慢性阻塞性肺疾病与心血管疾病相关性研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病已被广泛认为系一种慢性炎症反应性疾病,不仅累及肺,还可引起一系列肺外效应.慢性阻塞性肺疾病与心血管疾病之间相关机制复杂,可能与全身炎症反应、血管功能障碍、氧化应激、缺氧等因素有关.本文将对二者相关性及其可能的机制方面的研究进展进行综述.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并心血管疾病的发生机制

慢性阻塞性肺疾病和心血管疾病均是多发病,经济负担和社会负担严重,二者存在一定的相关性.慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中心血管疾病的发病率、病死率增加,这一相关性可能与全身炎症反应、血管功能障碍、氧化应激、缺氧等因素有关.本文将对二者相关性及其可能的机制方面的研究进展进行综述.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并心血管疾病的研究进展

<正>慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)是一组呼吸道的慢性炎症性疾病,发生于吸烟、有毒颗粒等吸入后,表现为进行性加重的不可逆性气流受限。它是全球发病率最高的肺部疾病,至2020年将成为世界第三大致死病因~([1])。大量证据表明慢阻肺是一种全身性疾病,其临床表现除了肺部炎症外,还涉及一系列的肺外表现,如心血管疾病、骨质疏松症、肺癌、代谢综合征、抑郁等,其中心血管疾病是慢阻肺患者最常见的致死原因。研究证实1秒钟用力呼气容积     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病系统性炎症的治疗进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病机制复杂,不仅表现为肺部的局部炎症,而且存在系统性炎症反应,后者导致一些肺外器官受损.目前,正在研究针对于控制系统性炎症的新的治疗方法.综述了治疗COPD患者系统性炎症的新方法.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病系统性炎症的治疗进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病机制复杂,不仅表现为肺部的局部炎症,而且存在系统性炎症反应,后者导致一些肺外器官受损.目前,正在研究针对于控制系统性炎症的新的治疗方法.综述了治疗COPD患者系统性炎症的新方法.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病骨骼肌功能障碍的相关因素及机制的研究进展

正慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)是危害人民健康的常见呼吸系统疾病,已成为中国疾病负担的第一位。随着对慢阻肺研究的深入,人们认识到慢阻肺是一种与气道和肺对有害气体或有害颗粒的慢性炎症反应增强有关的疾病,其病理生理变化不仅仅局限于肺部,而且具有显著的肺外效应,主要的肺外病变包括:心血管疾病、骨质疏松、骨骼肌功能障碍,体     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病与心血管疾病关系的研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并心血管疾病被视为"心肺连续体",但其不能简单地归因于吸烟等共同危险因素,而是存在复杂的心肺交互作用。心血管疾病是慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者重要的共病之一,与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者住院风险增加、住院时间延长、全因及心血管病相关死亡有关。慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并心血管疾病患者心血管疾病相关经济负担相当大且部分患者对心血管疾病的认识不足,而其治疗共病的累积成本甚至可能超过治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病本身。本文主要从流行病学、病理生理学及治疗策略等方面系统梳理了慢性阻塞性肺疾病与心血管疾病的关系,以期为临床科学、有效地诊治此类患者提供参考。     

IL-1β、IL-6及TNF-α在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的作用及研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病目前已经成为全球第3大死因的慢性疾病,疾病病程长,经济负担重。现已发现多种致病原因,在临床患者的调查研究中发现,慢性阻塞性肺疾病多与炎症反应相关。本文主要叙述白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素6及肿瘤坏死因子α 3种慢性阻塞性肺疾病中相关的炎症因子,以及这些炎症因子引起的不同病理改变。因此,对炎症因子的作用机制...     

炎症在慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关肺动脉高压发病机制中的作用的研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是以气道、肺实质、肺血管慢性炎症为主要特征的慢性肺疾病.肺动脉高压是COPD的主要并发症.近年来新的研究表明,COPD相关肺动脉高压的主要发病机制除缺氧外,炎症介质如白介素16、C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子α、内皮素1等及炎症细胞如中性粒细胞、T淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、肥大细胞等也起重要作用.     

血清炎性标志物与慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关性研究进展

<正>慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)是一种常见的慢性疾病,主要表现为呼吸道症状和气流受限持续存在,具有高发病率和高病死率的特点。COPD的发病机制考虑与慢性炎症有关,多种炎症细胞(如巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和T淋巴细胞,部分患者还可有嗜酸性粒细胞)和炎症介质(如白三烯B4、肿瘤坏死因子及白细胞介素-8等)参与发病过程;慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性     

铁代谢与心血管疾病

铁代谢异常与多种心血管疾病密切相关。慢性心力衰竭、肺动脉高压常与铁缺乏并存,铁超负荷可促进冠心病的发生发展。现简要综述常见心血管疾病中铁代谢异常的表现特征及可能的机制。     

阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与肥胖相关性心血管疾病关系

阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征是一种常见的睡眠障碍性疾病。阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征常与肥胖症共存,且已证实阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与心血管疾病有联系。因此,阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征可能对肥胖相关性心血管疾病发生发展起作用。这篇综述主要阐述阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、肥胖症、心血管疾病之间的病理生理学的交互作用,以及进一步关于阻塞型睡眠呼吸暂停综合征研究的潜在暗示含义．     

Impact of cancers and cardiovascular diseases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The epidemiological and mechanistic evidence linking these disorders, however, is uncertain. RECENT FINDINGS: In patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease accounts for nearly 50% of all hospitalizations and over 20% of all deaths, whereas lung cancer accounts for about a third of all mortality. Collectively, cancer is responsible for over 50% of all deaths in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In general, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and lung cancer by two-fold, with increasing risk as the disease progresses. The mechanisms linking these disorders have not been well worked out. Shared genetic risk factors, and perturbations in the inflammatory, oxidative and neurohumoral responses, are implicated. Epidemiological studies suggest that anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and lung cancer but have not been confirmed. SUMMARY: Cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer are major sources of morbidity and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patients should be assessed carefully for additional risk factors and be treated aggressively with interventions to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular disease and lung cancer.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病与他汀类药物

慢性阻塞性肺疾病的关键特征是气道、肺实质与全身的慢性炎症及进行性肺功能减退,他汀类药物是一种广泛用于治疗高脂血症与预防动脉粥样硬化的有效药物,近期研究提示,他汀类药物独立于降脂作用之外的多效性如抗炎、抗氧化、抗细胞凋亡和改善血管内皮功能等效应可能对慢性肺部炎症性疾病以及增强吸入性皮质激素抗炎效应、延缓慢性阻塞性肺疾病患...     

慢性支气管炎、COPD及肺心病患者BNP、肺功能和血气变化的研究

目的探讨慢性支气管炎(慢支)、COPD、慢性肺源性心脏病(肺心病)患者不同时期BNP(B型钠尿肽)、肺功能、动脉血气的变化。方法慢支、COPD、肺心病患者均空腹抽静脉血检测BNP;另抽动脉血检测血气;并行肺功能检测。三组间对比,并与正常组对照。结果由慢支发展到COPD、肺心病时BNP逐渐升高(P<0.05);慢支、COPD及肺心病各组FEV1/FVC、MMEF逐渐降低(P均<0.05),动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、PH值逐渐降低,二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)逐渐增高(P均<0.05)。BNP与PaO2、PH呈显著负相关(r=-0.69,-0.58,P均<0.01),而与PaCO2呈正相关(r=0.55,P<0.01)。BNP与FEV1/FVC、MMEF均呈显著负相关,P均<0.01)。结论血浆BNP水平与血气分析及肺功能变化关系密切,血浆BNP水平可以作为判断COPD病情严重程度的一个指标。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病的全身性炎症影响

目前研究显示慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）并不仅是肺部疾病，而且是一种全身性疾病。它的病理生理改变主要是由于肺部炎症引起全身性炎症，继而引起COPD患者的肺外表现，包括营养不良、体重下降、骨骼肌损耗、骨质疏松以及对心血管、神经系统等全身影响。认识COPD全身性炎症的改变，可能对临床评估患者病情和治疗产生深远的影响。     

Dietary Patterns and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-analysis

Investigation of the relationship between dietary patterns and some chronic noncommunicable diseases has become appealing in nutritional epidemiology. Some studies have reported potential associations between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; however, the results remain conflicting. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to pool the results of studies to clarify the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A literature search of MEDLINE and EBSCO databases was performed to identify relevant studies published from January 1990 up to June 2015. A total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The highest category of healthy/prudent dietary patterns when compared with the lowest category was apparently associated with a decreased risk (OR = 0.55; CI: 0.46, 0.66; P < 0.0001). An increase in the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of “unhealthy/western-style” dietary patterns (OR = 2.12; CI: 1.64, 2.74; P < (0.0001). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that different dietary pattern may be associated with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.     

Mortality in COPD: inevitable or preventable? Insights from the cardiovascular arena

Mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease continues to rise, whereas mortality rates related to cardiovascular disease appear to be slowing, or even declining. This is due at least in part to more widespread use of preventative therapies that have been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality, raising the question of whether appropriate use of therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease which potentially reduce mortality could have a similar impact. This article discusses approaches used successfully in managing heart disease and considers whether these can be applied to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and whether a better understanding of the strongest predictors of mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is needed. It reviews the role of inhaled corticosteroids, both alone and in combination with long-acting beta(2)-agonists, in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including the role of combination therapy with inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta(2)-agonists (budesonide/formoterol or salmeterol/fluticasone propionate) in decreasing exacerbations and improving health status, potentially providing survival benefits in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This review also discusses the potential impact of treatments indicated for cardiovascular disease on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and possible links between the two diseases.