Results of a phase I�CII study on intraductal confocal microscopy (IDCM) in patients with common bile duct (CBD) stenosis

Background

Confocal endomicroscopy is an emergent technique and allows real optical biopsies in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new intraductal confocal miniprobe in patients with a normal common bile duct (CBD) or with a suspicion of a malignant stenosis (cholangiocarcinoma).

Methods

Thirty-seven patients (23 males) underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for bile duct stone removal (7 cases) or bile duct stenosis (30 cases). Intraductal confocal microscopy (IDCM) was performed during the ERCP using a probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) technique. IDCM was done with the CholangioFlex probe with Cellvizio (Mauna Kea Technologies, Paris, France). The depth of penetration of theCholangioFlex probe was 40?C70???m and magnification was 400×. Images were reviewed by an experienced pathologist in GI disease and compared to ERCP findings, CBD biopsies performed during ERCP or EUS, and in 15 patients to the resected specimen (Wipple resection).

Results

No complications related to the CholangioFlex insertion occurred after the ERCP. Good images were obtained in 33 patients. Final histology diagnosis was a normal CBD in 7 cases, 23 malignant stenoses (4 ampullary carcinomas, 13 cholangiocarcinomas, and 6 pancreatic cancer), and 7 inflammatory stenoses (4 chronic pancreatitis, 1 stenosis of hepaticojejunal anastomosis, 1 postcholecystectomy CBD stenosis, and 1 primary sclerosing cholangitis). IDCM of a normal CBD showed a thin black band (<20???m), normal vessels (thin and regular), and no visible glands. IDCM of malignant strictures revealed irregular vessels with lack of contrast in the CBD wall, large black band (>20???m), and an aggregate of irregular black cells (black clumps). These aspects were seen in all malignant stenoses and none were seen in benign or normal CBD. The presence of irregular vessels, large black bands, and black clumps seen with confocal laser microscopy enabled prediction of neoplasia with an accuracy rate of 86%, sensitivity of 83%, and specificity of 75%. The respective numbers for standard histopathology were 53, 65, and 53%.

Conclusion

This phase I?CII study on IDCM showed that IDCM is feasible. This new technique will open a new door for optical biopsy of the CBD.     

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the hilar bile duct mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma: report of a case

We herein report a case of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the hilar bile duct. An asymptomatic 58-year-old male was noted to have mild liver dysfunction in March 2009 during the follow-up for angina pectoris. Abdominal-enhanced CT revealed wall thickening from the upper common hepatic bile duct to the left hepatic bile duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed stenosis at the junction of the left hepatic bile duct. Although the patient??s serum tumor markers were all within the normal ranges, the possibility of malignant disease of the biliary tree could not be ruled out. Left hepatectomy with the caudate lobe and resection of the extrahepatic bile duct were performed. Histopathologically, the resected specimen showed a polypoid lesion measuring 2 × 2 cm in size that projected into the lumen of the left hepatic bile duct. Microscopic examination revealed this polypoid lesion to be composed of mucous glands resembling gastric fundic glands, with parietal and chief cells. We also review eight other reports of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the biliary tree previously published in the English literature.     

Mucosal bile duct carcinoma with superficial spread

We describe a case of mucosal bile duct carcinoma with superficial spread in a 69-year-old man with gallstone pancreatitis. The patient was seen at the hospital because of abdominal pain, fever, and jaundice. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) demonstrated a protruding lesion in the lower third of the common bile duct (CBD) showing wall irregularity suggestive of malignancy. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) disclosed a papillary tumor with granular mucosa extending continuously to the middle third of the CBD. Cholangioscopic biopsy specimens taken from both the papillary tumor and surrounding granular mucosa revealed papillary adenocarcinoma. After this assessment of extent of cancer by PTCS, we performed pancreatoduodenectomy with extrahepatic bile duct resection and regional lymph node dissection. Pathology examination revealed papillary adenocarcinoma limited to the mucosal layer. The resected margin of the bile duct was free of tumor. We also reviewed 25 cases of early mucosal bile duct carcinoma described in detail in the Japanese literature, and we discuss the diagnostic advantages of PTCS. Received for publication on Nov. 25, 1997; accepted on Jan. 27, 1998     

中下段胆管癌的诊断和鉴别诊断

目的　探讨中下段胆管癌的诊断和鉴别诊断。方法　对 18例术前误诊为中下段胆管癌资料进行回顾性分析。结果　本组 9例经ERCP、6例MRCP、以及PTC、T管胆道造影、CT各 1例确定胆管狭窄部位。 16例经手术探查确定诊断 ,分别为 :胆总管损伤 3例 ,胆囊管与胆总管汇合点过低伴结石嵌顿 2例 ,胆囊癌转移灶 2例 ,胰腺癌 2例 ,胰腺结核 2例 ,慢性胰腺炎、胆总管结石、壶腹癌、十二指肠癌和腹腔结核各 1例 ;2例经随访治疗分别确定为腹腔结核和硬化性胆管炎。结论　单凭胆管狭窄的影像学资料难以将中下段胆管癌与许多病变相鉴别。应研究其术前和术中的诊断方法 ,提高诊断准确率 ,以便选择最适当的治疗方案     

Resected cystadenoma of the common bile duct

Biliary cystadenoma in the extrahepatic bile ducts is a very rare tumor. A 62-year-old woman with jaundice was admitted to our hospital. Imaging studies revealed a 4-cm cystic lesion around the hepatic hilum, compressing the common bile duct (CBD). When laparotomy was performed, a cystic tumor was detected in the hepatic hilum, filling the lumen of the CBD. Bile duct resection that included the tumor was performed, followed by biliary reconstruction. Microscopically, the cyst wall was lined by a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells, covering an ovarian-like stroma. The degree of atypia was low and warranted the diagnosis of cystadenoma.     

Unexpected bile duct carcinoma presenting with port-site metastasis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystolithiasis

On March 1, 1999, a 71-year-old woman was diagnosed as having cholecystolithiasis, for which she underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a local hospital. Intraoperative cholangiography was not performed. No malignant lesion was detected in the gallbladder. In March 2000, a subcutaneous tumor was pointed out at the port site in her abdomen, and resected. Histological examination revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma. On detailed examination, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) revealed a tumor, about 2 cm in diameter, in the lower bile duct. On June 1, she underwent pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy at our institute, and several disseminated lesions were detected at the port site and in the abdominal cavity. There have been few reports of bile duct carcinoma that developed peritoneal dissemination caused by leakage of bile during cholecystectomy. Leakage of bile should be prevented during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, even in patients not diagnosed as having cancer preoperatively. Received: August 16, 2001 / Accepted: February 8, 2002 Offprint requests to: M. Suzuki     

Lithotripsy in the laparoscopic era.

OBJECTIVES: The overall prevalence of gallstones in the United States is between 10% and 15%. Eighty-five percent of common bile duct (CBD) stones can be removed by endoscopic sphincterotomy with basket or balloon extraction, or both. The introduction of mechanical lithotripsy improved the results up to 90%. We present one case of retained CBD stone after 2 failed endoscopic sphincterotomies and balloon/basket extraction treated by electrohydraulic lithotripsy (EHL). METHODS: A fifty-year-old man underwent ERCP for suppurative cholangitis. Because of the failure of stone extraction, he was taken to the operating room for an open cholecystectomy and CBD exploration. The intraoperative cholangiogram showed contrast flowing into the duodenum. Seven weeks later, the patient presented with mild pancreatitis, and a T-tube cholangiogram revealed a stone impacted in the distal CBD. Percutaneous balloon extraction was again unsuccessful. RESULTS: The patient underwent a single 2.5-hour session of EHL via the T-tube tract. Mild pulmonary edema occurred intraoperatively. Complete clearance of the CBD was obtained without the need for additional ERCP. CONCLUSIONS: EHL is a valid and effective option for difficult retained common bile duct stones after failed ERCP.     

LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY AND MANAGEMENT OF CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS

The advent of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has led to a reassessment of the approach to the management of choledocholithiasis. In a consecutive series of 418 patients undergoing LC, common bile duct (CBD) stones were suspected pre-operatively in 130 patients. Forty-five of the patients (35%) were found to have CBD stones on either pre-operative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP; 20) or on operative cholangiography (OC; 25). Common bile duct stones were detected on OC in a further 12 of 288 patients (4.2%) without pre-operative suspicion of choledocholithiasis. Of the total of 57 patients with CBD stones, the duct was cleared by pre-operative ERCP and endoscopic sphincter-otomy (ES) in 15 patients. In 13 patients, two of whom had had a pre-operative ERCP and ES, duct clearance was achieved by relaxing the sphincter pharmacologically and flushing the CBD via the OC catheter. One patient had an on-table ERCP and ES with successful stone extraction during LC. Eleven patients were converted to open operation with bile duct exploration. Sixteen patients had a postoperative ERCP. In five patients the CBD stones had passed spontaneously in the time between LC and ERCP. Ten patients required ES to clear the duct of stones. One patient had a failed ERCP and is still awaiting a repeat. The remaining patient was scheduled, but did not return for follow-up ERCP. In summary, pre-operative ERCP was indicated in less than 10% of patients in this series. It was possible to deal with over one-third of CBD stones found at LC by the simple technique of pharmacological relaxation of the spincter of Oddi and flushing the duct through the cholangiogram catheter. Of the patients who required follow-up ERCP, one third had passed their CBD stones by the time of the examination and the rest required ES for stone extraction. Less than 3% of the entire series of patients were converted to open operation for exploration of the common bile duct.     

Pancreatobiliary and pancreatoduodenal fistulae in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas: report of a case

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas present more commonly in the elderly. This report describes a case of IPMN in a 36-year-old man who presented with obstructive jaundice and weight loss. The initial investigation by computed tomography scan revealed a cystic lesion in the head of pancreas fistulating into the duodenum and the common bile duct (CBD). Subsequent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed a low CBD stricture with proximal filling defects. Mucin was observed extruding from the biliary orifice following an endoscopic sphincterotomy. A classic Whipple’s pancreatoduodenectomy was performed to excise the lesion. A histological examination of the lesion confirmed the presence of a malignant IPMN of the pancreas complicated by pancreatobiliary and pancreatoduodenal fistulae.     

Must ERCP Be routinely performed if choledocholithiasis is suspected?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the diagnosis and treatment of those patients suspected of harboring bile duct stones before laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 1,235 consecutive LCs performed between 1991 and 1997 were studied prospectively. ERCP was performed to explore the common bile duct (CBD) preoperatively when choledocholithiasis was suspected on the basis of clinical, analytical or echographical data. RESULTS: ERCPs were performed in 268 patients: unsuccessful CBD evaluation in 3%; dilated CBD without lithiasis in 13%, and normal exploration in 37% (99 patients). CBD stones were found in 46% (124 patients), and endoscopic sphincterotomy was then performed and stone extraction attempted. Endoscopic therapy achieved 92.8% successful removal of CBD stones (115 patients). There was no ERCP-related mortality and the morbidity rate was 6%. Retained CBD stones have been observed in 7 cases after ERCP-LC; all of them have been successfully treated by ERCP. CONCLUSIONS: A combined approach to bile duct stones with selective use of ERCP followed by LC is a good therapeutical alternative. Nevertheless, the usual selection criteria for ERCP may lead to unnecessary exploration. It appears to be necessary to modify the current diagnostic and therapeutic strategy. Copyright Copyright 1999 S.Karger AG, Basel     

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography as a diagnostic tool for common bile duct stones: a comparison with ERCP and clinical follow-up

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The diagnostic potential of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP) has improved as a result of evolving technique. MRCP has the advantage of negligible morbidity and mortality in contrast to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This study was performed to evaluate MRCP as a replacement for diagnostic ERCP for the suspicion of common bile duct (CBD) stones. METHODS: From 1998 to 2001, MRCP was performed in 202 patients with a suspicion of CBD stones based on medical history (MH), cholestatic liver function tests (CL), both MH and CL or other reasons. ERCP was performed in all patients where MRCP indicated the presence of CBD stones and in those patients with a persistent strong clinical suspicion for CBD stones despite a negative MRCP. RESULTS: In 25 patients, MRCP suggested CBD stones which were proven with ERCP in 24 patients. Despite a negative MRCP, 27 patients had a subsequent ERCP. None of these patients appeared to have CBD stones. In this group, MRCP resulted in 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity in detecting CBD stones. Follow-up of all patients revealed 5 more patients with persistent clinical suspicion or cholestatic liver function values. Assuming CBD stones in these patients, MRCP had a sensitivity of 83 % and a specificity of 99% for this diagnosis. CONCLUSION: In the case of CBD stone suspicion, MRCP should be the diagnostic procedure of choice.     

Cost-effective management of common bile duct stones

Background: There are a variety of approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of common bile duct (CBD) stones in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods: Decision modeling was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of four strategies for managing CBD stones around the time of LC: (a) routine preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (preoperative ERCP), (b) LC with intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), followed by laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCDE), (c) LC with IOC, followed by ERCP (postoperative ERCP), and (d) expectant management (LC without any tests for CBD stones). Local hospital data were used to estimate costs. Cost-effectiveness was expressed in terms of the cost per case of residual CBD stones prevented (in excess of the cost of LC alone). Diagnostic test characteristics, procedure success rates, and adverse event probabilities were derived from a systematic review of the literature. Sensitivity analysis was used to explore the effect of uncertainty on the results of the model. Results: LC alone was the least costly strategy, but it was also the least effective. Of the more aggressive strategies, LCDE and preoperative ERCP were associated with marginal costs of $5993.60 and $299,259.35, respectively, per case of residual CBD stones prevented. Postoperative ERCP was more costly and less effective than LCDE, but it had a lower cost-effectiveness ratio than preoperative ERCP when the prevalence of CBD stones was < 80%. CONCLUSIONS: COMPARED TO OTHER COMMON APPROACHES, LAPAROSCOPIC CBD EXPLORATION IS A COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD OF MANAGING CBD STONES IN PATIENTS WHO UNDERGO LC. IF EXPERTISE IN LCDE IS UNAVAILABLE, SELECTIVE POSTOPERATIVE ERCP IS PREFERRED OVER ROUTINE PREOPERATIVE ERCP, UNLESS THE PROBABILITY OF CBD STONES IS VERY HIGH (>80%).     

十二指肠镜在诊治腹腔镜胆道术后并发症中的应用价值

目的探讨十二指肠镜在诊断及治疗腹腔镜胆道术后并发症的应用价值。方法自2002年1月至2008年6月,应用十二指肠镜诊治腹腔镜胆道术后并发症患者123例,根据具体类型进行针对性治疗,并对十：二指肠镜治疗效果进行回顾性分析。结果123例胆道并发症者中,胆道残余结石58例,56例结石排出;胆汁漏40例,38例治愈,避免开腹手术;胆总管下端狭窄11例,全部治愈;三管汇合处狭窄8例行胆道支架治疗,5例远期效果满意;肝门部胆管狭窄2例,胆管完全横断4例,经ERCP明确诊断后均行外科手术。：本组十二指肠镜治疗总的并发症发生率为4．88％,无严重并发症。结论针对腹腔镜胆道术后并发症,十二指肠镜是一种微创、安全、有效的诊断和治疗方法,对于胆管残余结石、胆汁漏、胆管下端狭窄疗效确切;对于胆管部分狭窄,十二指肠镜下胆道内支架作为一种可选择的治疗手段,使多数患者免受开腹手术之苦。     

Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder and common bile duct stones: our experience

AIM: The aim of this study was to verify the possibility to identify and treat common bile duct (CBD) stones by means of preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with a reduction of postoperative complications. METHODS: We have carried out a retrospective monocenter analysis of 104 consecutive patients who underwent a laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy performed by a single surgeon at the VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, between 2002 and 2006. Before the operation, we have performed highly selective studies like MRCP and ERCP to identify and treat CBD stones in patients affected by pancreatitis, jaundice, high liver function tests or in case of common bile duct dilation at the US examination, without intraoperative cholangiography. RESULTS: Of 104 patients with indication for a cholecystectomy, 22 patients (21.2%) presented high levels of cholestasis tests; 13 patients (12.5%) presented common bile duct dilation at the US examination (>6 mm diameter). Both groups underwent a MRCP which was positive in 8 patients (7.7%), confirming the diagnosis of common bile duct stones. For these reasons we removed CBD stones using preoperative ERCP. CONCLUSION: Preoperative ERCP and RMCP, without intraoperative cholangiography, is not associated with a significant increase in morbility/mortality associated with CBD stones before surgical treatment.     

Adenofibromyomatous hyperplasia of the extrahepatic bile duct--a report of two cases

Two patients with adenofibromyomatous hyperplasia located at the distal end of the extrahepatic bile duct are reported herein. The chief symptom in both patients was upper abdominal pain and the lesions found involved the proliferation of submucosal mucous glands and fibrous elements. Further progress in imaging diagnostic techniques would increase the frequency with which such lesions are discovered. But, even now, if mural irregularities and shadow defects are found in the extrahepatic bile duct, particularly in the distal end of the common bile duct, the possibility of a benign lesion such as adenofibromyomatous hyperplasia should be taken into consideration when making a diagnosis.     

胆总管结石内镜治疗术式的选择

目的：探讨内镜时代治疗胆总管结石治疗的恰当术式。方法：回顾性分析2004年1月—2008年7月采用ERCP,LC＋ERCP及腹腔镜胆总管探查术（LECBD）等诊断、治疗可疑胆总管结石309例患者的临床资料。结果：有216例行ERCP诊治,其中胆总管结石97例,占44.9%,因可疑胆总管结石行ERCP诊治的患者数逐年减少。93例行LECBD,其中71例成功,22例中转开腹。71例成功者中,经胆总管直接切开途径60例,经胆囊管途径11例,采用一次性胆总管缝合6例,行LECBD治疗的患者数逐年增多。ERCP+LC与LECBD相比两者在手术成功率、出血量、残石率方面差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);LECDB组的手术时间、手术并发症及住院时间均低于LC+ERCP组(均P<0.05)。结论：LECBD治疗胆总管结石优于LC＋ERCP。但在内镜技术高度发展的时代,选择个体化治疗方案是胆总管结石治疗的最佳术式。     

Endoscopic sphincterotomy for stenosis of the sphincter of Oddi

BACKGROUND: Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) is one of the causes of postcholecytectomy syndrome and biliary pain. Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) is recommended in some cases for patients refractory to conservative treatment. By the Milwaukee classification, patients with biliary pain can be divided into three groups. Group I patients show all the objective signs suggestive of a disturbed bile outflow-i.e., elevated liver function tests, dilated common bile duct (CBD), and delayed contrast drainage during endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP). Group II patients have biliary-type pain along with one or two of the criteria from group I. Group III patients have only biliary pain, with no other abnormalities. This study confirms the effectiveness of EST for the relief of symptoms in group I patients (papillary stenosis). METHODS: Between 1989 and 1999, we treated eight patients clinically diagnosed as having group I papillary stenosis by EST. Their ages ranged from 52 to 73 years. In addition to biliary pain, all patients were found to have dilated CBD, elevated enzyme levels, and delayed contrast drainage at ERCP. None of the patients had CBD stones or other causes of obstruction. Sphincter of Oddi manometry was not performed. RESULTS: EST was successfully performed in eight patients. Each patient had a very large papilla. A false orifice was found in one patient. In five patients, endoscopic cannulation of the bile duct was very difficult. The use of a long, tapered catheter and guidewire papillotomy was necessary in four patients. A precut papillotomy was performed in one patient. All patients achieved resolution of their symptoms after EST. There were no complications. The average length of the follow-up period was 26 months. CONCLUSIONS: SOD is a real entity that continues to pose a diagnostic dilemma. EST is an effective and safe modality for the treatment of papillary stenosis (group I patients). SOD manometry is not necessary before EST in group I patients.     

Role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the investigation of pain after cholecystectomy.

Patients who continue to have or who develop abdominal pain after apparently successful cholecystectomy pose diagnostic difficulties. This study reports 384 such patients, investigated by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). There were 146 patients with abdominal pain alone with no previous history of common bile duct (CBD) exploration, of whom only 17 (11.6 per cent) had CBD stones on ERCP. Bile duct calculi were present in 76 of 140 patients (54.3 per cent) with abnormal biochemical findings (raised alkaline phosphatase and/or amylase level) and in 34 of 57 (60 per cent) with an abnormality detected on ultrasonography or intravenous cholangiography. A combination of biochemical and radiological abnormalities was present in 37 patients and was associated with CBD stones in 28 (76 per cent). Patients who had undergone CBD exploration represented a special group, of whom the majority (75 per cent) had common duct stones at ERCP even in the absence of biochemical and radiological abnormalities. ERCP is a useful investigation in patients with persistent postcholecystectomy symptoms. Other features in addition to pain or a history of CBD exploration may be relevant to the decision to perform ERCP in the investigation of these patients.     

Mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of the pancreas with synchronous papillary carcinoma-in-situ of the common bile duct: a case report and literature review--synchronous pancreatic and bile duct tumors

This report is a case of a 58-year-old woman with a mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of the pancreas and a synchronous carcinoma-in-situ of the common bile duct. She presented with intractable itching from obstructive jaundice. Magnetic resonance imaging scan showed dilated intrahepatic biliary and common bile ducts. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed an ulcerated lesion of the ampulla. Biopsies from this lesion showed adenocarcinoma. Subsequently, pancreatoduodenectomy was performed for the diagnosis of peri-ampullary carcinoma. Gross examination revealed a 2-cm irregular, ulcerated lesion obstructing the distal 0.5 cm of the common bile duct within the head of the pancreas. On histopathological examination, it was discovered that this lesion contained two separate neoplasms: papillary carcinoma-in-situ of the intraparenchymal portion of the common bile duct and a mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of the pancreas. Mixed ductal-endocrine carcinoma of the pancreas is very rare. Finding it in conjunction with a synchronous, overlying papillary carcinoma carcinoma-in-situ of the common bile duct has not been previously described.     

IgG4相关硬化性胆管炎的CT和磁共振胰胆管成像表现

目的观察IgG4相关硬化性胆管炎(IgG4-SC)的CT和磁共振胰胆管造影(MRCP)影像表现。方法回顾性分析9例IgG4-SC患者的临床及影像资料,观察IgG4-SC初始病变的CT和MRCP特征及随访变化。结果初始病变:6例CT扫描显示肝外胆管胰腺段管壁增厚,其中2例伴有胰上段胆管壁偏心性增厚,增厚的胆管壁呈渐进性强化;7例MRCP检查中,6例显示肝外胆管胰腺段狭窄,1例肝内胆管狭窄和肝外胆管胰腺段狭窄,狭窄近侧的胆管呈中度至重度扩张。随访:5例未接受类固醇治疗以及2例治疗后复发的患者胆管病变均较初始加重。8例随访患者中,无论治疗及时与否,或是病变复发后再治疗,应用类固醇后胆管病变均显著好转。结论 IgG4-SC的CT和MRCP表现为胆管壁增厚、管腔狭窄和近侧胆管扩张,类固醇治疗后病变明显好转。