因特网上的儿科学信息(一)

从Internet上的儿科WEB站点、医学院 儿科系、儿科学术机构、儿童与睡眠、婴儿猝死综合征等五个方面介绍In ternet网上的儿科学信息。     

Web based “Global Virtual Museum of Congenital Cardiac Pathology”

Significant advances have been made in the care of children with cardiac disease. Most advances have been guided by anatomical and functional understanding of the changes from normal imposed by the cardiac malformations. As survival has increased, it has become rare to obtain untreated and unaltered hearts for morphologic examination. This limited availability of new specimens, coupled with the inevitable deterioration of currently available specimens, means that alternative methods of “preservation” become increasingly important. In this review, we propose and outline a format for the development of a Global Virtual Museum of Congenital Cardiac Pathology, based on established principles of anatomical analysis, classification based on an internationally accepted nomenclature (The International Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code or IPCCC), and the use of digital methods of storage of images and videos. In this fashion, we hope to preserve, in a virtual sense, the currently available anatomical specimens.     

Validation d’une version courte en langue française pour adolescents de la Compulsive Internet Use Scale

The Compulsive Internet Uses Scale (CIUS) is a tool designed to evaluate the severity of the Internet-related compulsive behavior. The aim of this article is to propose a French validation of a 9-items short version adapted for the adolescent population. The sample was composed of 269 adolescents with a mean age of 13.8 years. The results of the confirmatory analyses show that a unidimensional model (α = 0.85) is correctly adjusted with the data and is invariant among gender. The criterion validity is examined using two scores of depression and self-esteem. When the adolescents are classified in two categories – compulsive; non-compulsive – the firsts have higher scores of depression and weaker scores of self-esteem than the seconds. The CUIS-9 thus has good psychometric qualities and constitutes a potentially useful tool for researchers and the practitioners.     

Internet use and misuse: a multivariate regression analysis of the predictive factors of internet use among Greek adolescents

The internet is an integral tool for information, communication, and entertainment among adolescents. As adolescents devote increasing amounts of time to utilizing the internet, the risk for adopting excessive and pathological internet use is inherent. The study objectives include assessing the characteristics and predictors of excessive internet use and evaluating the prevalence of pathological internet use among Greek adolescents. A cross-sectional study design was applied to this effect. The study population (n = 897) consisted of a random sample of adolescents residing in Athens, Greece. Self-completed questionnaires, pertaining to internet access characteristics and Young’s Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS) score, were applied in order to investigate the study objectives. The multivariate regression analysis indicated that the most significant predictors of overall internet use included accessing the internet via one’s own home portal and for the purpose of social interaction. Internet access via the school environment was a significant deterrent among low (1–3 h/week) internet users, while access via internet cafés was a significant predictor for high (11–20 h/week) internet users. Moreover, accessing the internet for the purposes of game playing was the most significant predictor for excessive (>20 h/week) internet use. The prevalence of borderline internet use among the study population was 12.8%, while 1.00% reported addictive internet use. Also, 10.4% of male excessive internet users reported addictive internet use (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, excessive internet use is predicted solely by the location of internet access (own home portal) and the scope of internet use (i.e., sites relating to socialization and game playing) and may lead to internet addiction, particularly among male adolescents.     

儿童哮喘管理的互联网时代

在互联网时代下,大数据不是简单的“很多数据的累积”,而是未来的发展趋势.该文介绍大数据分析的现状与前景,并与医学发展相结合,尤其是针对儿童哮喘的管理.随着儿童哮喘管理平台的建立,尽可能多的数据可供研究人员从群体角度了解哮喘这一疾病,并通过发现问题来完善哮喘的管理.     

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??Abstract??With the increase of young internet users??more and more children and adolescents have been addicted to online games.They have become a high-risk group of Internet addiction.Internet gaming disorder has been identified as a new kind of psychiatric disorder in the new revision of the DSM-??.Meanwhile??the comorbid psychiatric disorders of Internet addiction include major depressive disorder??ADHD??obsessive-compulsive disorder??social phobia??substance use and other psychiatric disorders.Internet addiction involves a variety of mechanisms, such as psychology and physiology. Internet addiction not only affects physical?? psychological and social function in children and adolescents but also brings harm to society.Self prevention??family prevention??school prevention??community prevention and social prevention are of great significance.     

Health information seeking by parents in the Internet age

Aim:   Studies have shown increasing Internet use for health information. We aimed to broadly examine parents' utilisation of information sources for their children's health, their trust in them and to define the role of the Internet for children's health information
Methods:   Interview of a convenience sample of parents of patients presenting to a tertiary paediatric emergency department (ED) (Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia) in 2006/2007.
Results:   A total of 360 parents completed the interview. Parents had used on average five sources of health information for their children in the previous 6 months. In the previous 6 months and immediately prior to the ED visit, general practitioners were consulted for health information by 87% and 39%, chemists by 44% and 2%, the Internet by 43% and 6% and telephone advice health lines by 30% and 10%, respectively. Of these sources, parents 'greatly trusted' Royal Children's Hospital ED doctors and nurses 82% ( n  = 112) their regular general practitioners in 73% ( n  = 303), chemists in 45% ( n  = 160), telephone advice health lines (Nurse-On-Call) in 42% ( n  = 90) and the Internet in general in 10% ( n  = 112). Overall, 52% had sought health information for their children on the Internet. Only 20% knew and 11% had ever used the regional children's hospital web site ( http://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo ), but 97% of the Internet users reported they would trust this information.
Conclusion:   While using numerous different sources, parents in this study mostly use and trust traditional sources of health information. Scores of respondents use the Internet to seek health information for their children and would value easier access to Internet sources that they trust.     

Breastfeeding outcomes for mothers with and without home access to e-technologies

AIM: To estimate the percentage of breastfeeding mothers with home access to e-technologies and to compare breastfeeding outcomes for mothers with and without access to e-technologies. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study of 550 breastfeeding mothers discharged from nine maternity units in France. RESULTS: Overall, 435 mothers (79%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 75-82) had home access to e-technologies. Mothers with access to e-technologies were less likely to be unemployed (6% vs. 15%, p = 0.004), to smoke during pregnancy (8% vs. 16%, p = 0.03), to have a breastfeeding assessment score <8 (39% vs. 59%, p < 0.001) and to use a pacifier (23% vs. 41%, p < 0.001). Although mothers with access to e-technologies had a longer median breastfeeding duration than those without home access to e-technologies (19 vs. 16 weeks, p = 0.02), adjusted hazard ratios for breastfeeding discontinuation (0.85; 95% CI, 0.60-1.21), overall satisfaction rates (73% vs. 67%, p = 0.19) and breastfeeding difficulties after discharge (58% vs. 61%, p = 0.60) were not different for the two groups. CONCLUSION: A vast majority of breastfeeding mothers have home access to e-technologies in France. However, access to e-technologies was not independently associated with better breastfeeding outcomes in this study.     

HEADSS up: Adolescents and the Internet

INTRODUCTION

The Internet contains a tremendous amount of unregulated information. Internet use gives adolescents access to a wide variety of information and communication devices, and may be associated with certain risks.

OBJECTIVE

To provide health care professionals with information on adolescent Internet use and its associated risks.

DISCUSSION

Ninety-four per cent of Canadian youth surveyed nationwide in 2005 reported having Internet access in their homes. Parents and health care providers need to educate themselves on issues of Internet safety. The divergent means by which adolescents are using the Internet and the inherent risks associated with unsupervised and uneducated use are addressed. Parents and teenagers are provided with tips for safe Internet use, and health care providers are offered sample questions pertaining to adolescent Internet use.

SUMMARY

A large proportion of adolescents use the Internet daily. Studies examining the risks of online exposure in this age group are evolving. Awareness of the range of applications and information available online will facilitate counselling on appropriate Internet use.     

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目的探讨中学生互联网过度使用(IOU)与注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的关系。方法采用网络成瘾诊断问卷(YDQ)、长处和困难问卷父母版(SDQ)、注意缺陷多动障碍诊断量表父母版(ADHDDS-P)对64例互联网过度使用中学生和64名对照中学生进行评定和比较,并依据美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)中的ADHD诊断标准进行诊断性访谈。结果(1)IOU组符合DSM-Ⅳ中ADHD诊断标准的学生有14例,其中注意缺陷为主型5例,多动冲动为主型1例,混合型8例;对照组中符合ADHD诊断标准的学生有3例,均为混合型。(2)SDQIOU组多动注意不能、品行问题、情绪症状、困难总分等因子的得分均高于对照组,在亲社会行为因子上的得分显著低于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05);(3)ADHDDS-PIOU组注意缺陷、多动/冲动因子得分和总分均显著高于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05);(4)条件Logistic回归分析发现注意缺陷、多动注意不能是IOU的危险因素,亲社会行为是IOU的保护因素。结论互联网过度使用中学生存在着较多的注意缺陷多动障碍,其可能是造成中学生互联网过度使用的危险因素。     

Influence of education and residence on the parental search for pediatric surgical information on the internet

BACKGROUNDThe internet is a valuable tool for access to health-related information. There is limited literature regarding its use by parents of children with surgical conditions. AIMTo investigate internet usage by parents seeking information about the surgical conditions of their offspring in relation to epidemiological factors such as family residential area and parental educational level and to subsequently review the literature regarding this topic. METHODSAn anonymous questionnaire about internet usage was completed by eligible parents of children who were admitted to our clinic for minor surgical procedures during a six-month period. RESULTSOur results demonstrated that the internet has been mostly used by mothers for children’s health information. Google was the most commonly used search engine, while pediatricians were the first parental choice for ‘live’ information. Only one-quarter of the parents informed their doctor about the information found online. Nine of ten parents had a positive opinion of an official website managed by the doctors of our clinic. Our results mostly agreed with the international literature. CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, the establishment of official websites (designed and managed by specialists) that parents can access to receive appropriate health information is mandatory in the internet era.