苯丁酸钠对甲状腺滤泡癌细胞侵袭能力及MMP-9和TIMP-1表达的影响

目的:探讨苯丁酸钠(sodium phenylbutyrate,NaBP)对甲状腺滤泡癌细胞CGTHW1的侵袭能力及基质金属蛋白酶9(matrix metalloproteinase9, MMP9)和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1(tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase,TIMP1)表达的影响 。方法：培养CGTHW1细胞,通过Transwell侵袭实验观察苯丁酸钠对CGTHW1细胞侵袭能力的影响,采用免疫细胞化学SP法及RTPCR观察苯丁酸钠对CGTHW1细胞中MMP9和TIMP1蛋白及mRNA表达的影响 。结果： 4 mmol/L苯丁酸钠作72 h, CGTHW1 细胞的侵袭细胞数显著减少\[（29.8±1.77）vs（11.00±2.59）,(P<0．01)\]。免疫细胞化学和RTPCR 检测结果显示,4 、6 mmol/L 苯丁酸钠显著抑制CGTHW1细胞中MMP9、TIMP1蛋白及mRNA的表达 (P<0．05)。结论：苯丁酸钠可通过下调MMP9和TIMP1的表达进而降低甲状腺滤泡癌CGTHW1细胞的侵袭能力。     

外周血基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂与甲状腺癌相关性分析

目的:探讨外周血中基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-2(TIMP-2)和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)与甲状腺癌的相关性。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和RT-PCR法检测30例甲状腺癌患者、27例良性甲状腺肿瘤患者和25例健康志愿者外周血中MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-2和TIMP-1的表达水平,分析两者与甲状腺癌之间的关系。结果:甲状腺癌、良性甲状腺病变和健康对照组血清中MMP-2的表达分别为(118.88±7.59)、(51.13±6.89)和(47.55±8.61)ng/mL,TIMP-2分别为(70.78±8.58)、(36.05±7.34)和(32.56±7.27)ng/mL,MMP-9分别为(110.18±15.49)、(56.39±10.90)和(49.28±11.64)ng/mL,TIMP-1分别为(63.62±9.95)、(38.53±8.31)和(34.01±8.22)ng/mL。甲状腺癌患者外周血中的表达均明显高于良性甲状腺肿瘤患者和健康志愿者P=0.000;良性甲状腺肿瘤患者和健康志愿者之间差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论:外周血中MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-2和TIMP-1的表达水平有助于甲状腺肿瘤良恶性的鉴别,是重要的术前评估手段。     

白藜芦醇对宫颈癌HeLa细胞基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制剂的影响

目的探讨白藜芦醇对宫颈癌侵袭和转移的影响及其初步作用机制。方法选用Transwell侵袭系统,观察白藜芦醇对宫颈癌细胞侵袭转移的影响;用明胶酶谱法、RT-PCR和Western blot法了解白藜芦醇对宫颈癌细胞MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-1、TIMP-2的活性、mRNA及蛋白表达的影响。结果白藜芦醇1、0.5mmol/L两组平均穿过的细胞数分别为9.20±1.924,10.20±2.049与空白对照组(39.80±2.387)相比,明显减少,P<0.05。同时,白藜芦醇能够明显降低宫颈癌细胞MMP-2、MMP-9的活性、mRNA及蛋白表达水平(P<0.05),上调TIMP-1、TIMP-2的活性(F=636.354,P<0.05,F=87.516,P<0.05)、mRNA(F=9.000,P<0.05,F=10.288,P<0.05)及蛋白表达水平(F=39.329,P<0.05,F=12.148,P<0.05),并使得MMP-2/TIMP-2、MMP-9/TIMP-1减小,P<0.05。结论白藜芦醇能有效抑制宫颈癌侵袭和转移。其作用机制可能与降低宫颈癌细胞运动能力、抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的活性、mRNA及蛋白表达水平,上调TIMP-1、TIMP-2的活性、mRNA及蛋白表达水平,并使得MMP-2/TIMP-2、MMP-9/TIMP-1减小,MMP-2/TIMP-2、MMP-9/TIMP-1的平衡能力相应提高有关。     

蝎毒多肽提取物对前列腺癌细胞侵袭力影响的体外研究

目的:观察蝎毒多肽提取物(PESV)对前列腺癌DU-145细胞侵袭力的影响,并探讨其可能作用机制.方法:前列腺癌DU-145细胞经PESV处理后,用MTT法检测其生长与增殖的变化;Transwell小室法观察其体外侵袭能力的变化;免疫组织化学方法及逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法研究其基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)的蛋白水平和mRNA水平表达的变化.结果:经PESV处理后,DU-145细胞的增殖受抑制.体外侵袭实验结果显示,对照组每100倍视野穿过的细胞数平均为(51.29±7.56)个,而5、10和20 μg/mL PESV作用24 h后,每100倍视野穿过的细胞数分别为(20.43±1.51)、(12.29±2.75)和(5±1.73)个,不同浓度组比较差异有统计学意义,F=38.933,P=0.000.PESV组侵袭细胞数目较对照组明显减少,P值均为0.000;免疫组化及RT-PCR结果显示,经PESV处理后,MMP-9表达下调,TIMP-1表达上调.结论:PESV抑制DU-145细胞侵袭力的作用可能与其下调MMP-9,上调TIMP-1的表达有关.     

卵巢上皮性肿瘤中基质金属蛋白酶MMP-9及其组织抑制剂TIMP-1 mRNA的表达及意义

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9)及其组织抑制物(TIMP-1)mRNA与卵巢上皮性癌的发生、发展及侵袭、转移的关系.方法:采用RT-PCR技术检测38例卵巢上皮性癌、15例卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤、16例卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤及11例正常卵巢组织中MMP-9及TIMP-1 mRNA的表达,并分析其与各临床病理参数的关系.结果:MMP-9 mRNA在卵巢上皮性癌及卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤组织中的阳性表达率分别为76%、44%及表达水平(分别为154.14±4.42,96.87±3.04)均显著高于卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤及正常卵巢组织(分别为13%,9%和8.26±2.67,2.341.02;P均＜0.05);且MMP-9mRNA在晚期卵巢上皮性癌组织中的阳性表达率和表达水平明显高于早期(P＜0.05).TIMP-1 mRNA在卵巢上皮性癌及卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤组织中的阳性表达率(分别为68%,38%)及表达水平(分别为126.35±3.81,90.62±5.54)均显著高于卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤及正常卵巢组织(分别为13%,9%和8.32±2.02,2.63±1.35;P均＜0.05);TIMP-1mRNA在卵巢上皮性癌组织中的阳性表达率和表达水平与各临床病理参数均无相关性(P＞0.05).结论:MMP-9mRNA的高表达及MMP-9/TIMP-1平衡的调节失衡导致卵巢上皮性肿瘤的发生、发展;MMP-9mRNA的高表达对卵巢上皮性癌的预后有意义.     

MMP-2、MMP-9及TIMP-2、TIMP-1在宫颈鳞癌中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶MMP-2、MMP-9及其组织抑制物TIMP-2、TIMP-1在宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达,及其间比值与宫颈鳞癌侵袭、转移的关系。方法:应用RT-PCR技术检测33例宫颈鳞癌和30例慢性宫颈炎组织中MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-2、TIMP-1mRNA表达水平。结果:(1)MMP-2、MMP-9在宫颈鳞癌组织中表达高于慢性宫颈炎组织,其表达值随癌的分期、病理分级的增高及淋巴结的浸润和转移而升高,TIMP-2、TIMP-1的表达则相反(P<0·01)。(2)宫颈鳞癌组织的分期、病理分级与MMPs/TIMPs值成正相关。结论:MMP-2,MMP-9,TIMP-2,TIMP-1的表达与宫颈鳞癌的发生发展密切相关,MMPs/TIMPs可能是评价宫颈鳞癌分期和病理分级的—个可靠指标。     

EGFR信号通路调节A375细胞侵袭转移分子机制探讨

目的:探讨EGFR信号通路对人黑色素瘤A375细胞增殖、粘附和侵袭的影响及其分子机制。方法:用稀释克隆技术筛选EGFR高表达细胞株;采用MTT法检测A375细胞增殖和粘附情况;利用Boyden小室模型检测A375细胞体外侵袭力;WesternBlot法检测P-EGFR和P-AKT蛋白表达;半定量RT-PCR检测MMP-2,MMP-9,TIMP-1和TIMP-2mRNA表达。结果:EGF(10ng/ml)作用A375细胞24h时使P-EGFR和P-AKT蛋白表达明显升高,同时A375细胞对Matrigel基质胶的粘附力和体外侵袭力均明显提高(P<0.05),但作用时间达72h时才表现出促细胞增殖作用;AG1478(20!mol/L)和LY290042(10!mol/L)分别封闭EGFR和PI3K活性后均能阻止EGF的作用,并以时间依赖方式抑制A375细胞生长(P<0.01),降低细胞粘附力和体外侵袭力(P<0.01)。EGF具有上调MMP-2,MMP-9和下调TIMP-1,TIMP-2mRNA表达水平作用,而AG1478能下调MMP-2,MMP-9和上调TIMP-1mRNA表达水平,但对TIMP-2mRNA表达改变不明显,结果使MMP-2/TIMP-2和MMP-9/TIMP-1mRNA比值均明显下降。结论:EGFR—PI3K/AKT信号通路参与调节黑色素瘤侵袭转移过程,MMP-2/TIMP-2和MMP-9/TIMP-1mRNA比值变化可能发挥重要作用。     

基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

背景与目的:基质金属蛋白酶(matrixmetalloproteinase,MMP)与基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂(tissueinhibitorofmatrixmetalloproteinase,TIMP)的表达失平衡在肿瘤侵袭、转移过程中起重要作用,但与乳腺癌预后关系的报道少见。本研究探讨MMP-2、MMP-9和TIMP-1、TIMP-2的表达与乳腺癌侵袭、转移和预后的关系。方法:原位杂交、免疫组化检测66例有临床和随访资料的乳腺癌患者的MMP-2mRNA、TIMP-2mRNA和MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-1、TIMP-2蛋白表达。统计学分析采用χ2检验、Kaplan-Meier和Cox多因素回归分析。结果MMP-2mRNA、TIMP-2mRNA和MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-1TIMP-2蛋白的阳性表达率分别为66.7%(44/66)、65.2%(43/66)和71.2%(47/66)、68.2%(45/66)、40.9%(2766)、69.7%(46/66),其中MMP-2蛋白与MMP-2mRNAMMP-9蛋白及TIMP-2mRNA与TIMP-2蛋白的表达存在显著性正相关(P<0.01);TIMP-1与MMP-9蛋白表达呈负相关(P<0.01)。有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌中MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达显著高于无转移者,但TIMP-2mRNA、TIMP-1蛋白表达显著低于无转移者(P<0.05)。乳腺癌中MMP-2mRNA和MMP-9蛋白表达与肿块大小、生存状况有显著性相关(P0.05),此外,MMP-9蛋白表达与临床分期存在正相关性(P<0.01)。绝经和ER表达阴性患者的MMP-2mRNA表达水平增高(P<0.     

MMP-9,2,7及其抑制剂TIMP-1,2,3在卵巢肿瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

背景与目的:基质金属蛋白酶(matrixmetalloproteinases,MMPs)通过降解细胞外基质在肿瘤的侵袭与转移中起着重要作用,MMPs活性又受到其抑制剂(tissueinhibitorofmatrixmetalloproteinase,TIMPs)的调节。本研究通过检测MMP-9、MMP-2、MMP-7及TIMP-1、TIMP-2、TIMP-3mRNA在卵巢肿瘤组织中的表达,探讨其与卵巢癌临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法:应用RT-PCR方法检测48例卵巢癌、21例良性肿瘤及22例正常卵巢组织中MMP-9、MMP-2、MMP-7及TIMP-1、TIMP-2、TIMP-3mRNA的表达。结果:MMP-9阳性率和MMP-9、MMP-2半定量值在卵巢癌组织中明显高于正常卵巢组织(P<0.05)。TIMP-2、MMP-7、TIMP-3在卵巢恶性及良性肿瘤组织中的阳性率及半定量值明显高于正常卵巢组织。MMP-9/TIMP-1在卵巢癌组织中的比值(0.91±0.67)明显高于正常卵巢组织(0.15±0.34)。MMP-9表达水平与卵巢癌的手术病理分期及预后有关,在Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者中的表达(1.13±0.66)显著高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者(0.60±0.54)(P<0.05);MMP-9其阳性患者平均生存时间为(43.00±17.12)个月,累积生存率为47.37%,明显低于MMP-9阴性者(100%)。结论:MMP-9、MMP-2、MMP-7、TIMP-2、TIMP-3基因在卵巢恶性肿瘤组织中的表达增加。MMP-9的高表达及MMP-9与TIMP-1的平衡失调在晚期卵巢癌的发     

Transwell小室筛选高侵袭性C6细胞MMP-2和TIMP-2的表达

目的:通过观察Transwell小室筛选的高侵袭性C6细胞中组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂-2(tissueinhibitorofmetalloproteinase-2,TIMP-2)的表达,探讨基质金属蛋白酶-2(matrixmetalloproteinase-2,MMP-2)及TIMP-2在胶质瘤侵袭中的作用机制。方法:通过Transwell小室筛选出一种更具有侵袭能力的C6-C1细胞,用细胞损伤愈合实验及Transwell小室评价其侵袭转移能力,用明胶酶谱、反向明胶酶谱及Westernblot等方法来检测MMP-2和TIMP-2的表达。结果:与同源C6细胞相比,这种体外筛选的C6-C1侵袭能力增加3倍多,增强了快速的单层细胞损伤愈合能力,MMP-2激活水平增加80%,TIMP-2的蛋白表达水平增长2倍。结论:MMP-2的激活水平增加与胶质瘤的侵袭转移能力相关,并与TIMP-2的表达增高相关。TIMP-2表达增加促进了MMP-2的激活和细胞侵袭。     

E-钙粘蛋白及PTEN基因编码蛋白与胃癌浸润转移

目的:观察抑癌基因PTEN蛋白和ECD在胃癌组织中的表达,探讨其与胃癌生物学行为及预后的关系。方法:以兔抗人PTEN多克隆抗体、鼠抗人ECD单克隆抗体,采用SABC免疫组化法,检测100例胃癌手术切除标本中拟测指标的表达。以χ2和Logrank检验对结果做统计学分析。结果:ECD、PTEN蛋白在非癌胃粘膜中均见表达;在胃癌组织中表达下调或缺失。ECD异常表达率为42.0%;弥漫型胃癌异常表达率(48.57%),明显高于肠型胃癌(26.67%),(P<0.05);ECD异常表达与浸润深度有关(P<0.05)。胃癌组织中PTEN蛋白缺失率为59%;弥漫型胃癌缺失率(65.71%)明显高于肠型胃癌(43.33%),(P<0.05);伴淋巴结转移的胃癌缺失率(64.47%)明显高于无淋巴结转移者(41.67%),(P<0.05);PTEN蛋白缺失的患者比阳性表达者预后差(P=0.0066)。65.85%PTEN阳性表达者同时伴ECD正常表达。结论:两种标志物与胃癌浸润转移有关,PTEN表达与胃癌患者预后密切相关。将两种指标联合检测,可作为正确判断胃癌患者预后,指导临床治疗的分子生物学指标。     

Cytologic classification of precancer and cancer of the endometrium and esophagus and of malignant lymphomas

The paper discusses cytological classifications of precancer and cancer of the endometrium, esophagus and malignant lymphomas presented by cytologists from five Soviet research institutes of oncology. The classifications were based on the data of 4400 cases in conformity with WHO histologic classifications.     

世界卫生组织骨质疏松症防治工作报告和防治建议

引 言 作为对第51号综合处理非传染性疾病预防与控制的世界卫生组织决议的反应,1998年7月WHO成立了致力于不断完善对骨质疏松预防和治疗策略的工作小组。小组成员来自世界各国致力于骨质疏松研究的知名专家。Harry K.Genant为本届主席。这一项世界范围内的骨质疏松教育计划旨在通过世界范围的研究,不断改善对骨质疏松的诊断水平和发展并完善对骨质疏松病人的合理治疗。其重点将以发展中国家为主。并为各国政府及其卫生部门和病人群体提供世界性有关骨质疏松症的总体的、完整的指导性资料。该项研究、教育计划的实施将由世界各国的骨质疏松症研究和治疗机构共同完成,并经权威学术机构、政府和非政府组织进行有针对性的回顾研究,最终由WHO审议通过。     

Schwannomas of Head and Neck and Review of Literature

Benign nerve cell tumours have been given various names like schwannoma, neurilemmoma, neurinoma, neurofibroma, spindle cell tumours etc. Extra cranial head and neck schwannomas usually present as solitary and well-demarcated lesions. The lesion can cause secondary symptoms, such as nasal obstruction, dysphasia, and hoarseness, depending upon the location of the lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology, CT scans, and MRI may be of limited help in the diagnosis of schwannomas. The treatment is complete surgical excision of the benign tumour and postoperative histopathological examination establishes the final diagnosis.     

Quality of life and care in leukemia,myeloma and non-malignant disease. Opinions of patients and relatives,and effects of geography and time

In a questionnaire study 140 subjects answered 4200 questions in 1980 and 1986. They consisted of patients with myeloma, acute leukemia, lung carcinoma, and non-malignant disease and their relatives. In 22 additional cases the questionnaire was not answered. The results show that myeloma patients are less content with the general care than leukemia patients (P < 0.05). Similarly, relatives of deceased myeloma patients are less satisfied with the information given to them than relatives of deceased leukemia patients (P < 0.001). The information has improved with time, however, since the patients were more satisfied in 1986 than in 1980 (P < 0.001) and relatives of myeloma patients still alive were more satisfied than relatives of patients who had died earlier (P < 0.001).     

A comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancerA comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancer

Aims: To assess and compare knowledge and awareness of colorectal cancer and breast cancer in a sample of the general population. Methods: Eleven hundred visitors to six different outpatient clinics, in a University Hospital, were given a study-specific questionnaire, based on educational material from the British Association of Cancer United Patients (CancerBACUP). The questionnaire consisted of 12 statements on the incidence, presentation, detection, treatment and prognosis of colorectal and breast cancer. Results: One thousand and sixty-eight individuals returned the questionnaire. One thousand and four completed questionnaires were analysed. The mean age (SD) of respondents was 50.1 (17.2) years, and the male to female ratio was 2:3. Respondents had read more about breast than about colorectal cancer (60.3%vs 32.4%,P <0.0001, McNemar's test). The proportion of correct answers for each statement on breast cancer was higher than for answers to corresponding items on colorectal cancer. Mean overall scores (95% CI) for breast and colorectal cancer were 88.1 (86.9, 89.2) and 64.4 (62.5, 66.3) respectively, the mean difference (95% CI) being 23.7 (22.0, 25.5). Scores were higher for breast cancer irrespective of age or gender. Conclusion: There is a low level of understanding of colorectal cancer in the general population when compared to breast cancer. This highlights the importance of public education in this common cancer.     

Prospective study of fruit and vegetable consumption and incidence of colon and rectal cancers

BACKGROUND: Frequent consumption of fruit and vegetables has been associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer in many observational studies. METHODS: We prospectively investigated the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and the incidence of colon and rectal cancers in two large cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (88 764 women) and the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study (47 325 men). Diet was assessed and cumulatively updated in 1980, 1984, 1986, and 1990 among women and in 1986 and 1990 among men. The incidence of cancer of the colon and rectum was ascertained up to June or January of 1996, respectively. Relative risk (RR) estimates were calculated with the use of pooled logistic regression models accounting for various potential confounders. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: With a follow-up including 1 743 645 person-years and 937 cases of colon cancer, we found little association of colon cancer incidence with fruit and vegetable consumption. For women and men combined, a difference in fruit and vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with a covariate-adjusted RR of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98-1.05). A difference in vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with an RR of 1.03 (95% CI = 0.97-1.09). Similar results were obtained for women and men considered separately. A difference in fruit consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with a covariate-adjusted RR for colon cancer of 0.96 (95% CI = 0.89-1.03) among women and 1. 08 (95% CI = 1.00-1.16) among men. For rectal cancer (total, 244 cases), a difference in fruit and vegetable consumption of one additional serving per day was associated with an RR of 1.02 (95% CI = 0.95-1.09) in men and women combined. None of these associations was modified by vitamin supplement use or smoking habits. CONCLUSIONS: Although fruits and vegetables may confer protection against some chronic diseases, their frequent consumption does not appear to confer protection from colon or rectal cancer.