SARS患者心理健康状况随访研究

目的追踪研究SARS患者入院、出院及出院3个月后3个阶段心理状况及影响因素,对有心理问题的SARS患者进行心理干预并进行干预效果评价.方法采用自拟一般状况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、自尊量表(SES)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)作为工具,对114名SARS患者进行追踪调查.结果 1.SCL-90总分、强迫、恐怖因子分出院较人院时有上升[均分分别为(153.34±62.72)分/(150.50±56.66)分,(1.80±0.80)分/(1.71±0.71)分,(1.48±0.74)分/(1.38±0.63)分],之后开始下降[均分分别为(138.47±50.91)分/(153.34±62.72)分,(1.76±0.78)分/(1.80±0.80)分,(1.36±0.61)分/(1.48±0.74)分];躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分随时间变化逐渐下降[均分分别为(1.85±0.90)分/(1.77±0.84)分/(1.60±0.75)分,(1.81±0.87)分/(1.78±0.85)分/(1.59±0.75)分,(1.79±0.78)分/(1.76±0.84)分/(1.50±0.66)分].2.强迫、人际敏感、恐怖问题发生率,出院时较入院时上升,之后开始下降(P＞0.05).其他因子发生率,随着时间的推移逐渐下降(焦虑发生率由0.298降到0.289再降到0.14,P＜0.05).3.自尊在3个研究阶段均是SARS患者心理症状的影响因素;自觉病情严重程度是从入院到出院时的影响因素;消极应对是从出院和出院后3月时的影响因素;文化程度是出院后3月时的影响因素.4.电话心理干项后SARS患者SCL-90总分及大部分因子分下降(P＞0.05),部分因子分尤其躯体化(P＜0.01)反而上升[躯体化由(1.58±0.78)分上升到(2.08±0.82)分,P＜0.01].结论 1.SARS患者在各期均存在明显的情绪障碍且影响因素不完全相同,临床应该持续评估其心理状态,并进行及时干预.2.经心理干预后SARS患者心理症状减轻不明显,部分症状反而加重.     

严重急性呼吸道综合征患者心理症状追踪研究

目的追踪研究严重急性呼吸道综合征(SARS)患者入院、出院及出院后3个月三个阶段心理状况及影响因素,对有心理问题的SARS患者进行心理干预并做干预效果评价.方法采用自拟一般状况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、自尊量表(SES)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)作为工具,对114名SARS患者进行追踪调查.结果 1.总分、强迫、恐怖因子分出院较入院时有上升,之后开始下降;躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分随时间变化,在3个阶段逐渐下降.2.强迫、人际敏感、恐怖问题发生率,出院时较入院时上升,之后开始下降(P >0.05).3.自尊在3个研究阶段均是SARS患者心理症状的影响因素;自觉病情严重程度是从入院到出院时的影响因素;消极应对是出院和出院后3月时的影响因素;文化程度是出院后3月时的影响因素.4.电话心理干预后SARS患者SCL-90总分及大部分因子分下降(P >0.05),部分因子分尤其躯体化(P <0.01)反而上升.结论 1.SARS患者在各期均存在明显的情绪障碍且影响因素不完全相同,临床应该持续评估其心理状态,并进行及时干预.2.心理干预后SARS患者心理症状减轻不明显,部分症状反而加重.     

严重急性呼吸道综合征患者心理症状追踪研究

目的追踪研究严重急性呼吸道综合征（SARS）患者入院、出院及出院后3个月三个阶段心理状况及影响因素，对有心理问题的SARS患者进行心理干预并做干预效果评价。方法采用自拟一般状况调查表、症状自评量表（SCL-90）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）、自尊量表（SES）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）作为工具，对114名SARS患者进行追踪调查。结果 1．总分、强迫、恐怖因子分出院较入院时有上升，之后开始下降；躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分随时间变化，在3个阶段逐渐下降。2．强迫、人际敏感、恐怖问题发生率，出院时较入院时上升，之后开始下降（P〉0．05）。3．自尊在3个研究阶段均是SARS患者心理症状的影响因素；自觉病情严重程度是从入院到出院时的影响因素；消极应对是出院和出院后3月时的影响因素；文化程度是出院后3月时的影响因素。4．电话心理干预后SARS患者SCL-90总分及大部分因子分下降（P〉0．05），部分因子分尤其躯体化（P〈0．01）反而上升。结论 1．SARS患者在各期均存在明显的情绪障碍且影响因素不完全相同，临床应该持续评估其心理状态，并进行及时干预。2．心理干预后SARS患者心理症状减轻不明显，部分症状反而加重。     

度洛西汀联合心理干预治疗躯体形式障碍的对照研究

目的 探讨度洛西汀联合心理干预治疗躯体形式障碍的临床疗效.方法 将67例躯体形式障碍患者采用随机数字表法随机分为研究组(度洛西汀合并心理干预)34例和对照组(单用度洛西汀)33例.应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及大体评定量表(GAS)进行评定.结果 治疗8周后研究组SCL-90躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分分别为(1.39±0.45)分,(1.66±0.52)分,(1.83±0.69)分,(1.73±0.66)分,(1.30±0.48)分,较对照组[分别为(1.78±0.61)分,(1.69±0.47)分,(2.39±0.54)分,(2.11±0.49)分,(1.49±0.78)分]低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);治疗第2周末、第4周末,研究组SCL-90躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗后,研究组HAMA评分(10.20±3.70)分较对照组(13.07±3.20)分明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组显效率分别为85.29％、60.60％,两组痊愈率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.08,P＜0.05).结论 度洛西汀合并心理干预治疗躯体化障碍较单一用药疗效更为显著,值得推广应用.     

心理干预对烧伤患者生存质量的影响

目的 探讨心理干预对烧伤患者生存质量的影响.方法 采用病例对照研究方法,采用简明烧伤健康量表(BSHS-A)进行问卷调查,对80例烧伤患者进行为期6～12个月的追踪研究,40例常规治疗联合心理干预(简称心理组),40例常规治疗(简称对照组).结果 患者出院时,心理组在BSHS-A问卷总均分和心理功能、社会关系和一般健康状况维度的分值[分别为(286.11±29.06)分,(72.96±7.22)分,(72.48±7.73)分,(68.97±7.07)分]高于对照组[分别为(270.62±35.32)分,(67.63±8.97)分,(68.60±9.21)分,(65.41±8.43)分],差异有显著性(P＜0.05),其中心理功能维度差异有极显著性(P＜0.01);2组躯体功能分值差异无显著性(P＞0.05).出院6个月后,2组BSHS-A评分均有下降的趋势,但是心理组在BSHS-A问卷总均分和心理功能、社会关系和一般健康状况维度的分值仍高于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05),其中心理功能维度和社会关系维度差异有极显著性(P＜0.01);2组躯体功能维度差异无显著性(P＞0.05).心理组下降显著的有BSHS-A总均分、社会关系和一般健康状况维度,下降非常显著的有心理功能维度;对照组下降非常显著的有BSHS-A总均分、心理功能和社会关系及一般健康状况维度,2组躯体功能维度均下降不显著.结论 心理干预可以提高烧伤患者生存质量,显著改善患者心理功能和社会关系及一般健康状况,帮助患者重返社会,但是对于躯体功能影响不明显.烧伤患者出院后生存质量有下降趋势.     

桥本氏病患者心理健康状况及社会功能的影响因素

目的 研究桥本氏病(HT)患者心理健康状况及社会功能的影响因素.方法 应用90项症状清单(SCL-90)、社会功能缺陷筛选量表,评定HT患者治疗前后心理健康状态、社会功能的改变及影响因素.结果 HT组SCL-90总均分、躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、社会功能缺陷评分[分别为(1.7±0.6)分,(2.0±0.7)分,(1.9±0.6)分,(2.0±0.6)分,(1.8±0.5)分,(5.2±0.9)分]高于对照组[分别为(1.4±0.4)分,(1.3±0.5)分,(1.6±0.5)分,(1.5±0.6)分,(1.4±0.4)分,(1.3±0.8)分](P<0.01).HT患者经左旋甲状腺素(L-T4)治疗3月后SCL-90总均分、躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑及社会功能缺陷评分[分别为(1.3±0.5)分,(1.5±0.5)分,(1.6±0.4)分,(1.6±0.4)分,(1.4±0.6)分,(1.8±0.3)分]明显下降(P<0.01),其中HT患者经治疗后社会功能缺陷评分仍高于正常组(t=5.78,P<0.01).Logistic回归分析示影响HT患者SCL-90总均分危险因素为社会功能缺陷评分(F=1.16,P<0.01)、TSH(F=2.05,P<0.01)及TPO(F=3.48,P<0.01).结论 HT患者存在心理健康及社会功能问题,TSH、TPO为危险因素,L-T4补充治疗利于心理健康及社会功能的恢复.     

心理干预对离休干部患者心理状态的影响

目的:探讨离休干部患者不良心理状况的因素以及心理护理干预措施的作用及效果。方法:对124例离休干部患者入院初进行症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估,根据评估结果,实施心理护理干预,出院时再进行SCL-90评估。结果:本组患者入院时存在严重的不良心理状况,而出院时的SCL-90评估各因子分与入院时比较,结果均低于入院时,具有极其显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:重视离休干部患者不良心理状况,采取有针对性的心理干预措施,对其躯体疾病的康复治疗进程及生存质量的提高有积极的促进作用。     

症状自评量表焦虑与抑郁分比值对焦虑症和抑郁症诊断价值的探讨

目的 探讨通过症状自评量表测验结果 诊断和鉴别焦虑症与抑郁症的可能性.方法 对首诊的抑郁症和焦虑症患者,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)比较各组间评分的差异.结果 焦虑组除了躯体化因子外,其他各因子分明显低于抑郁组[躯体化(2.12±0.28)分,(2.24±0.82)分;强迫(2.21±0.84)分,(2.64±0.81)分;人际关系敏感(1.78±0.72)分,(2.28±0.81)分;抑郁(2.13,±0.82)分,(2.83±0.87)分;焦虑(2.26±0.85)分,(2.62±0.84)分;敌对(1.90±0.78)分,(2.26±0.82)分;恐怖(1.67±0.71)分,(2.01±0.76)分;偏执(1.68±0.78)分,(1.99±0.79)分;精神病性(1.88±0.71)分,(2.19±0.77)分],差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);焦虑组与抑郁组焦/抑郁比值的对照有显著性差异,根据焦焦虑/抑郁比值大于1或小于1再分组,比较SCL-90评分情况:焦虑组中比值大于1组SCL-90中除了抑郁分较比值小于1组明显升高以外(P=0.01),其余各因子分结果 比较,差异无显著性(P0.05);抑郁组比值大于1组中躯体化、焦虑分较比值小于1组明显升高(P<0.01),而人际敏感、抑郁分较比值小于1组明显降低(P<0.05).结论 抑郁症患者焦虑等症状严重程度较焦虑症患者重,仅凭症状的绝对严重程度无法区别焦虑症和抑郁症患者,焦虑和抑郁的相对严重程度(焦虑/抑郁比值)可以作为诊断和鉴别的参考.     

宫颈癌患者26例术前心理干预护理体会

目的 探讨术前心理干预对宫颈癌患者心理的影响.方法 对26例宫颈癌患者术前进行心理干预护理,在心理干预前后采用症状自评量表SCL-90对患者进行检测,比较干预前后患者各种心理状态的变化.结果 实行心理干预护理后SCL-90量表总分从(180.29±21.46)分下降到(148.45±18.43)分,其中单因子得分中抑郁从(3.12±0.46)分下降到(2.37±0.41)分,焦虑得分从(2.94±037)分下降到(2.15±0.28)分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 心理干预护理能明显降低宫颈癌患者症状自评量表SCL-90的总得分,有效减轻其焦虑和抑郁情绪.     

心理护理干预对宫颈癌患者的心理影响

目的:对宫颈癌患者进行心理调查分析,寻找负性心理特征,并给予相应的心理护理干预。方法:64例宫颈癌患者(宫颈癌组)和50例子宫肌瘤患者(对照组)应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行测评,并根据测评结果给予相应的护理干预。结果:干预前,两组患者SCL-90总分及各因子分均高于正常常模范围(P<0.05);宫颈癌SCL-90的总均分及各因子分中F1(躯体化症状)、F2(强迫症状)、F3(人际敏感)、F4(抑郁)和F5(焦虑)等的均分均明显高于对照组;通过手术及护理干预4 d后,与术前比较,两组SCL-90均分及各因子均分明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组间比较,宫颈癌组仍明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:宫颈癌患者的负性心理状态的护理干预是一个长期过程,应通过各种手段给予患者良性影响,以提高患者的生存期及生活质量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.