角膜接触镜对眼屈光的影响

目的探讨角膜接触锐对眼屈光的影响。方法利用SEED自动电脑验光仪观察测定160名（320眼）近视患者戴软性及送气性硬性角膜接触镜一年之中角膜屈率半径、角膜激光度及眼球镜度的变化。结果戴软性角膜接触镜一年后，眼屈光状态与裁镜前比较，无显著性变化。戴透气性硬性角膜接触镜一年后，眼屈光状态与戴镜前比较，有显著性变化；角膜曲车半径值平均增加0．12mm（P＜0．0005），角膜散光度平均降低0．65D（P＜0．0005），眼球镜度近视降低0．49D（0．005＜P＜0．01）。结论由此推断透气性硬性角膜接触锐对近视、散光有一定防治效果。     

配戴散光型接触镜矫正屈光不正临床体会

我院自1994年1月至1994年12月共配戴角膜接触镜散光型30例共46眼，现分析报告如下。一、材料来源：深圳艾爵光学有限公司提供散光型接触镜。二、配戴接触镜前常规：1．眼部检查：详细询问病史，排除眼部禁忌症。2验光检查：进行自觉或他觉验光，根据年龄、职业确定屈光度及矫正视力。3．常规按普通镜与接触镜屈光之差换算表计算适合本人的接触镜度数。三、配戴过程（－）试镜：1．主观感觉如何2裂隙灯下细心观察接触镜后表面曲率与角膜前表面曲率匹配是否合适．过松、过紧均会出现视力不稳定、结膜充血等并发症状。接触镜片中心位置偏离瞳孔…     

儿童混合性散光的屈光演变规律

目的 探讨儿童混合性散光的屈光演变规律。方法 选择4～9岁混合性散光儿童38例66眼，每年予1％阿托品扩瞳检影验光1次，连续4年，记录屈光状态，分析其等效球镜、远视、近视屈光度及散光度的动态变化。结果 儿童混合性散光绝大多数为顺规散光，经扩瞳检影、配镜可获得较好的矫正视力，视力〉0．6。随访4年，患儿等效球镜及远视主径线的屈光度逐年降低（P〈0．01），近视主径线的屈光度逐年加深（P〈0．01），散光度及轴位基本保持稳定不变（P〉0．05）。结论 儿童混合性散光可能是儿童屈光系统发育过程中的一个特定阶段，随着儿童年龄的增长，多可演变为近视散光，在儿童期，应密切随访，及时、正确地配镜矫正，以提高乖改善儿童视功能。     

软性角膜接触镜矫正散光研究进展

近年来 ,随着科技发展、社会进步与人民生活水平的提高 ,角膜接触镜 (contact lens,CL ) ,特别是以聚甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯 (polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate,HEMA )为主要原料生产的软性角膜接触镜 (soft CL ,SCL )逐渐成为一种重要的屈光不正矫正手段 [1 - 3 ] 。然而 ,散光问题对 SCL提出了严峻的挑战。虽然 CL对不规则散光的矫正作用为人们所熟知 ,长期以来 ,有许多人一直认为 ,SCL不能矫正散光 [4] 。美国接触镜理事会 1991年调查发现 ,对接触镜有兴趣的配镜者约有 1/ 3被其验配师告知因为他们的散光度数太高 ,不能配戴接触镜 [5 ] …     

硬性透气性接触镜在儿童屈光不正的应用

从上世纪70年代开始,随着硬性透气性接触镜材料的出现,硬性透气性角膜接触镜(rigid gas permeable contact lens,RGP)逐渐应用于临床[1].由于其良好的光学特性及安全性,近年来选择性地应用于儿童屈光异常的矫正.     

儿童屈光不正性弱视的散光状态分析

本文通过对１８８例３４３眼５－１３岁弱视儿童的散光状态进行分析，复合远视散光占５８．３９％，混合性散光占１２．８４％，单纯远视散光占１１．６６％，复合近视散光占１１．０７％，单纯近视散光占５．５３％。导致弱视的散光度：单纯远视散光为１．８３±０．６１Ｄ，单纯近视散光为１．４２±０．４１Ｄ，散光参差度为１．３３±０．４１Ｄ，复合远、近视和混合散光所致弱视的最低球、柱镜度数均为０．５－１．０Ｄ。     

长戴型软接触镜矫正屈光不正1190眼临床分析

对象、材料和方法本组全部采用同济海昌公司生产的长戴型软镜。其材料主要为HEMA,用离心浇铸法生产而成,镜片中心厚度为0.04mm,直径14mm,含水量为55％,透氧性能良好,可连续戴用7天。本组606例1190眼,其中双眼配戴584例,单眼配戴22例,全部均为近视或复性近视散光。配戴接触镜前常规眼部检查,排除禁忌症。进行主觉验光和他觉验光,矫正视力低于1.0者散瞳验光,根据年龄,职业要求确定屈光度及矫正视力,按接触镜与普通眼镜屈光力     

透气性硬性角膜接触镜矫治屈光不正的效果

目的：观察透气性硬性接触镜（RGPCL／Super.OEX)矫正屈光不正的效果、使用安全程度以及配戴者的适应情况。方法：对来本中心验镜RGPCL的36例患者72眼，根据屈光度、角膜曲率和配适情况，选择适合的镜片。分别于戴镜1w、1个月、3个月后进行戴镜视力、眩光对比敏感度、角膜曲率、角膜内皮细胞、角膜地形图和裂隙灯等各项眼科检查：结果：配戴RGPCL可以获得良好的矫正视力，尤其对高度近视、高度散光矫正效果明显优于框架眼镜（P＝0．005）。部分戴镜眼对比敏感度比戴框架眼镜眼有提高。配戴RGPCL的舒适度较好，但初戴者需要数日的适应。戴镜前后角膜曲率、角膜内皮细胞、眼轴长度、角膜厚度均无明显变化。戴镜后未见有严重的角结膜并发症。结论：RGPCL矫正屈光不正是安全有效、容易被接受的，并且明显优于框架镜。     

硬性透气性角膜接触镜矫正青少年复杂性屈光不正

目的观察硬性透气性角膜接触镜(rigid gas-per-meable contact lens,RGP)矫正青少年复杂性屈光不正的效果。方法对37例70眼7～18岁青少年出现的复杂性屈光不正给予验配RGP,并观察配戴患者的依从性,并矫正视力。其中,屈光参差10例,高散光10例,高度近视9例,近视发展较快6例,圆锥角膜2例。结果RGP矫正视力0.88±0.20与框架眼镜矫正视力0.77±0.27之间比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001)。所有患者均无严重并发症发生。结论RGP镜片能有效提高特殊屈光不正患者的矫正视力,促进青少年视觉功能发育;同时具有较好的依从性。     

Scleral contact lenses for visual rehabilitation in keratoconus and irregular astigmatism after refractive surgery

This study aims to report our experience of using fluid-ventilated, gas-permeable scleral contact lenses (SCLs) for visual rehabilitation of patients with keratoconus and irregular astigmatism after refractive surgery. This is a noncomparative interventional case series reporting eight consecutive patients fitted with SCLs because of irregular astigmatism following the failure of other optical corrections. Retrospective chart review and data analysis included age, sex, etiology prior to lens fitting, visual outcomes, follow-up time, and complications. Twelve eyes of eight patients were studied. All eyes were fitted with SCLs due to unsatisfactory vision with spectacle correction or other contact lens modalities. Five eyes had keratoconus and seven had irregular corneas post refractive surgery. The mean follow-up period was 14.4 ± 1.3 months (range 11–17 months). The mean age was 32.63 ± 7.68 years (range 18–48 years). The average steepest keratometry(Kmax) of our series was 49.56 ± 12.2 D. The mean refractive astigmatism was 5.50 ± 5.3 D. The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution improved from 0.71 ± 0.50 (range 0.10–1.40) to 0.05 ± 0.07 (range 0.00–0.15) after SCL fitting (p < 0.001). All reported eyes achieved significant improvement in the BCVA with SCL fitting. None of the patients discontinued to wear SCLs. SCLs should be considered lenses of choice in irregular corneas refractory to conventional optical correction.     

Evaluation of refractive correction for standard automated perimetry in eyes wearing multifocal contact lenses

AIM: To evaluate the refractive correction for standard automated perimetry (SAP) in eyes with refractive multifocal contact lenses (CL) in healthy young participants. METHODS: Twenty-nine eyes of 29 participants were included. Accommodation was paralyzed in all participants with 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride. SAP was performed using the Humphrey SITA-standard 24-2 and 10-2 protocol under three refractive conditions: monofocal CL corrected for near distance (baseline); multifocal CL corrected for distance (mCL-D); and mCL-D corrected for near vision using a spectacle lens (mCL-N). Primary outcome measures were the foveal threshold, mean deviation (MD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD). RESULTS: The foveal threshold of mCL-N with both the 24-2 and 10-2 protocols significantly decreased by 2.2-2.5 dB CONCLUSION: Despite the induced mydriasis and the optical design of the multifocal lens used in this study, our results indicated that, when the dome-shaped visual field test is performed with eyes with large pupils and wearing refractive multifocal CLs, distance correction without additional near correction is to be recommended.     

配戴离焦RGPCL对高度近视儿童角膜屈光力及散光量的影响

目的：对比观察高度近视儿童配戴离焦硬性透气性角膜接触镜(RGPCL)前后角膜屈光力改变,并分析配戴后镜片对角膜屈光力及散光量的影响。

方法：自身前后对照研究。收集2019-06/2020-06在西安市第一医院眼视光中心就诊并验配离焦RGPCL的8～12岁高度近视儿童30例60眼。使用TMS-4N角膜地形图仪测量基线及戴镜0.5、1a时戴镜状态下角膜切向屈光力,分析角膜鼻侧(N)、颞侧(T)、上方(S)和下方(I)角膜最大屈光力值及中央顶点处角膜屈光力改变情况,同时以1mm为间隔采集前述4个方位角膜屈光力以及角膜顶点处屈光力,采集范围为1～4mm,分析戴镜前后各点位屈光力变化情况。戴镜0.5,1a时后要求停戴1wk后复测眼轴、屈光度和角膜地形图,分析戴镜后较基线时眼轴、等效球镜度、散光和角膜屈光力等改变情况。

结果：配戴离焦RGPCL时鼻侧(N)、颞侧(T)、上方(S)和下方(I)的角膜最大屈光力在0.5、1a时较戴镜前均显著增加,与角膜顶点处屈光力相比均表现为正相对屈光力,与戴镜前的负相对屈光力相比具有显著差异。在戴镜0.5、1a时复诊时戴镜状态下角膜相对周边屈光力朝正屈光力方向改变,除T1点位周边负屈光力增加外,其余各轴向各点位周边屈光力均显著增加。配戴0.5a后角膜陡K值变平0.11±0.10D,simK值减少0.20±0.18D,1a后角膜陡K值变平0.10±0.12D,平均K值变平0.02±0.05D,simK值减少0.16±0.13D。戴镜0.5、1a时后角膜平K较基线变化无差异。

结论：配戴离焦RGPCL状态下角膜最大屈光力较角膜顶点处均表现为正相对屈光力,且4条轴向上各点位角膜相对周边负屈光力均由负值转变为正值。戴镜1a内眼轴和等效球镜度均较基线时增加,而散光量减少,角膜屈光力呈陡K变平趋势。     

RGP对青少年复杂性屈光不正的矫正效果

研究硬性透氧性角膜接触镜（rigid gas permeable contact lens,RGP)对青少年复杂性屈光不正的矫正效果。 方法：对51例90眼复杂屈光不正10～20岁的青少年患者给予验配RGP镜片,观察其矫正视力以及随访其并发症。 结果：RGP镜片平均矫正视力为0.95±0.17,与框架眼镜平均矫正视力(0.39±0.11)相比,矫正视力有明显提高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。所有病例均无严重并发症出现。 结论：RGP镜片能有效提高复杂屈光不正患者的矫正视力,促进青少年视觉功能发育     

[In Press] Evaluation of refractive correction for standard automated perimetry in eyeswearing multifocal contact lenses

AIM: To evaluate the refractive correction for standard automated perimetry (SAP) in eyes with refractive multifocal contact lenses (CL) in healthy young participants. METHODS: Twenty-nine eyes of 29 participants were included. Accommodation was paralyzed in all participants with 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride. SAP was performed using the Humphrey SITA-standard 24-2 and 10-2 protocol under three refractive conditions: monofocal CL corrected for near distance (Baseline); multifocal CL corrected for distance (mCL-D); and mCL-D corrected for near vision using a spectacle lens (mCL-N). Primary outcome measures were the foveal threshold, mean deviation (MD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD). RESULTS: The foveal threshold of mCL-N with both the 24-2 and 10-2protocols significantly decreased by 2.2?2.5 dB (P<0.001), while that of mCL-D with the 24-2 protocol significantly decreased by 1.5dB (P=0.0427), as compared with that of baseline. Although there was no significant difference between the MD of baseline and mCL-D with the 24-2 and 10-2 protocols, the MD of mCL-N was significantly decreased by 1.0-1.3 dB (P<0.001) as compared with that of both Baseline and mCL-D, with both 24-2 and 10-2 protocols. There was no significant difference in the PSD among the three refractive conditions with both the 24-2 and 10-2 protocols. CONCLUSION: Despite the induced mydriasis and the optical design of the multifocal lens used in this study, our results indicated that, when the dome-shaped visual field test is performed with eyes with large pupils and wearing refractive multifocal CLs, distance correction without additional near correction is to be recommended.     

硬性透气性接触镜矫治高度近视合并角膜散光

目的：评估硬性透气性接触镜（ rigid gas permeable contact lens,RGPCL）对高度近视合并角膜散光的矫治效果。 方法：对高度近视合并角膜散光患者72例118眼验配RGPCL,1mo后复诊记录戴镜矫正视力。综合验光记录的最正之最佳矫正视力为对照。将RGPCL的最佳矫正视力与最正之最佳矫正视力比较。 结果：综合验光最正之最佳矫正视力情况,其中4.7共17眼（14.4%）,4.8共52眼（44.1%）,4.9～5.0共49眼（41.5%）。 RGPCL最佳矫正视力情况,其中4.7共6眼（5.1%）,4.8共21眼（17.8%）,4.9～5.0共91眼（77.1%）。 RGPCL 矫正视力4.9～5.0提高了42眼（35.6%）,差异有统计学意义。 结论：RGPCL对高度近视合并角膜散光患者的矫治效果好。     

散光对小学生屈光变化的影响观察

目的研究散光对小学生屈光变化的影响,为儿童近视的防治提供理论参考。方法对川沙学区某小学一年级学生209人（418眼）进行眼科普查,了解其基础屈光状态。后随访2年,每年复查其屈光状态的变化情况。应用Minitab统计软件对无散光眼组、有散光眼组近视化进展程度进行比较,并对有散光组分别分析不同散光度数、不同散光轴向眼近视化进展的差异。结果有散光组近视化速度均高于无散光组,且两组间存在统计学显著性差异（P〈0．05）。不同散光度数组与无散光组相较,其近视化进展的程度均具有统计学显著性差异（P〈0．05）。2．00-1．25D散光组近视化进展速度最快。不同散光轴向对近视化促进作用无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论眼散光可促进儿童近视化的进展。在对儿童进行屈光矫正的过程中,应对散光进行合理矫正,以达到进一步控制近视发生发展的目的。     

Silsoft extended wear contact lenses in pediatric aphakia

Fifty pediatric aphakic patients, ranging in age from 7 days to 11 years, were fitted with the Silsoft extended wear contact lens. Compared to other extended wear lenses, the Silsoft lens has several advantages. These include easier handling, a less traumatic fitting procedure for the child, the use of fluorescein for evaluation of the lens-cornea relationship and a low loss rate. This lens appears to be safe, with no permanent adverse effects on the cornea.     

高度近视儿童配戴硬性透气性角膜接触镜临床观察

目的探讨6岁以下高度近视儿童配戴硬性透气性角膜接触镜(rigid gas permeable contact lens,RGPCL)2a的临床应用效果。方法在角膜地形图指导下对16例(32眼)3～6岁高度近视儿童进行RGPCL配戴,观察患儿的RGPCL配戴和适应情况,比较最佳框架眼镜和RGPCL矫正视力。随访2a观察并发症的发生情况、屈光度发展及视力提高情况。结果配戴框架眼镜矫正视力与RGPCL比较差异有统计学意义(t=-4.558,P<0.05);配戴RGPCL2a前后矫正视力差异有统计学意义(t=6.027,P<0.05),2a后屈光度增长(-0.17±0.42)D、眼轴长度增长(0.07±0.02)mm。所有患儿均1次配戴成功,配戴试戴镜5min后患儿能正常视物、玩耍,1周内均能适应全天日戴。随访期间,1例患儿因家长没有时间为孩子配戴而弃戴,其余均能日戴,镜片需患儿家长清洗、为患儿配戴,5例患儿能独立摘镜片;所有病例均未发现角膜缘新生血管,无角膜擦伤或角膜溃疡等严重并发症。结论近视性屈光参差及高度近视儿童配戴RGPCL矫正屈光不正安全、有效。