the third vaccination. This problem may be overcome by the use of non-replicating poxviruses, which have been shown in clinical trials to be safe and to elicit CEA-specific responses. However, recent clinical studies have shown that the optimal use of poxviruses is to prime with vaccinia, followed by boosts with avipox vectors. A recent randomized clinical trial showed that patients primed with rV-CEA and boosted with avipox-CEA had greater immune responses compared with patients receiving three 1-monthly avipox-CEA vaccinations followed by an rV-CEA vaccination. Furthermore, a statistically significant survival advantage was noted in the prime/boost arm. Ongoing studies are now incorporating the genes for costimulatory molecules along with TAA in these vectors. Another vaccine strategy involving TAA that is currently in clinical trials for colorectal cancer is the peptide vaccine. Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to be the most potent antigen-presenting cell, thus providing an attractive modality for cancer vaccines. In addition to using DCs for peptide-based vaccines, a number of other strategies, including transfection with messenger RNA, have produced specific T-cell responses in clinical trials. In addition, several clinical trials using murine anti-idiotype antibodies as vaccines for patients with advanced colorectal cancer have shown both immunologic responses as well as clinical responses.     

经修饰DC疫苗抗肿瘤作用的研究进展

 树突状细胞（DC）是体内最强的专职抗原提呈细胞,近年来,DC疫苗成为肿瘤治疗研究的热点之一,人们用各种基因修饰DC疫苗,解决了肿瘤细胞免疫原性弱和DC抗原提成能力低所引起的抗原解离以及肿瘤免疫逃逸等问题,诱导产生更强的抗肿瘤免疫反应,达到抑瘤、减瘤的效果,为肿瘤患者带来新的希望。     

Glycan modification of the tumor antigen gp100 targets DC-SIGN to enhance dendritic cell induced antigen presentation to T cells

Dendritic cells (DC) have gained much interest in the field of anticancer vaccine development because of their central function in immune regulation. However, the clinical application of ex vivo cultured DC has significant disadvantages. A vaccine that targets dendritic cells in vivo and enhances antigen presentation would be of great benefit. Because of its DC-restricted expression pattern, and its function as an antigen uptake receptor, DC-SIGN is an interesting candidate target structure for human immature DC. Here, we studied whether modification of the melanoma differentiation antigen gp100 with DC-SIGN-interacting glycans enhances targeting to human DC. A high-mannose form of gp100, as protein or as tumor lysate, not only interacted specifically with DC through DC-SIGN but also resulted in an enhanced antigen presentation to gp100-specific CD4(+) T cells. Our results indicate that glycan modification of tumor antigens to target C-type lectin receptors, such as DC-SIGN, is a new way to develop in vivo targeting DC strategies that simultaneously enhance the induction of tumor-specific T cells.     

Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy for prostate cancer

Dendritic cells are unique in their ability to stimulate naive T cells. These investigators have developed a prostate cancer vaccine using autologous dendritic cells as a vehicle to present prostate antigens to T cells in vivo.     

树突状细胞与卵巢癌的免疫治疗

树突状细胞(DC)是目前发现的体内功能最强的专职抗原提呈细胞,可在体内外激活初始T细胞,并有效诱发细胞毒性T淋巴细胞反应,在抗肿瘤免疫中发挥重要作用.近年来采用DC疫苗进行抗肿瘤治疗已成为肿瘤生物治疗领域的热点之一.DC抗肿瘤机制及DC疫苗在卵巢癌治疗中的应用等研究也取得了很大进展.